共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Peiman Alipour Sarvari Metin Celik Alp Ustundag Bilal Ervural 《Maritime Policy and Management》2019,46(4):410-435
Planning emergency evacuation operations in a proactive manner in public marine transportation systems is a critical success factor for passenger and crew safety. Despite the fact that there is a growing attention on safety issues for marine transportation systems, providing a real-time decision support for evacuation planning under different emergency conditions has not yet been addressed. In this context, this paper contributes to the related literature by providing a comprehensive methodology including simulation and statistical analysis along with a three-module decision support system (DSS) for ferryboat emergency evacuation. Emergency evacuation and fire environment are simulated via Maritime EXODUS V5.1 and SMARTFIRE V4.3, respectively. The methodology is applied to a real-life Ro-Ro ferry, and the results not only revealed significant factors on emergency evacuation performance, but also demonstrated the validity of the developed decision support system. 相似文献
2.
3.
Marine transportation is a vital component of the world’s economy and transportation network. The number of people using passenger ships around the globe is increasing worldwide. Similar to other transportation systems, passenger safety is critical in maritime shipment. As emergency evacuation processes for ships are highly different from and more complicated than those for buildings and other vehicles, many researchers have published a vast range of documents related to this peculiar research area. However, there is a tangible lack of sufficient literature review studies that investigate marine emergency evacuation (MEE). That being the case, the potential of marine transportation and the effect of emergency evacuation operation on life safety have inspired the proposal of this study. This paper offers a review of the available literature on MEE modelling, analysis and planning during the period from 1973 to 2017 using a systematic approach. After reviewing relevant academic journals, peer-reviewed conference papers, and technical reports of agencies, relevant literature is analysed. In addition, the literature review is extended by means of proposing a framework methodology which considers different possible conditions and situations during MEE. Finally, insights for ship managers and policymakers are discussed and potential future research directions are identified. 相似文献
4.
Fujio Kaneko 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2002,7(1):1-16
At the 62nd MSC conference (MSC62) in 1993, the UK proposed a new methodology for the consideration of safety regulations.
This method is called formal safety assessment (FSA). FSA is an application of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). Risk
is used as an index of safety. One of the most important parts of FSA is to evaluate the risk to a ship when it is equipped
with the safety measures recommended by the proposed safety regulations. The National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI, formerly
the Ship Research Institute) has been developing a method which allows the risk to be obtained holistically by utilizing a
scientific method. To obtain the risk, the probability and consequences of every accident must be evaluated. This paper examines
the following points: (a) a holistic methodology for risk evaluation; (b) a method used in the process of estimating the probability
of collision; (c) a method to reduce the numbers of fire escalation scenarios; (d) a trial risk evaluation of cabin fire.
Received: January 10, 2002 / Accepted: April 18, 2002 相似文献
5.
6.
A trial application of FSA methodology to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Formal safety assessment (FSA) is a formal, structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, property and marine environment, by using risk and cost–benefit assessments. For the application of this methodology to the rule-making process, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) presented the Interim Guidelines, which describe procedures of FSA and inputs/outputs of each procedure in detail. This paper basically deals with an application of FSA methodology according to the IMO's Interim Guidelines to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers, which was carried out as a cooperative research between Korean Register of Shipping and Seoul National University. As results of this application study, 18 hazards are identified and 32 risk control measures are devised to reduce the associated risks. Potential risks, costs and benefits when some Risk Control Options are introduced are evaluated in monetary unit of US $. Finally, some discussions and recommendations based on experiences are also given for both future work and better application of this FSA methodology to the rule-making process. 相似文献
7.
The comprehensive analysis presented in this paper investigates the links and comparative assets between human factor and
other factors that are important determinants of maritime transport risk. In this outline, the identification of factors,
such as age and ship size, that can be statistically linked (i.e. statistical significance) to whether an accident in a passenger
vessel can be attributed to human factor or other causes is addressed accordingly. This way, the role of human factor in relation
to safety of Greek coastal shipping is revealed and the spotlight is able to focus on the various aspects and points that
manifest the importance of human element in the maritime industry. The risk assessment of the transportation with Greek passenger
ships is being used in order for the safety level of Greek coastal shipping to be adequately estimated. Moreover, the comparison
between the values of risk for accidents caused by human factor and those attributed to other causes is an established way
to bring to the fore the unbroken relationship between the human factor and marine accidents’ consequences. The paper is concluded
with interesting insights and comments drafted through the aforementioned tasks. 相似文献
8.
传统的船舶交通风险分析是将研究水域作为一个整体来评估其风险状况的。基于蜂窝单元的船舶交通风险分析,把研究水域按一定标准划分为若干地理单元,将历史数据、数学模型以及专家学者的经验和判断有机地结合起来,用以评估每一地理单元船舶碰撞和搁浅事故的概率,其输出结果以地理分布的形式突出了高风险区域。相对于传统的风险分析,该理论更能够全面、准确地描述水域的风险状况,为采纳和实施正确的安全措施提供了强有力的支持。 相似文献
9.
Based on semistructured interviews (N = 7), informal interviewing (N = 63), and a survey (N = 790), this article describes the cultural models used by mid-Atlantic residents to understand Pfiesteria piscicida. A cultural model is a simplified way of understanding a complex system, shared by members of a culture. Eighty-eight percent of respondents understood Pfiesteria using one of four previously existing cultural models: a disease in fish, a parasite in fish, a water pollutant, and a toxin or poison. These models are not used by marine biologists, who are more likely to refer to Pfiesteria taxonomically or, in its fish killing form, to call it a predator. Our survey shows that the cultural model a respondent holds is correlated significantly with his or her believed pathway of human harm (e.g., eating fish versus swimming) and is correlated significantly but weakly with his or her behavioral responses. We conclude that existing cultural models, as the public has applied them to Pfiesteria, have led people to avoid a range of coastal activities and seafoods, in virtually all cases unnecessarily. Cultural models appear to explain public reaction better than previously hypothesized factors such as inaccurate media coverage. These findings suggest an approach to developing a pedagogical and communications strategy which could provide the public with a cultural model better matched to Pfiesteria. 相似文献
10.
ALEXANDER C. LANDSBURG LARRY AVERY ROBERT BEATON J. ROBERT BOST CARLOS COMPERATORE RAJIV KHANDPUR THOMAS B. MALONE CHRISTOPHER PARKER STEPHEN POPKIN THOMAS B. SHERIDAN 《Naval Engineers Journal》2008,120(1):77-107
This paper reviews developments in human factors and then draws from a number of "best practice" cases in studying how best to apply behavioral science principles, knowledge, and analytical tools to the engineering design or improvement of systems. Government and other commercial experiences are examined with a focus on the Navy human system integration (HSI) process. Included are discussions facilitated at a workshop session sponsored by the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. There is general consensus that in addition to using a well-designed or proven process and doing the right things, success is dependent upon attending to a prioritized short list of critical elements. Continued focus on these elements is necessary to successfully apply human behavioral sciences effectively during design, construction, and operation of systems to improve safety, reliability, effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of life. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
In this feasibility study, we investigate the viability of using Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fuel in an open type Ro-Ro passenger ferry and the associated potential challenges with regard to the vessel safety systems. We recommend an appropriate methodology for converting existing ships to run on LNG fuel, discuss all the necessary modifications to the ship’s safety systems, and also evaluate the relevant ship evacuation procedures. We outline the basic requirements with which the ship already complies for each safety system and analyze the additional restrictions that must be taken into consideration for the use of LNG fuel. Appropriate actions are recommended. Furthermore, we carry out a hazard identification study. Overall, we clearly demonstrate the technical feasibility of the investigated scenario. Minimal modifications to the ship’s safety systems are required to comply with existing safety rules for this specific type of ship. 相似文献
15.
《船舶与海洋工程学报》2016,(4)
In this feasibility study, we investigate the viability of using Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) fuel in an open type Ro-Ro passenger ferry and the associated potential challenges with regard to the vessel safety systems. We recommend an appropriate methodology for converting existing ships to run on LNG fuel, discuss all the necessary modifications to the ship's safety systems, and also evaluate the relevant ship evacuation procedures. We outline the basic requirements with which the ship already complies for each safety system and analyze the additional restrictions that must be taken into consideration for the use of LNG fuel. Appropriate actions are recommended. Furthermore, we carry out a hazard identification study. Overall, we clearly demonstrate the technical feasibility of the investigated scenario. Minimal modifications to the ship's safety systems are required to comply with existing safety rules for this specific type of ship. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
ABSTRACTRisk assessment in maritime domain is one of the most cited topics since maritime transportation poses potential hazard for human life, marine environment and property. To mitigate risk and enhance safety awareness in maritime transportation, safety researchers have been seeking proactive solutions. This article prompts a quantitative risk-based approach combining interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to perform a comprehensive risk analysis. Thus, potential failure modes and their effects are revealed by calculating risk prioritisation numbers (RPNs). Whilst the FMEA method provides a robust risk analysing tool with relevant control options, the IT2FSs deals with ambiguity and vagueness of linguistic assessment of decision-makers through the FMEA. Hence, expert’s linguistic assessment in risk assessment can be transformed into useful information in terms of enhancing safety and pollution prevention in maritime industry. To demonstrate the proposed approach, potential failures and effects of a real shipboard oil spill case are handled. The findings show that incomplete information exchanged with local maritime authorities, malfunction of oil skimmer and poor organization of shoreline clean-up team are the most important failures during case of oil spill. The proposed approach provides not only theoretical insight into the maritime transportation industry but also practical contributions to chemical/oil tanker safety and environmental protection by mitigating risk in terms of technical or operational aspects. 相似文献
19.