Identification of hydrodynamic forces on a flexible pipe near plane boundary subjected to vortex-induced vibrations

Formally,use of system identification techniques to estimate the forces acting on the beam may give information on hydrodynamic forces due to vortex-induced vibrations(VIVs),but no results from such attempts for submarine pipeline spans have been reported.In this study,a pipe model with a mass ratio(mass/displaced mass) of 2.62 is tested in a current tank.The gap ratios(gap to pipe diameter ratio) at the pipe ends are 2.0,4.0, 6.0 and 8.0.The response of the model is measured using optical fiber strain gauges.A modal approach linked to a finite element method is used to estimate the hydrodynamic forces from measurement.The hydrodynamic force at the dominant response frequency is the major concern,and the lift force and added mass coefficients are calculated.Response calculations are performed using force coefficients from the inverse force analysis and the calculated results are in accordance with the experimental data.     

非均匀流场中螺旋桨水动力及噪声特性预报研究

根据螺旋桨的型值参数,在Fluent前处理器ICEM中建立流场的网格模型,采用计算流体力学（CFD）理论,结合雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯（RANS）方程计算了螺旋桨的水动力特性.利用滑移网格技术对非均匀来流下的螺旋桨的水动力进行大涡模拟计算,并结合FW-H噪声模块对螺旋桨的无空泡噪声进行了数值预报.流场预报结果显示,流场的非均匀性导致螺旋桨水动力系数的脉动存在一定的周期性,且整个螺旋桨的水动力系数与单个桨叶之间存在一定的倍数关系;声场结果表明,低频离散噪声远大于高频噪声,噪声衰减速度随频率增大而减小,螺旋桨轴向和径向衰减速度随着距桨盘面中心的距离增大而减小,且轴向声压级低于径向两侧.     

沉管隧道浮运水动力学性能的数值分析

为了正确评估沉管隧道管段在水中浮运的水动力学特性,确定合理的水上施工参数,以广州生物岛沉管隧道为研究对象,在缩尺模型试验的基础上,采用CFD软件STAR-CCM＋的改进型SST k-ω模型,对不同施工参数条件下的管段周围的流场进行了数值模拟,分析了管段所受水动力作用的特性．结果表明,干舷值的变化对阻力系数的影响最大可达35．9％;受水横流的作用,在拖速为0．6-1．2m／s时,管段拖运方向的阻力系数随着拖速的增加而减小;波浪对阻力系数也有影响,拖速越大,影响越明显,当拖速从0．8m／s增加到1．2m／s时,管段拖运方向的阻力系数与无波工况相比,增幅可达36．75％．     

Free-Surface Wave Interaction with a Very Large Floating Structure

The free-surface wave interaction with a pontoon-type very large floating structure（VLFS） is analyzed by utilizing a modal expansion method. The modal expansion method consists of separating the hydrodynamic analysis and the dynamic response analysis of the structure. In the dynamic response analysis of the structure,the deflection of the structure with various edge conditions is decomposed into vibration modes that can be arbitrarily chosen. Free-free beam model, pinned-free beam model and fixed-free beam model are three different types of edge conditions considered in this study. For each of these beam models, the detailed mathematical formulations for calculating the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenmodes have been given, and the mathematical formulations corresponding to the beam models of pinned-free beam and fixed-free beam are novel. For the hydrodynamic analysis of the structure, the boundary value problem（BVP） equations in terms of plate modes have been established, and the BVP equations corresponding to the beam models of pinned-free beam and fixedfree beam are also novel. When these BVP equations are solved numerically, the structure deflections and the wave reflection and transmission coefficients can be obtained. These calculation results point out some findings valuable for engineering design.     

Study of tunnel thruster performance and flow by quasi-steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation

A numerical approach based on the solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations using the shear-stress transport(SST) turbulence model has been employed to investigate the hydrodynamic performance and flow of tunnel thrusters.The flow passages between adjacent blades are discretized with prismatic cells so that the boundary layer flow is resolved down to the viscous sub-layer.The hydrodynamic performances predicted by the quasi-steady approach agree well with the experimental data for three impellers covering a range of blade area and pitch.Through analysis of the flow field,the reason why the hub of impeller also contributes to thrust which can amount to 40%—60% of the impeller thrust,and the mechanism of the impeller inducing an axial force on the hull are elucidated.     

制造超差对喷水推进器水动力性能影响的CFD分析

采用计算流体力学方法对喷水推进器水力性能进行了预报,以判别制造过程尺寸超差对喷水推进器水动力性能的影响.建立由喷水推进器内流场与船体外流场构成的计算区域,用6面体结构化网格划分泵内流场,采用4面体网格对进水管道和船底区域进行划分.对整个喷水推进系统的三维粘性湍流流场进行了数值计算.计算结果既可用于分析喷水推进器内部流场的流动细节,也可用于推力、功率、效率等外特性参数的预报.     

Computation of the viscous hydrodynamic forces on a KVLCC2 model moving obliquely in shallow water

The viscous hydrodynamic force and moment on ships moving obliquely in shallow water axe important for ship navigation safety. In the paper, the viscous flow field around a KVLCC2 model moving obliquely in shallow water is simulated and the hydrodynamic drag, lateral force and yaw moment acting on the hull are obtained by a general purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package FLUENT with shear-stress transport (SST) k-w turbulence model. The numerical computation is performed at different drift angels and water depths. The numerical results are compared with experimental results, and a good agreement is demonstrated.     

Hydraulic Geometry Relation for Navigable Canals Considering Ship Speed

Definition of hydraulic geometry of navigable canals and its expression are studied in this paper.The hydrodynamic and morphologic characteristics of navigable canals are analyzed on the basis of the data collected from field surveys conducted at two segments of the Grand Canal in Jiangsu Province,China.The channel morphologic factor and the ship hydrodynamic factor are adopted to describe the hydraulic geometry relation of navigable canals.The correlation analysis shows that the ship hydrodynamics can be a dominant factor influencing the channel evolution with larger determination coefficient.Furthermore,the undetermined index in the proposed hydraulic geometry relation is also discussed,which indicates that the index related to the intensity of water flow(qualitatively reflected by the integrated ship flow intensity)is within a range of 0.5 to 1.0.     

舰船水压场信号实时检测方法研究

为了有效地从风浪背景中检测舰船水压场信号,在对大量实测海浪水压场数据和舰船水压场数据分析的基础上,对海浪水压场信号的特性进行了研究,发现海浪水压场信号可用AR模型对其进行描述．从而对海浪水压场信号建立AR模型,计算AR模型的反射系数并提取其欧氏距离作为特征,采用滑动检测法对信号进行实时检测．通过大量实测数据检验其有效性,结果表明,该算法简单,能较好的检测目标信号．     

Computational Fluid Dynamics Uncertainty Analysis for Simulations of Roll Motions for a 3D Ship

The roll motions are influenced by significant viscous effects such as the flow separation.The 3D simulations of free decay roll motions for the ship model DTMB 5512 are carried out by Reynold averaged NavierStokes(RANS) method based on the dynamic mesh technique.A new moving mesh technique is adopted and discussed in details for the present simulations.The purpose of the research is to obtain accurate numerical prediction for roll motions with their respective numerical/modeling errors and uncertainties.Errors and uncertainties are estimated by performing the modern verification and validation(VV) procedures.Simulation results for the free-floating surface combatant are used to calculate the linear,nonlinear damping coefficients and resonant frequencies including a wide range of forward speed.The present work can provide a useful reference to calculate roll damping by computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method and simulate a general ship motions in waves.     

预应力CFRP板加固钢板受拉疲劳性能试验研究

为较好地预测预应力碳纤维材料(CFRP)板加固钢结构的疲劳性能,采用考虑有效应力强度因子幅的Pairs公式,分析了粘贴预应力CFRP板加固钢板的疲劳裂纹扩展行为.通过粘贴CFRP板的含中心孔的预制裂纹钢板的疲劳试验,分析了应力比、CFRP板刚度、预应力及粘结胶性能等因素对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响.试验结果表明:加固后结构的疲劳寿命提高16倍以上,疲劳寿命的理论分析结果偏于保守;预应力是疲劳寿命的主要影响因素,而CFRP板和粘结胶性能的影响有限;应力比埘疲劳寿命的影响很大,因此,对交通荷载的正确预估是加固能否取得成功的基础.     

地基土上水工建筑物滑动稳定

针对地基土上水工建筑物滑动稳定设计中存在的6个问题,提出了解决办法．利用在基坑内原位压板试验,确定地基土回弹等影响后的滑动承载能力降低数值;定量确定适合水工建筑物地基土的滑动剪应力强度包线和滑动剪切系数;根据地基土和建筑物底板的滑动机理不同,将地基土和建筑物底板的滑动安全系数分开设置;提出采用地基土承受偏心荷载的最大压应力σmax预测建筑物位移、滑动和地基土蠕变位移、滑动的设计方法;确定地基土体蠕变滑动轮廓的计算方法;限定地基土抗滑稳定设计的最大压应力等．按拟定方法计算2座已建水工建筑物,计算结果符合实物工况．     

中、下承式拱桥悬吊桥面系强健性加固试验

为增强中、下承式拱桥悬吊桥面系的强健性,以无纵桥向加劲梁的中、下承式拱桥悬吊桥面系为研究对象,提出了一种采用钢管桁架加劲纵梁的悬吊桥面系强健性加固结构,对比分析了悬吊桥面系强健性加固前后吊杆断裂时剩余结构的动力响应;开展了钢管桁架加劲纵梁强健性加固结构模型试验和有限元分析,研究了吊杆断裂后加固结构的受力性能与破坏模式;讨论了精轧螺纹钢筋预紧力、开孔钢板厚度和材质对强健性加固结构受力性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用钢管桁架加劲纵梁加固悬吊桥面系后,长(短)吊杆断裂时桥面系最大竖向位移与应力分别降低了1.30(1.31)和3.31(1.99)倍,与断裂吊杆相邻的吊杆的最大索力降低了1.25(1.25)倍;在弹塑性阶段,钢管桁架加劲纵梁加固结构的开孔钢板发生弯曲变形,横梁下排植筋破坏,达到极限荷载时,中间下侧加劲钢板与开孔钢板间的焊缝发生断裂,随后下弦管与开孔钢板间的焊缝出现开裂而丧失承载能力;精扎螺纹钢筋合理预紧力为50 kN,开孔钢板合理厚度为20 mm;开孔钢板的材质从Q235提高至Q345时加固结构极限荷载增加了11.9%,说明提高开孔钢板的材质强度可有效提高加固构造的极限承载力。综上所述,采用钢管桁架加劲纵梁加固中、下承式拱桥悬吊桥面系可有效增强其强健性。      

理想薄平板气动导数的人工神经网络识别

介绍一种用BP人工神经网络方法识别理想薄平板的气动导数的方法．通过构造BP网络，比较各种因素对识别结果的影响．数据处理方式对神经网络的训练结果影响很大．隐层单元数量、训练次数、随机赋值次数、样本数量等对训练结果也有影响，但影响较小．采用这种方法识别理想薄平板的气动导数是可行的，并且具有较高的精度．     

轴力变化对箱形钢柱抗震性能的影响

为探讨轴力变化对箱形钢柱抗震性能的影响机理,采用有限元法,对5种柱顶偏心变轴力加载模式下箱形钢柱的抗震性能进行了数值分析,探讨了轴力变化对箱形钢柱的荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性系数以及耗能能力的影响规律.研究结果表明:柱顶变轴力加载频率对箱形钢柱抗震性能的影响较大,轴力变化频率越大,构件的抗震性能越差;柱顶轴力的变化幅值越大,箱形钢柱的承载力退化越严重;箱形钢柱的壁板宽厚比越小,轴力变化对构件抗震性能的影响越大.因此制定大跨度空间结构中箱形钢柱的抗震措施时,应充分考虑轴力变化对箱形钢柱抗震性能的影响.      

Detecting shifted double JPEG compression tampering utilizing both intra-block and inter-block correlations

Copy-paste forgery is a very common type of forgery in JPEG images.The tampered patch has always suffered from JPEG compression twice with inconsistent block segmentation.This phenomenon in JPEG image forgeries is called the shifted double JPEG(SDJPEG) compression.Detection of SDJPEG compressed image patches can make crucial contribution to detect and locate the tampered region.However,the existing SDJPEG compression tampering detection methods cannot achieve satisfactory results especially when the tampered region is small.In this paper,an effective SDJPEG compression tampering detection method utilizing both intra-block and inter-block correlations is proposed.Statistical artifacts are left by the SDJPEG compression among the magnitudes of JPEG quantized discrete cosine transform(DCT) coefficients.Firstly,difference 2D arrays,which describe the differences between the magnitudes of neighboring JPEG quantized DCT coefficients on the intrablock and inter-block,are used to enhance the SDJPEG compression artifacts.Then,the thresholding technique is used to deal with these difference 2D arrays for reducing computational cost.After that,co-occurrence matrix is used to model these difference 2D arrays so as to take advantage of second-order statistics.All elements of these co-occurrence matrices are served as features for SDJPEG compression tampering detection.Finally,support vector machine(SVM) classifier is employed to distinguish the SDJPEG compressed image patches from the single JPEG compressed image patches using the developed feature set.Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.     

六肢钢管混凝土拱桥灌注顺序分析

以在建中的小河特大桥为实例,分析不同拱厚系数和管内灌注顺序对主拱圈变形和受力影响。利用ANSYS程序的APDL语言,编制了拱轴系数为0.316,0.7,1.0时5种不同灌注顺序的命令流。计算结果表明,灌注顺序对主拱变形和钢管应力影响不大;管内混凝土应力随灌注顺序的不同而不同;拱厚系数变化对小河特大桥的影响不显著。     

动静压轴承的计算分析与优化设计及应用实例

本文对球磨机动静压滑动轴承的压力分布进行有限元计算方法及结构参数进行了分析研究。结果表明 ,动静压滑动轴承能综合利用静压和动压轴承的优点。并且对磨机动静压主轴承的设计参数通过复合形法进行优化设计 ,编制了在满足等式和不等式约束条件下以单位承载力下的功率损耗最小为目标函数的通用 Visual Basic程序 ,以提供最佳设计数据 ,并对优化前后的数据进行比较、分析。结果表明 ,这是一种有效的方法。     

地震与滑坡碎屑流引发堰塞湖涌浪动水压力研究

为了研究堰塞湖水体在地震以及同震滑坡碎屑流共同作用下产生的涌浪动水压力,设计了振动台造波模型试验,开展了地震作用下堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验,获取单独地震作用下动水压力数据并同已有地震动水压力计算公式进行比较;开展了滑坡碎屑流作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验,获取单独滑坡碎屑流作用下动水压力数据,进而建立了计算滑坡碎屑流作用...     

轨道交通网络级联失效影响范围研究

轨道交通系统因多因素干扰引发客流集中、车站拥挤,并相继传播至周边车站,形成级联失效. 把握拥挤在轨道交通网络的传播范围,是减少交通突发事件影响的基础. 基于轨道交通拥挤传播机理分析,将物理结构、网络初始交通状态、客流量融合进耦合映像格子模型 (Coupled Map Lattice,CML)中,通过历史客流数据量化参数,构建轨道交通拥挤传播模型,展开3 种不同情景下拥挤传播过程分析. 实例验证结果表明,轨道交通车站的初始状态、耦合系数对拥挤传播影响显著,网络结构对拥挤传播范围的影响并不明显. 根据网络结构、初始值和耦合系数,可以掌握拥挤传播规模,识别拥挤车站的影响范围,有助于提高轨道交通系统的可靠性.