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随着我国海洋工程在深度和广度上的发展，FPSO上部模块将成为海洋工程单位的重要产品之一。以一些在建的FPSO上部模块建造项目为例，描述了FPSO上部模块结构建造的一般特点，介绍了FPSO上部模块结构的批量建造方法，并简要分析了批量建造方法的实施对生产成本、建造周期、产品质量带来的影响。 相似文献
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与船型FPSO相比,圆筒型FPSO没有明显的总纵弯曲,上部模块与船体结构之间通常采用刚性支墩来连接,水平运动所产生的弯矩和装/卸载引起的船体垂向变形对模块支撑结构的影响较为显著。因此,以“希望6号”圆筒型FPSO上部模块支撑结构为研究对象,基于DNVGL船级社规范,介绍一种简化疲劳分析方法。以FPSO运动加速度和船体变形载荷作为载荷输入条件,利用SESAM/GeniE软件进行有限元分析,得到结构在所有组合工况下应力的扫描计算结果。根据作业海域各个方向波浪发生的概率,运用简化疲劳分析方法计算得到所关注节点的疲劳损伤和各个工况对结构节点疲劳损伤度的贡献。结果表明,所关注节点的疲劳强度均满足设计疲劳强度要求;同一节点的疲劳损伤对不同浪向的敏感度不一样。该简化疲劳分析方法同样适用于承受周期性载荷的FPSO上部模块主结构和其他型式海洋结构物的疲劳分析。 相似文献
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The detection of changes in the dynamic behavior of structures is an important issue in structural safety assessment. The development of detection methods assumes greater significance in the case of offshore platforms because the inherent problems are compounded by the harsh environment. Here, we describe an instrumented physical model for the structural health monitoring of an offshore jacket-type structure and the results of tests in several different damage scenarios. In a comparative investigation of two different methods, we discuss the difficulties of implementing damage detection techniques for complex structures, such as offshore platforms. The combined algorithm of a fuzzy logic system and a model updating method are briefly discussed, and a method based on stochastic autoregressive moving average with exogenous input is adopted for the structure. The consideration of uncertainties and the effects of nonlinearity were major objectives. So, the methods were also investigated based on the test scenarios consisting of the physical model with a geometric nonlinearity. The principal component analysis method was utilized for the detection of nonlinearity in the recorded data. The results show that the developed methods are suitable for damage classification, but the quality of the acquired signals must be considered an important factor influencing successful classification. The development of these methods may be extremely useful, as such technologies could be applied for offshore platforms in service, enabling damage detection with fewer false alarms. 相似文献
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海上风电是最有前途的清洁能源之一,在概念设计时,海上风机的支撑结构选型优化非常重要。选型优化是一个多属性决策问题,本文将广泛应用的多因素、多层次模糊优选理论引入支撑结构的选型决策中。针对环境等影响因素复杂、确定隶属函数主观因素较强的问题, 成功引入因素的优先关系法来确定优选矩阵的隶属度,较好地减少了确定隶属函数的人为影响。通过此优选模型成功地将四种优选方案(单桩,三脚架,五桩,高桩门架)和影响支撑结构选型的8种因素(施工难度,维护成本,CO2排放量,海水浑浊度,珊瑚礁形成,强度,刚度,耐久性)进行了多级模糊综合优选决策,得到了比较科学的决策结果,本研究为海上风机支撑结构的方案选型决策提出了一种量化分析的手段。 相似文献
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海洋平台结构件表面脉冲纳米复合镀层的制备 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本实验采用双脉冲电源,在Q235海洋平台结构件表面沉积了纳米复合镀层。通过改变镀液中纳米颗粒浓度、脉冲电源占空比和电镀电源方式,研究了不同条件下制备的复合镀层的微观形貌和组织结构。 相似文献
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The present work is motivated by the increasing need for cost-efficient solutions in offshore structural systems for wind energy production and for improvement of their structural performance. The structural behavior and design of high-strength steel welded tubular connections (yield strength higher than 700 MPa) subjected to monotonic and strong cyclic loading is investigated. In the first part of the paper, an experimental investigation is presented on high-strength steel tubular X-joints subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading far beyond the elastic limit of the material, leading to weld fracture. Two grades of weld metal material are employed in the welding process of the specimens. The experimental results indicate that the weld material grade has a significant influence on the deformation capacity of the welded connection under monotonic loading conditions, and its low-cycle fatigue life. The experimental procedure is simulated using advanced finite element models, elucidating several features of joint behavior and complementing the experimental results. Overall, a good agreement is found between numerical simulations and experimental results, in terms of both global response and local strains at the vicinity of the welds. Furthermore, the structural performance of the welded tubular joints under consideration is assessed using available design methodologies in terms of both ultimate strength and low-cycle fatigue resistance, in an attempt to validate an efficient design methodology for low-cycle fatigue. The results from this research effort are aimed at developing the necessary background for the possible use of high-strength steel in tubular steel lattice structures, particularly in offshore platforms for renewable energy production. They can also be used as a basis for the possible amendment of relevant design specifications and recommendations for including special provisions for high-strength steel structural systems. 相似文献
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深水油气田的开发推动了深水浮式平台技术的发展,目前已有三类深水浮式平台在国外深水油气田开发中得到应用,Spar平台是其中的一种。随着我国南海深水油气资源的不断发现,提出了对深水浮式平台技术的需求。南海深水气田是在中国南海深水海域发现的第一个深水气田,为了验证深水桁架式Spar平台在南海深水气田开发中的可行性,我们对深水桁架式Spar平台设计技术进行了研究,Spar平台上部设施、设备总体布置也为主要研究内容。本文介绍Spar平台的发展历程,研究了Spar平台上部设施、设备总体布置方法,以及Spar平台上部设施设备的布置应考虑的要点,以供本领域研究设计人员了解参考。 相似文献
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The composite bucket foundation (CBF) is a new and environmentally-friendly foundation for offshore wind turbines. This foundation can be prefabricated in batches onshore followed by integrated transport and installation at sea. The structure itself has a subdivision air cushion structure that enables the foundation to float stably on the water surface and realize long-distance towing of the foundation. The mechanism of this air-liquid-solid coupling towing process is complicated, and the influence of the bulkheads on the towing resistance is not clear. In this paper, the influence of the subdivision structure on the towing resistance of the CBF is compared with the tow test in hydrostatic water. The structural motion characteristics and the change of the cushion pressure are also analysed. Experiments are used to verify numerical calculation results. The flow field difference between the CBF with bulkheads, the CBF without bulkheads and the real floating structure was analysed. The dynamic pressure coefficient was used to analyze the force at surfaces of different CBF's. For the tow test and numerical calculation of multiple CBFs, the optimal multi-CBF tow distance and towage number are obtained through the calculation of energy consumption rate. 相似文献
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针对具有漂浮起吊作业功能的海上风电安装平台面临规范和法规适应性方面的新情况,对有漂浮起吊功能的海上风电安装平台设计时应特别考虑的一些技术问题及处理办法进行了梳理,以期望给业界提供有益参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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南海FLNG上部模块总体布局方案研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
FLNG在南海深水气田开发中应用前景广阔,应加强对其设计技术的研究.本文结合调研和项目经验,总结FLNG上部模块总体布置原则和规范,研究布局影响因素,并提出南海FLNG布局建议.FLNG上部模块设计时,应符合安全、经济、合理的原则,并遵守船级社和本行业在总体、工艺、安全等方面的规范;在选择布局方案时,应重点考虑系泊、外输、解脱、工艺方案等4个因素的影响;对于南海FLNG总体布局方案,采用旁靠时建议按从船首到船尾"单点-火炬-预处理-液化-外输-电站/公用-生活楼"布局,采用尾靠时建议按"生活楼-单点-电站/公用-预处理-火炬-液化-外输"布局.本研究成果可以为今后开展南海FLNG上部模块设计提供参考. 相似文献
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Grouted connections (GCs) are widely used to connect superstructures and driven piles in offshore wind turbine structures. They resist fatigue loading in marine splash zones and even submerged environments. In this paper, six GC segment specimens were designed and tested under fatigue loading in both the air and water ingression conditions. The results in the air condition showed that for the specimens with lower loading ranges, the strain distributions and residual displacements stabilized after 20 thousand load cycles. These conditions persisted until the end of the test with two million cycles, with only a few tiny cracks appearing on the grout material surface. Meanwhile, wide cracks and grout material exfoliation were found in specimens with higher loading ranges. The residual displacement accumulated gradually, which eventually caused the termination of the test when it reached 5 mm after 1.3 million cycles. The results in the water ingression condition showed that the water had entered into the micro-cracks of the grout material, which severely degraded the fatigue behavior of the GC specimens. Even in lower loading ranges, specimens W-1 and W-2 only endured 0.264 million and 64 thousand load cycles before the displacement of the top clamp reached −10 mm. Compared with two specimens tested in the air, with a total displacement of less than −0.7 mm after two million load cycles, the severe deteriorating effect of water ingression on the fatigue behavior of GCs was apparent. 相似文献
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港口起重机的钢结构是起重机的重要组成部分,是整台起重机的骨架.《起重机设计规范》(GB3811-83)对钢结构提出了抗屈服、抗失稳和抗疲劳失效的安全性核算要求,但不能保证抗脆性破坏的安全性;在F.E.M标准《欧洲起重机械设计规范》(1998年修订版)中对钢结构抗脆性破坏提出了钢材质量选择办法.本文针对现行起重机钢结构设计,从防止结构脆断的角度就如何合理选用钢材等级做一些探讨. 相似文献
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Installation complexities are one of the major challenges in the floating offshore wind turbine (OWT) industry. The modern concept introduced by the SFI-MOVE project is an effort to overcome the complexities by utilizing a low-height lifting mechanism. It is common to idealize a crane in the lifting mechanism as a rigid body since the structural deflections are smaller than the responses introduced by the other system components. However, structural flexibility can play an essential role in demanding offshore operations with smaller acceptable tolerances. In this study, lifting cranes are modeled using the finite element method and simplified by implementing equivalent 3D beam elements. Dynamic analysis is performed for various environmental conditions, and the responses of the crane structure and the OWT are calculated for each load case. This research reveals that crane structure flexibility influences the relative motion between a floating spar buoy and an OWT during mating operations. Crane structural flexibility contributes significantly to the OWT rotations. In addition, the response deviation between using rigid and flexible cranes increases as the excitation force increases. Therefore, it is recommended to consider the crane structural flexibility in the calculation when strict installation tolerances are needed. 相似文献
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关于海洋工程设备市场的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前,世界范围内石油能源的紧缺使得海洋石油开发领域中的投资不断增加;未来国际海洋工程装备市场的需求将随着全球石油需求量的增加而不断增长,海洋工程设备将越来越受人们的关注而成为市场的新亮点。 相似文献
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针对黄骅港煤炭港区三、四期工程筒仓仓顶钢结构在运营过程中出现的严重腐蚀与维修难题,进行了仓顶钢结构防腐研究,旨在提出适应港口强腐蚀环境的长效防腐方案,延长防腐保护年限和降低后期维修频率。通过现场调研与理论分析,明确了仓顶钢结构腐蚀严重的主要原因。结合文献综述与工程案例比较,重点探讨了金属防护与涂料防护两种技术路径,最终提出两种防腐保护年限不低于30 a的重防腐方案。此外,针对防腐与防火相容配套问题,通过理论分析和工程案例研究,提出了适用于港口筒仓的防腐防火一体化措施。针对港口强腐蚀环境,提出的重防腐措施和防腐防火一体化措施,可将常规10 a的防腐保护设计年限提升至30 a,延长幅度达2倍。研究成果可为黄骅港煤炭港区五期工程及其他同类型筒仓防腐设计提供参考。 相似文献
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Failures caused by the combined actions of fatigue, corrosion and wear are important safety concerns for mooring chains used on floating structures in the oil and gas industry. Prediction of remaining corrosion fatigue life based on surface condition could therefore be a useful tool for the continued safe operation of corroded chains. This paper investigates the use of crack growth modelling for estimating the remaining corrosion fatigue life of mooring chains that exhibit significant pitting corrosion damage. A crack growth modelling approach is used to produce remaining fatigue life estimates for a selection of severely pitted mooring chains. Using fatigue crack growth rate test results for grade R4 high strength mooring chain steel, empirical crack growth laws are presented for free corrosion and cathodic protection conditions at load ratio R = 0.1. Two different methods for establishing equivalent cracks from surface scans of corrosion damage are presented. The mooring chains are proof loaded as part of their manufacturing process. Residual stresses introduced during this process have therefore been determined by finite element analysis and accounted for in the fatigue crack growth predictions. One of the equivalent crack models, accounting for the single dominant corrosion pit, provided quite accurate fatigue life predictions when compared with full scale test results. 相似文献
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随着渤中25-1/S油田及周边渤中19-4油田的开发,“海洋石油113”号FPSO上部组块水系统已无法满足目前的生产需求。此次借油田复产之际进行系统扩容改造,在大幅提升FPSO水系统的生产处理能力的同时也增加了注水外输能力,为整个区块油田进一步提高产量发挥重要作用。文中简要阐述了“海洋石油113”号FPSO上部组块水系统的扩容改造,并提出需注意的问题,从而为后期类似项目的建设改造提供借鉴。 相似文献