A rate-distortion based quantization level adjustment algorithm in block-based video compression

In this paper, a rate-distortion based quantization level adjustment (RDQLA) algorithm is presented. Based on the rate-distortion criterion, the quantization level adjustment algorithm effectively improves coding efficiency by adaptively optimizing quantization levels of the signals near the boundaries of quantization cells and adjusting quantization levels per block. In addition, it has no overhead and is fully compatible with the existing compression standards. The proposed algorithm can be applied in any block based image and video coding method. In particular, the algorithm has been verified on the platform of H.264. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves objective and subjective performances substantially. It is shown that the proposed algorithm has a gain of several dB comparing with the newest H.264 standard for high bit rates. Foundation item: the Special Foundation of Outstanding Young Teacher of Shanghai     

Support vector regression based color image restoration in YUV color space

A support vector regression(SVR) based color image restoration algorithm is proposed.The test color images are firstly mapped into the YUV color space,and then SVR is applied to build up a theoretical model between the degraded images and the original one.Performance comparisons of the proposed algorithm versus traditional filtering algorithms are given.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than traditional filtering algorithms and has less computation time than iterat...     

列车通信以太网周期数据时态约束调度方法

针对工业以太网调度方法以报文截止期为唯一约束的局限,提出了一种基于时态约束的列车通信网络周期数据调度表生成方法.首先基于时间触发机制改造列车以太网的通信与消息模型;其次利用网络设备通信参数与数据报文参数,提出周期数据通信的时态约束有向图量化模型;最后设计了基于可满足性模理论的调度表生成算法,求解单播及广播业务的周期数据调度表以验证算法有效性,并在实际列车通信网络的拓扑条件下进行调度性能测试及分析.实验结果表明:该调度算法能够解决部分传统算法不能调度的通信任务,满足更细化的周期数据调度需求并提升调度灵活性;调度性能测试中最大链路负载超过80%,可调度周期数据业务量达到1 000项.      

Fast Mode Decision Method Based on Historical Information for H. 264/AVC

Mode decision based on rate-distortion optimization algorithm brings high compression efficiency to H.264/AVC. However, heavy computation load is also added to the encoder at the same time. In order to reduce the computation burden of mode decision, this paper presented a fast mode decision method based on mode information of the previously coded frame. Moreover, all coding modes were activated when scene change occurs and a scheme to detect scene change was proposed. The simulation results show that compared to the original encoder, the proposed method achieves a reduction of over 38% encoding time and keeps almost the same PSNR and bitrate for a wide range of quantization parameter.     

提升高精度图像弱目标视觉质量的高效压缩算法

为了实现对高精度图像进行高效压缩,同时确保重建图像的弱目标区域有较好的保真效果,提出了一种提升弱目标区域质量的基于误差优化编码的高精度图像压缩算法. 首先,使用JPEG-LS （joint photographic experts group lossless）压缩算法对图像数据进行压缩,在游程编码过程中自适应地选择需要二次编码的误差数据,并完成了基于视觉质量的非均匀量化;其次,对量化值进行数据分解,去除量化值之间的相关性,并对分解后的数据进行MQ算术编码的熵编码;图像重建时根据量化间隔重建反量化值,并设计了反量化优化和滤波优化过程;最后,将本文算法与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000 （joint photographic experts group 2000）算法进行了性能比较,结果表明:本算法能够实现高精度图像数据的高效压缩,且复杂度低,易于硬件实现,虽然引入了误差数据二次优化编码等过程,但增加编码的数据量较小,故与JPEG-LS算法的压缩速度相当,然而比JPEG2000算法的压缩速度提升4.47倍;同时有效减少了常规算法造成的信息损失,重建图像的峰值信噪比与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000相当或略低,但弱目标区域的视觉质量及保真效果更好.      

Research and application of new threshold de-noising algorithm for monitoring data analysis in nuclear power plant

Under the complex condition of nuclear power plant, all kinds of influence factors may cause distortion of on-line monitoring data. It is essential that on-line monitoring data should be de-noised in order to ensure the accuracy of diagnosis. Based on the research of wavelet analysis and threshold de-noising, a new threshold denoising method based on Mallat transform is proposed. This method adopts factor weighing method for threshold quantization. Through the specific case of nuclear power plant, it is verified that the algorithm is of validity and superiority.     

An improved scalar Costa scheme based on Watson perceptual model

An improved scalar Costa scheme （SCS） was proposed by using improved Watson perceptual model to adaptively decide quantization step size and scaling factor. The improved scheme equals to embed hiding data based on an actual image. In order to withstand amplitude scaling attack, the Watson perceptual model was redefined, and the improved scheme using the new definition can insure quantization step size in decoder that is proportional to amplitude scaling attack factor. The performance of the improved scheme outperforms that of SCS with fixed quantization step size. The improved scheme combines information theory and visual model.     

车行指路系统信息连续性分析及量化算法

指路标志信息连续性是驾驶者在复杂路网中顺利出行的保障. 本文以路网指路标志信息系统为研究对象,从宏观、中观、微观3 个层面分析指路系统信息的连续性,提出系统、频度信息项、区域、方位、路径等不同层级的连续性量化指标,利用空间聚类分析识别指路信息项目标地的辐射方位,基于有效路径三原则筛选每个方位的路径集;考虑路径各节点指路信息项的前后承接特征、道路及交通设施条件量化驾驶人心理预期,即节点信息连续度;设计了路网及指路信息项、转向特征等属性的数据存储结构,提出指路系统连续度量化算法,以实现其信息连续性计算. 最后,以重庆市渝中区路网指路信息系统为例,对连续性分析模型及量化算法进行验证.     

车行指路系统信息连续性分析及量化算法

指路标志信息连续性是驾驶者在复杂路网中顺利出行的保障. 本文以路网指路标志信息系统为研究对象,从宏观、中观、微观3 个层面分析指路系统信息的连续性,提出系统、频度信息项、区域、方位、路径等不同层级的连续性量化指标,利用空间聚类分析识别指路信息项目标地的辐射方位,基于有效路径三原则筛选每个方位的路径集;考虑路径各节点指路信息项的前后承接特征、道路及交通设施条件量化驾驶人心理预期,即节点信息连续度;设计了路网及指路信息项、转向特征等属性的数据存储结构,提出指路系统连续度量化算法,以实现其信息连续性计算. 最后,以重庆市渝中区路网指路信息系统为例,对连续性分析模型及量化算法进行验证.     

基于音频内容的DCT域脆弱水印算法

为了实现音频文件的完整性认证,提出了一种基于内容的脆弱水印算法.对于一维序列,改变其离散余弦变换(DCT)域交流系数不会改变该序列的幅值和.基于这一性质,在音频分帧后,再对每帧分组,计算每组采样点和的绝对值,相加后得到该帧的和,将其作为该帧音频的特征,量化后转换为二进制作为水印;然后,用量化索引调制方法,通过调整每组DCT域的低频系数嵌入水印.实验表明:该算法具有很好的不可感知性;得到的含水印音频的信噪比约为80 dB;算法对添加噪声、重量化、重采样、低通滤波、MP3压缩等操作具有很强的敏感性,并且能够确定替换等恶意篡改的位置.     

基于双置乱与奇异值分解的彩色图像水印算法

提出了一种基于水印和载体双双置乱的安全水印算法。首先将载体图像由RGB色彩空间转换为YUV彩色空间,再经Fibonacci变换置乱后,对Y分量进行8×8分块,对各块进行奇异值分解。将二值图像经过Arnold置乱后嵌入到Y分量的各块的奇异值中。经仿真实验证明,该算法对JPEG压缩、剪切、旋转、滤波等几何攻击具有比较好的稳健性。     

A New MPEG-2 Rate Control Method Based on Model Classification

The paper proposed a new MPEG-2 rate control method that is based on model classification. The macro-blocks are classified according to their prediction errors, and different parameters are used in the rate-quantization and distortion quantization model. The different model parameters are calculated from the previous frame of the same type in the process of coding. These models are used to estimate the relations among rate, distortion and quantization of the current frame. Further steps, such as R-D optimization based quantization adjustment and smoothing of quantization of adjacent macroblocks, are used to improve the quality. The results of the experiments prove that the technique is effective and can be realized easily. The method presented in the paper can be a good way for MPEG rate control.     

融合边缘检测与区域生长的交通图像分割方法

在交通监控中,如何从复杂的背景中分割运动物体是至关重要的一步,针对车辆的运动阴影对图像分割产生的不利影响,提出了一种新的融合边缘检测与区域生长的彩色图像分割算法,算法同时考虑了图像的彩色信息和空间信息.该算法首先对彩色图像边缘检测,并根据检测结果设置种子像素;再基于颜色相似性生长准则,结合边缘检测结果,对每个种子点进行区域生长;最后,利用区域合并算法对剩余的像素进行合并.实验结果表明该算法很大程度上克服了阴影给图像分割带来的不利影响.     

违章车辆视频检测算法的研究

违章车辆视频检测是智能交通系统ITS中的一个重要环节,它对于交通安全、交通管理与控制方案选择具有非常重要的理论意义和实用价值.文章对影响车辆视频检测的关键技术进行了较为详细的讨论,包括背景更新技术、阴影处理方法、车牌定位技术,提出一种区域检测和车牌定位相结合的一种视频检测方法.经试验证明,该方法能够对各种类型的闯红灯车辆进行有效的检测,具有很高的实用价值.     

基于KPCA和ANFIS的色彩校正

提出结合核主成分分析（KPCA）和自适应神经模糊推理系统（ANFIS）的色彩校正（KPCA_ANFIS）算法.首先将数据通过核函数映射到高维空间,再通过KPCA提取主成分,最后通过ANFIS学习达到色彩校正的目的.实验结果验证了ANFIS用于色彩校正的可行性和有效性,KPCA_ANFIS算法的精度和鲁棒性均优于传统ANFIS.对测试数据（训练数据）的平均误差、最大误差和标准差较传统ANFIS分别下降了37%（45%）,34%（40%）和35%（40%）.     

An Image Retrieval Method Based on Color and Texture Features

The technique of image retrieval is widely used in science experiment, military affairs, public security,advertisement, family entertainment, library and so on. The existing algorithms are mostly based on the characteristics of color, texture, shape and space relationship. This paper introduced an image retrieval algorithm, which is based on the matching of weighted EMD(Earth Mover‘s Distance) distance and texture distance. EMD distance is the distance between the histograms of two images in HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) color space, and texture distance is the L1 distance between the texture spectra of two images. The experimental results show that the retrieval rate can be increased obviously by using the proposed algorithm.     

基于重要位平面的彩色图像检索算法

针对利用颜色特征检索图像时的不足,提出了一种基于重要位平面的彩色图像检索算法．该算法利用位平面分解的方法对表征图像视觉的信息进行分解,从中提取能够表征图像视觉信息的5个最高位平面,并计算其上的R、G、B颜色分布熵来描述图像特征．为了避免图像中像素颜色值的微小变化对位平面复杂度的影响,采用了位平面的灰度码表示方法．最后设计了以位平面距离加权和的方法进行相似性度量．仿真实验表明所提出的算法具有高效的图像检索性能．     

基于HSI空间的模糊C均值彩色图像分割方法

给出了一种在HSI空间上基于模糊C均值的彩色图像分割方法．首先对每个像素根据H分量和I分量计算出4个隶属度,然后将其中的两个隶属度结合形成一个二雏特征矢量来表征像素的全部颜色特征,最后对二维矢量运用模糊C均值聚类算法得到最终的彩色图像分割结果．     

Unsupervised color-texture image segmentation

The measure J in J value segmentation （JSEG） fails to represent the discontinuity of color, which degrades the robustness and discrimination of JSEG. An improved approach for JSEG algorithm was proposed for unsupervised color-texture image segmentation. The texture and photometric invariant edge information were combined, which results in a discriminative measure for color-texture homogeneity. Based on the image whose pixel values are values of the new measure, region growing-merging algorithm used in JSEG was then employed to segment the image. Finally, experiments on a variety of real color images demonstrate performance improvement due to the proposed method.     

Fault detection of networked control systems with uncertain time-varying delay and quantization error

Problems related to fault detection of networked control systems (NCSs) with both uncertain timevarying delay and quantization error are studied in this paper. A novel model with the form of polytopic uncertainty is given to represent the influences of both the time-varying delay and the quantization error, and then the reference model based method is used to design the residual generator that is robust to both unknown network-induced delay and unknown inputs. A numerical example is also given to illustrate the merits of the presented method. The proposed method can be regarded as an extension of the authors’ former work, which can only deal with time-varying delay.