Dynamic anti-plane interaction between an impermeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium

Wave propagation in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a circular cavity and an impermeable crack subjected to steady-state anti-plane shearing was studied based on Green＇s function and the crack-division technique. Theoretical solutions were derived for the whole elastic displacement and electric potential field in the interaction between the circular cavity and the impermeable crack. Expressions were obtained on the dynamic stress concentration factor （DSCF） at the cavity＇s edge, the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the dynamic electric displacement intensity factor （DEDIF） at the crack tip. Numerical solutions were performed and plotted with different incident wave numbers, parameters of piezoelectric materials and geometries of the structure. Finally, some of the calculation results were compared with the case of dynamic anti-plane interaction of a permeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium. This paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of piezoelectric actuators and sensors widely used in marine structures.     

圆柱壳在水下爆炸载荷作用下的动响应分析

主要研究了在无限水域中两端简支的圆柱壳受球形炸药爆炸冲击载荷作用下的动响应特性.首先,计及流-固耦合作用的影响,文中由Hamilton变分原理推导出了圆柱壳受爆炸载荷作用的控制方程.然后分别将位移函数的Fourier形式代入方程中,运用迦辽金方法进行化简,最后在时间域上使用四阶经典龙格-库塔方法,圆柱壳在某一时刻的动响应就可以得到.通过将计算结果与有限元计算软件MSC.DYTRAN的计算结果进行比较,可以证明文中计算结果的正确性和可靠性.     

声激励下板柱组合结构水下近场声学特性研究

为研究船舶声纳平台区域的声学环境,基于数值方法研究了声波激励下板柱组合结构的水下近场声学特性,并讨论了声波频率及声波入射角度对板柱组合结构声场的影响.结果表明,板柱组合结构内部的声场分布较为复杂.声波频率较低时,板柱组合结构内部声场分布较为均匀;声波频率逐渐提高时,板柱组合结构内部将逐渐出现明显的声压加强区和减弱区;声波入射角度对声场加强区和减弱区的大小及出现位置也有较大影响.     

Model experiment reproducing an incident of fast ferry

A model scale experiment at a new basin reproduced a phenomenon occurring for a fast ferry; large roll motion and subsequent cargo shift in a quartering sea. Wave generators surrounding the whole periphery of the basin realized a designated directional sea. A carriage system tracked a free-running model ship and a movable weight simulated the cargo shift. Measuring the directional wave field in the basin confirmed the all-around wave generator successfully reproduced the intended wave field that was estimated for the location and the time of the incident. The encounter wave spectrum analyzed using measured data agree well with the theoretically predicted one. The reproduced ship motion, triggered by a small concentrating wave, tells how the ship responded in the successive large quartering waves and the validity of the procedure to reproduce the incident. Repeated measurements of the model ship’s extreme motion confirm a high repeatability of the experiment.     

焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳水下声辐射影响研究

文章重点研究了焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳水下声辐射的影响。通过运用热弹塑性有限元法数值模拟环肋圆柱壳对接焊接过程,得到厚板环形焊缝的三维残余应力场和应变场,然后对含有残余应力的环肋圆柱壳动力特性进行研究,并运用有限元法和边界元法分析了低频激励下其水下声辐射的特点。研究结果表明焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳声辐射有较明显的影响,不仅使声辐射功率曲线和外场声压曲线向低频移动,而且使在大部分激励频率上含有焊接残余应力结构的声辐射功率和外场声压均大于无焊接残余应力结构。     

The influence of water depth on the hydroelastic response of a very large floating platform

The hydroelastic response of a two-dimensional very large floating platform to plane incident wave is investigated for three different cases: infinite, finite and shallow water depth. An integro-differential equation is presented to describe the deflection of the platform due to incident waves. Reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained as well. We consider the case of a strip and a half-plane. Numerical results are obtained for various values of the parameters. The results for the strip and for the semi-infinite platform are compared for different values of depth.     

基于Boussinesq模型的刚性植被水域波浪传播特性数值分析

通过在Boussinesq水波模型中引入拖曳应力项来考虑植被对波浪的衰减作用,建立了波浪在近岸刚性植被水域传播运动的数值模型。在对模型进行验证的基础上,模拟分析了植被特征参数与入射波要素对波浪传播运动的影响。数值模拟结果表明,波浪在近岸植被区传播时,随着植被密度和植被淹没高度的增加,波浪传播中波高衰减率增大、波能损耗率增大;随着入射波高的增加,波浪传播中波高衰减率增大、波能损耗率增大。     

波流作用下圆柱体入水特性的三维数值模拟研究

结构在实际海况中入水受到多种载荷的共同作用,同时还伴随波浪作用的影响,因此该过程是一个强非线性的过程。针对结构在波、流中入水过程的特点,将入射波(波、流)引入非线性双渐进法,研究三维刚体圆柱体在波、流及波流联合作用下入水过程运动响应及姿态的变化,计算结果与试验结果符合得较好,非线性双渐进法适用于分析三维刚体波、流中入水问题。结果表明在近波面附近,结构受波浪作用明显,入水相位、浪级、流速及波流速度矢量差异对结构入水运动速度及轨迹影响明显。     

防波堤堤后次生波的试验研究

在小比尺的大范围整体物理模型试验及数值模拟中,由于模型本身存在底摩阻、比尺效应及计算软件等影响因素,测量所得堤后次生波波高精度较低。因此通过采用大比尺波浪断面物理模型试验,选取不同入射波要素和堤顶淹没水深,研究次生波的基本特性,得到入射波高与次生波的关系;同时利用局部整体模型,分析得出波浪对防波堤不同角度入射时,角度与堤后次生波的关系。试验结果可为大范围整体物理模型试验提供校验依据,也可为数值模拟防波堤堤顶越浪,进行参数调整提供必要的依据。     

带空海底上小变形柱体边缘斜浪散射研究（英文）

The scattering of oblique incident surface waves by the edge of a small cylindrical deformation on a porous bed in an ocean of finite depth, is investigated here within the framework of linearized water wave theory. Using perturbation analysis, the corresponding problem governed by modified Helmholtz equation is reduced to a boundary value problem for the first-order correction of the potential function. The first-order potential and, hence, the reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained by a method based on Green's integral theorem with the introduction of appropriate Green's function. Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples shows that when the quotient of twice the component of the incident field wave number along x-direction and the ripple wave number approaches one, the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the free-surface, and the reflection coefficient becomes a multiple of the number of ripples. Again, for small angles of incidence, the reflected energy is more as compared to the other angles of incidence. It is also observed that the reflected energy is somewhat sensitive to the changes in the porosity of the ocean bed. From the derived results, the solutions for problems with impermeable ocean bed can be obtained as particular cases.     

弹性边界刚度对充液圆柱壳耦合频率的影响分析

研究了弹性边界刚度对充液圆柱壳的振动特性影响。基于Flügge理论并考虑流体的影响,根据波动法建立弹性边界条件下充液圆柱壳的耦合振动特征方程,采用一种改进傅里叶级数的计算方法得到弹性边界条件下的轴向波数,将求得的轴向波数代入耦合方程并利用牛顿迭代法求解方程得到耦合频率。通过与两种边界条件下充液圆柱壳的计算结果进行对比,验证了文中研究方法的有效性和正确性。通过算例,分析了在边界约束刚度变化过程中,充液圆柱壳的耦合频率在不同轴向波数、壳体尺寸等因素下的变化规律。     

SWAN风浪成长模型在近海设计波浪要素推算中的应用

根据黄、渤海区20 a中最大风速对应的风场过程,利用SWAN模型模拟风浪的成长过程,利用针对模型推算所得的烟台芝罘岛附近海域的系列波浪要素,进行P-III型曲线的拟合分析,得到不同重现期条件下的特征波浪要素。模型计算过程中,只需对美国NCEP和欧洲ECMWF风场后报资料进行简单校正,据此通过SWAN模型推算的特征波浪要素值就可与根据芝罘岛海洋环境监测站现场观测资料推断的波浪要素值基本一致。     

高压线后向散射极化分析

用无限长导体圆柱模型代替理想高压线，应用物理光学法（po）计算高压线的后向散射矩阵，并讨论某频率入射波、某入射角下的最优化情形以及目标特征参数和入射角之间的关系，给出相应的数值结果，改善直升机识别效果。     

圆筒型FPSO上部模块支撑结构疲劳分析

与船型FPSO相比,圆筒型FPSO没有明显的总纵弯曲,上部模块与船体结构之间通常采用刚性支墩来连接,水平运动所产生的弯矩和装/卸载引起的船体垂向变形对模块支撑结构的影响较为显著。因此,以“希望6号”圆筒型FPSO上部模块支撑结构为研究对象,基于DNVGL船级社规范,介绍一种简化疲劳分析方法。以FPSO运动加速度和船体变形载荷作为载荷输入条件,利用SESAM/GeniE软件进行有限元分析,得到结构在所有组合工况下应力的扫描计算结果。根据作业海域各个方向波浪发生的概率,运用简化疲劳分析方法计算得到所关注节点的疲劳损伤和各个工况对结构节点疲劳损伤度的贡献。结果表明,所关注节点的疲劳强度均满足设计疲劳强度要求;同一节点的疲劳损伤对不同浪向的敏感度不一样。该简化疲劳分析方法同样适用于承受周期性载荷的FPSO上部模块主结构和其他型式海洋结构物的疲劳分析。     

浅层水中爆炸载荷作用下舰船动态响应及设备冲击环境研究

以MSC/Dytran为平台,对浅层水中爆炸载荷作用下舰船结构的动态响应及设备冲击环境进行了研究。在对4种不同水底介质的浅层水中爆炸冲击波研究的基础上,模拟了偏恶劣的绝对刚性水底条件下浅层水中爆炸时某舰的动态响应,再以舰船主机为对象、以结构加速度响应为输入对舰船设备冲击环境作进一步分析,并以无限水深情况下的舰船响应和设备冲击环境为参照,对水底反射波的影响规律做了一些初步的探讨。     

带有复合结构的多层隔振系统振动传递及声辐射研究

本文将船体结构与安装在其上的设备和周围水介质合在一起建立了一个数学物理模型，即研究具有机器──上层隔振器──带有粘弹性材料（阻尼处理）的筏架结构──下层隔振器──基座艇体──外流场的艇体振动及声辐射。首先，从复合结构与流体相互作用问题的有关混合边值问题出发，针对声波辐射特点，推导了一种广义形式的Hamilton原理及有限元形式的运动方程。在此基础上，分别推导了带有粘弹性材料的筏架结构和艇体与声学介质耦合的动力学运动方程式。进一步在阻尼处理面积及位置、上下层隔振器刚体变化、基座面板厚度变化等四个方面对浮筏隔振系统声场特性的影响作了详细计算及分析研究，得到了一系列具有工程应用价值的结论。     

带横隔板开孔沉箱所受波浪力的研究

研究了斜向波与无限多开孔沉箱的相互作用。依照结构物的几何形状,整个流域被分成无限多个子域,在每个子域内应用特征函数展开法求解速度势。对于沉箱内的波浪运动,引入相位差概念;同时,在构造反射波模型时,考虑了结构物的几何形状影响。进行了数值试验,分析了开孔沉箱水平波浪力及横隔板受力特点,详细讨论了波浪入射频率、入射角度、相对消浪室宽度及开孔影响系数对开孔沉箱波浪力的影响。     

Oblique wave trapping by vertical permeable membrane barriers located near a wall

The effectiveness of a vertical partial flexible porous membrane wave barrier located near a rigid vertical impermeable seawall for trapping obliquely incident surface gravity waves are analyzed in water of uniform depth under the assumption of linear water wave theory and small amplitude membrane barrier response. From the general formulation of the submerged membrane barrier, results for bottom-standing and surface-piercing barriers are computed and analyzed in special cases. Using the eigenfunction expansion method, the boundary-value problems are converted into series relations and then the required unknowns are obtained using the least squares approximation method. Various physical quantities of interests like reflection coefficient, wave energy dissipation, wave forces acting on the membrane barrier and the seawall are computed and analyzed for different values of the wave and structural parameters. The study will be useful in the design of the membrane wave barrier for the creation of tranquility zone in the lee side of the barrier to protect the seawall.     

具有阶梯状海底的表面穿透柔性多孔屏障结构斜波捕获（英文）

The present study deals with the oblique wave trapping by a surface-piercing flexible porous barrier near a rigid wall in the presence of step-type bottoms under the assumptions of small amplitude water waves and the structural response theory in finite water depth. The modified mild-slope equation along with suitable jump conditions and the least squares approximation method are used to handle the mathematical boundary value problem. Four types of edge conditions, i.e., clamped-moored, clamped-free,moored-free, and moored-moored, are considered to keep the barrier at a desired position of interest. The role of the flexible porous barrier is studied by analyzing the reflection coefficient, surface elevation, and wave forces on the barrier and the rigid wall. The effects of step-type bottoms, incidence angle, barrier length, structural rigidity, porosity, and mooring angle are discussed. The study reveals that in the presence of a step bottom, full reflection can be found periodically with an increase in(i) wave number and(ii) distance between the barrier and the rigid wall. Moreover, nearly zero reflection can be found with a suitable combination of wave and structural parameters, which is desirable for creating a calm region near a rigid wall in the presence of a step bottom.     

孤立波作用于V形薄壁防波堤的绕射波浪力

在一定条件下浅水波可能以孤立波形态作用于离岸结构。基于波浪绕射理论,推导V形薄壁防波堤的一阶孤立波绕射理论解。通过对孤立波作用于防波堤的波浪力进行计算,研究孤立波对V形防波堤的作用规律。通过对180°张角的有限长薄壁V形堤足够长时的绕射波浪力计算,与无限长直立薄壁堤的孤立波反射波浪力进行有效的相似性比较。结果表明:孤立波的最大无量纲波浪力明显大于相同浅水条件下Airy微幅波理论的对应结果,由此反映浅水波的非线性效应;孤立波入射角、V形堤张角、防波堤臂长与水深比以及孤立波特征参数等因素的变化均将对波浪荷载产生一定的影响。