既重视高端，也要关注基层

自从我处去年（2009年）开始订阅贵刊后，我作为贵刊一名忠实的读者，很留意每一期文章内容，总体感觉贵刊的栏目设置、导向性注重于交通运输行业高层声音和高端品牌，不论是“特别报道”，“语录”，还是及时报道的行业焦点问题，热点文章，选题角度新颖独特，很有指导性，文章有深度，有启发借鉴意义，服务性很强。总之，给我的感觉，读了这样一本杂志，对我所从事的工作有借鉴，有帮助，很值得。     

亮“黑箱”补“断链”

蹒跚学步，快速发展，定义杂乱，模式繁多，归位混乱，管理缺失，配载困难，效率积弱，成本偏高，竞争强烈，断链严重，民生攸关，业态奇特，引人注意。 这里谈到的便是冷链物流。这条“链”涵盖物流过程，是一条物流链。因而称之为“冷链物流”；这条“链”涵盖流通过程，是一条流通链，不但包括物流，也包括商流；这条“链”涵盖产业过程，是一条产业链，是供应链的一种形态，称之为“全程冷链”。     

龙江桥

福建省福清市东隅有一海口镇，福清市的母亲河龙江在此入海，龙江虽不长，但流经海口时，却江宽5里，水深5丈，每逢涨潮，波涛滚滚汪洋一片。     

强者的守望——献给最美客车卫士

客车修理工，又名客车医生，多么令人尊敬的职业，而他们却与脏、苦、累相伴，五年、十年的考验，慢隧地成长，懦夫早已逃之天天，这是强者守望的阵地。盛夏，机舱里80℃的高温炙烤着躯体，严冬，零下5℃、10℃的北风凛冽着脸庞，没有畏缩，没有逃脱，坚守着，坚守着……为了每一辆客车的安全完好，为了每一位旅客出行的安全舒适。     

城市出租车难题待破

上世纪80年代起，出租车重新出现在城市街头，当时，北京的黄色“面的”，东北比奇瑞QQ还小的“大头鞋”，天津的两厢夏利……开车的人，不论是国企员工，还是个体户，个个是引人羡慕的“万元户”。时间进入90年代，出租车数量越来越多，车的款式也五花八门，运营中的纠纷和事件也开始增多，出现行业管理部门投放难、市民打的难、驾驶员安心从业难的三难境界。     

努力减少不必要环节——访江苏雨润农产品集团运营中心总经理程勇

菜贱伤农，菜贵伤民，很多板子打在了物流企业身上，其实，中间环节过多，层层加价才是最重要的原因，而如何减少中间环节，降低流通成本，缩短田野到餐桌的距离，已经成为行业追求的目标之一。雨润集团的做法，也许可以提供一些借鉴。     

冀望管理让交通烦恼远去——《城市道路交通管理》书评

自秦以来，开运河，筑驿道，使路行车马，水航舟船，便捷了南来北往。 现代社会，道路四通八达，汽车风驰电掣，虽说生活质量提升，却也徒增了几分烦恼——交通管理体制不顺，交通拥堵日益严重、交通事故居高不下，交通污染日渐加重、能源消耗与日俱增……     

天津汽运企业：“小、包、租”经营

新世纪的道路运输企业活力四射，充满朝气，凭借“创新”王牌在市场经济中屡战屡胜，大有所向披靡乏势，正如新国线公司的强劲发展。将视线转移到上个世纪，虽然，我国市场经济还不成熟，属于摸索阶段，道路运输企业在发展道路上也坎坷颇多，但他们从未停止过创新的脚步，攻坚克难，同样在道路运输业发展史上留下过辉煌之笔。     

强化管理谋发展开拓创新铸品牌——广西长兴工程建设有限公司成立五周年

五年，在历史长河中或许只能算得上是惊鸿一瞥，然而，对于广西长兴工程建设有限公司而言，这五年是公司实现从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强的不平凡的五年。公司在2007年成立之初，缺资金、缺人手、缺经验，是最为困难的时期。五年时间里，长兴公司创新经营思路，以发展为动力，以安稳生产为基点，以强化管理为手段，以人才培养为载体，以加强党建为保证，     

新交规非治堵良方

9）129日，国庆长假前最后一个工作日，从中午开始，全国都在堵。亲历其中的人，大多身在不同的地方，却拥有相同的感受：堵啊，实在太堵了，真窝火，想骂人，想发泄。 相对于主流媒体不温不火缺少细节的报道，网络上关于堵的话题，却是炸了锅一般的激情洋溢。有的人，文采飞扬声讨堵车的各种实际存在或臆造的原因；有的人，洋洋洒洒千万词谏言如何治理拥堵；有的人，置身事外冷眼旁观指东说西打诨插科；有的人，身在体制中鼻涕眼泪的陈诉局中人的不易。在人群的各种声音之中，这个黄金周的的确确在拥堵中开始了，而且，不止是一线城市北上广深在拥堵。连合肥、宁波、西安，甚至衡水、成宁这样的小城市，也在堵。用个热闹的词语来形容，叫——堵堵更欢乐。     

Vehicle detection grammars with partial occlusion handling for traffic surveillance

Traffic surveillance is an important topic in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Robust vehicle detection is one challenging problem for complex traffic surveillance. In this paper, we propose an efficient vehicle detection method by designing vehicle detection grammars and handling partial occlusion. The grammar model is implemented by novel detection grammars, including structure, deformation and pairwise SVM grammars. First, the vehicle is divided into its constitute parts, called semantic parts, which can represent the vehicle effectively. To increase the robustness of part detection, the semantic parts are represented by their detection score maps. The semantic parts are further divided into sub-parts automatically. The two-layer division of the vehicle is modeled into a grammar model. Then, the grammar model is trained by a designed training procedure to get ideal grammar parameters, including appearance models and grammar productions. After that, vehicle detection is executed by a designed detection procedure with respect to the grammar model. Finally, the issue of vehicle occlusion is handled by designing and training specific grammars. The strategy adopted by our method is first to divide the vehicle into the semantic parts and sub-parts, then to train the grammar productions for semantic parts and sub-parts by introducing novel pairwise SVM grammars and finally to detect the vehicle by applying the trained grammars. Experiments in practical urban scenarios are carried out for complex traffic surveillance. It can be shown that our method adapts to partial occlusion and various challenging cases.     

含甲醇污水缓蚀阻垢试验研究

油气田产出的污水,矿化度一般较高,油分和机械杂质含量都较高,经絮凝剂除掉悬浮颗粒后还具有结垢和腐蚀的倾向。文中对华北石油局采气厂的污水进行了阻垢试验和缓蚀试验,经过对几组不同的阻垢剂和缓蚀剂的实验效果的对比,选出了适合水质特点的阻垢剂和缓蚀剂,并对相关的影响因素进行了分析,得出添加浓度大于20 mg/L的IMC-50缓蚀剂,投加量为20～30 mg/L的乙二胺四乙酸盐（EDTA）作防垢剂,可取得较好效果。     

The use of the bicycle

The rediscovery of the bicycle by the public, by politicians and by professional urban transportation planners as a mode of transport which is perfectly in harmony with the goals of environmental protection, energy saving and personal fitness has stimulated this empirical study on the actual use of the bicycle by various population groups for obligatory and discretionary trip purposes. The influence on bicycle usage of such factors as age, education, car availability, residential density and town size, topography and time of year is analysed in this paper for selected population groups. For housewives from motorized households logit‐models were designed and calibrated to model their modal choice for shopping trips with special references to the bicycle. From the empirical results, the groups with the largest potentials for cycling are identified and the extent to which the potentials could be activated by specific policies is discussed. The research is based on a large sample held to be representative for the Federal Republic of Germany in 1976 and is supplemented by more recent surveys in selected German cities conducted by SOCIALDATA Munich.     

输气站场管道振动原因分析

输气站场管道异常振动会造成管系疲劳失效,给安全生产造成巨大的隐患。文中从振源方面将管道振动分为机械导致的振动和流体导致的振动,并对其进行原因分析。研究表明:机械导致的振动通常为转动设备本体设计不合理或安装质量问题导致的振动传递给管道;流体导致的振动通常是管内气流脉动引起的气柱共振或机械共振。利用研究结果对某输气站场管道振动原因进行分析,发现是气流脉动产生的机械共振所导致,建议在设计天然气站场工艺时要尽量避免流场的剧烈、频繁变化,以减少或避免流致振动。     

An investigation of the reliability of real-time information for route choice decisions in a congested traffic system

This paper investigates the reliability of information on prevailing trip times on the links of a network as a basis for route choice decisions by individual drivers. It considers a type of information strategy in which no attempt is made by some central controller or coordinating entity to predict what the travel times on each link would be by the time it is reached by a driver that is presently at a given location. A specially modified model combining traffic simulation and path assignment capabilities is used to analyze the reliability of the real-time information supplied to the drivers. This is accomplished by comparing the supplied travel times (at the link and path levels) to the actual trip times experienced in the network after the information has been given. In addition, the quality of the decisions made by drivers on the basis of this information (under alternative path switching rules) is evaluated ex-post by comparing the actually experienced travel time (given the decision made) to the time that the driver would have experienced without the real-time information. Results of a series of simulation experiments under recurrent congestion conditions are discussed, illustrating the interactions between information reliability and user response.     

不同本构模型对浅埋暗挖隧道施工引起地层扰动分析

为了研究不同本构模型对浅埋暗挖隧道施工引起地层扰动的影响,本文基于FLAC3D软件,将莫尔库伦(Mohr-Coulomb,MC)本构模型以及Peck公式计算隧道开挖引起的地表处地层沉降进行对比,结果表明,与Peck公式的计算结果相比,MC模型的计算结果在隧道中心线处的沉降量较小,且在远离隧道中心处的地层出现明显隆起。在此基础上,分析了发生隆起的原因,提出由于隧道下方的回弹土体受到刚度较大的衬砌的约束,从而引起地面产生隆起的假设,并在降低支护结构的刚度条件下,证明了该假设的准确性。通过进一步采用MC模型和修正剑桥(Modified Cam Clay,MCC)本构模型进行对比计算分析,发现MCC模型计算在地表各处的沉降量与Peck公式计算结果基本吻合,均大于MC模型的预测,而且MCC模型能避免地表非真实隆起的产生。可见,相较于MC模型,MCC模型更适于软土地层浅埋暗挖隧道的地表沉降预测。     

The systemic,long-run relation among gasoline demand,gasoline price,income, and vehicle ownership in OECD countries: Evidence from panel cointegration and causality modeling

This paper looks at relationships between gasoline consumption per capita, income, gasoline price, and car ownership for a panel of OECD countries. Estimated long-run and short-run income elasticities are smaller than typically found and gasoline consumption is Granger-caused by gasoline price, but not by car ownership or income. Car ownership is Granger-caused by income and at the margin by gasoline consumption, but not by gasoline price.     

灌注式彩色水泥-沥青混合料路用性能研究

灌注式彩色水泥-沥青混合料是在开级配的沥青混合料空隙内灌注添加颜料的水泥净浆或有色水泥浆而形成的一种彩色复合材料。采用体积法设计了一种高孔隙率的沥青混合料,通过添加彩色颜料的方法调节水泥浆的色彩,对大孔隙沥青混合料灌注彩色浆体材料形成彩色水泥-沥青混合料。     

Platoons of connected vehicles can double throughput in urban roads

Intersections are the bottlenecks of the urban road system because an intersection’s capacity is only a fraction of the maximum flows that the roads connecting to the intersection can carry. This capacity can be increased if vehicles cross the intersections in platoons rather than one by one as they do today. Platoon formation is enabled by connected vehicle technology. This paper assesses the potential mobility benefits of platooning. It argues that saturation flow rates, and hence intersection capacity, can be doubled or tripled by platooning. The argument is supported by the analysis of three queuing models and by the simulation of a road network with 16 intersections and 73 links. The queuing analysis and the simulations reveal that a signalized network with fixed time control will support an increase in demand by a factor of (say) two or three if all saturation flows are increased by the same factor, with no change in the control. Furthermore, despite the increased demand vehicles will experience the same delay and travel time. The same scaling improvement is achieved when the fixed time control is replaced by the max pressure adaptive control. Part of the capacity increase can alternatively be used to reduce queue lengths and the associated queuing delay by decreasing the cycle time. Impediments to the control of connected vehicles to achieve platooning at intersections appear to be small.