基于ANSYS的平台生活楼波纹板结构数值分析

考虑到平台生活楼按框架式设计时,与四周的柱和梁可靠连接的波纹板结构也可在一定程度上提供刚度,从而提高结构承载力,结合现有平台生活楼结构设计资料,选取一定跨度、高度和波纹尺寸的波纹板结构及一定尺寸的柱梁框架结构,利用ANSYS软件得到波纹板结构在2种不同外力作用形式下对四周柱梁框架的刚度、强度贡献和自身应力分布情况,分析波纹板在轴压和剪力作用下的弹塑性屈曲特性,为改进现有生活楼结构计算模式,优化生活楼结构设计提供参考。     

舰载方舱侧壁结构设计

针对舰载方舱侧壁结构的设计任务,进行设计需求分析,明确影响侧壁结构设计的主要因素。将方舱等效为上层建筑,采用规范计算得到侧壁设计载荷;对比分析加筋板和波纹板2种结构型式的结构强度、刚度、固有频率等方面的差异;对波纹板型式,探讨波纹深度、波纹面板宽度,以及腹板与面板夹角等参数对结构性能的影响。结果表明,在相同重量下,波纹板的结构性能较加筋板优;波纹板相关参数的选取应权衡多方面因素来考虑。     

基于裂纹扩展的海洋平台疲劳可靠性分析

文章基于裂纹疲劳基本理论,针对在役导管架平台出现初始裂纹状态下结构承载力进行分析,考虑结构损伤与腐蚀等因素,建立了典型导管架平台整体结构模型和局部子模型,分析了在该工况下平台整体结构的疲劳强度,并确定了平台结构的疲劳关键部位。采用几何应力外插法计算了热点应力,基于疲劳裂纹扩展的疲劳分析方法,计算了疲劳关键节点的疲劳寿命与疲劳可靠度。该方法能够为海洋平台结构的维护和保养提供一定参考。     

考虑平台—群桩—水流—土体相互作用的导管架式海洋平台振动特性研究

文章分别采用平台—群桩—水流—土体相互作用模型和考虑附加水质量的等效桩模型,对三维平台结构在地震作用下的响应结果进行了比较研究。研究表明,等效桩模型的动力响应结果要大于考虑平台—群桩—水流—土体相互作用模型。分别采用平台—群桩—水流—土体相互作用的三维分析模型和简化模型计算平台的固有频率,通过比较两种模型的计算结果,对简化模型进行了频率修正,提出修正系数关系曲线。这种方法节省计算时间,提高计算精度,可为海洋平台的振动特性计算提供参考。     

深水立管法兰接头的有限元分析

针对深水立管法兰式接头,提出一种确定螺栓预紧力的方法,并采用有限元法对其进行了强度分析。考虑到接头的几何不对称性,采用三维整体建模,通过ANSYS软件的预紧单元模拟螺栓的预紧行为,使用接触单元模拟各部件之间的相互作用。按照API规范对接头的等效膜应力、等效弯曲应力与许用应力进行校核。在接头整体分析的基础上,建立螺纹的二维轴对称模型,进行局部应力分析。计算中使用参数建模法,法兰接头、螺纹的几何尺寸、材料性质和载荷等均可方便地更改。     

基于边界等效源的舰艇磁异常推算技术研究

用等效源法实现舰艇磁异常推算通常将等效源置于舰艇所占空间内,其位置分布参数常依赖人为经验确定,从而直接影响了等效源法在舰艇磁异常推算中的通用性。针对该问题,从边界积分理论及等效原理出发,分别建立了以边界单层源、双层源和混合源为未知量的边界等效源舰艇磁异常推算模型。与应用于舰艇磁场建模中传统等效源法相比,其等效源只需分布于边界面上,从而大大降低了人为因素的影响。基于磁场测量值来求解边界等效源磁性参数属磁场逆问题,磁场测量数据中信息量的不足通常使其表现出一定的病态性。为减小测量误差等因素对计算结果的影响,应用截断奇异值分解方法对模型进行了求解,并分析了所用磁场数据类型对建模的影响;采用数值算例和船模实验对边界等效源舰艇磁异常模型进行了分析比较。结果表明,基于截断奇异值分解方法求解的边界等效源舰艇磁异常模型,可有效克服传统等效源法在舰艇磁异常建模中的不足,推算结果令人满意。     

海洋钻井平台生活楼电气系统改造

为解决“勘探4号”半潜式海洋钻井平台生活楼存在的设备故障频发、结构及管路腐蚀严重和住舱装修老旧等问题,对该平台的生活楼进行整体割除、更换。结合该工程,探讨生活楼电气系统的特点、组成、改造重点和难点,并对提高改造效率和降低改造所需人工成本的方法进行分析,供同类项目的开展参考。     

自升式海洋平台结构可靠性分析

根据S igurdsson等人提出的可靠度计算公式,采用等效荷载法建立自升式平台的结构极限状态方程,运用JC法计算了平台结构的系统可靠性指标,提出了平台系统的失效评判准则,并对在平台可靠度设计中应考虑的问题进行了探讨。     

波纹板舱壁制荡方法研究

制荡新方法的研究是大型液货船开发的一个关键问题。该文基于商业代码FLUENT对竖直波纹板舱壁在低液深共振状态下液舱晃荡进行模拟,研究了波纹板参数对晃荡行为的影响,通过分析关键位置的晃荡压力及自由液面波高演化,探究竖直波纹板的制荡机理,并将其结果与竖直平板舱壁的结果进行对比分析。结果表明：竖直波纹板的制荡效果优于竖直平板。     

基于人工蜂群算法和有限元强度计算的集装箱船剖面结构优化

[目的]现有基于有限元强度计算的结构优化研究大多采用改写单元节点信息文件来实现参数化建模的方法,为解决在船体剖面结构优化过程中难以考虑型材数量变化的问题,提出一种基于参数化几何建模分析和人工蜂群（ABC）算法的船舯剖面结构优化方法。[方法]首先,在Matlab平台编写蜂群算法,并基于ABAQUS内核语言Python建立能够在其CAE模块中生成几何模型的脚本文件;其次,建立能够提交有限元计算和读取结果的Python脚本文件,通过将算法每次生成的解改写到脚本对应位置完成几何模型的更新,后台调用ABAQUS并依次运行脚本文件;最后,将计算结果返回到Matlab平台中进行校核,完成参数化几何建模与有限元分析。[结果]以4 600 TEU集装箱船在总纵弯矩作用下的舱段剖面结构优化为例验证了该方法的可行性,得到集装箱船舱段结构减重达18.7%。[结论]经对比分析,在设定条件下基于有限元的优化方法比基于规范的优化方法更加充分。     

大直径钢波纹管涵有限元计算分析

通过对3种不同直径及不同壁厚的钢波纹管涵对应不同的填土高度进行有限元计算,得出钢波纹管涵最大等效应力、最大竖向变形随填土高度的变化情况,分析了钢波纹管涵及周边土体的等效应力分布规律。     

船上含敷料板与加筋结构的固有振动特性研究

本文对含敷料板的低阶模态振动特性进行了研究,将敷料与基板处理为层合板模型,采用基于Mindlin假设的4节点板单元对含敷料结构进行数值模拟,得到系统固有振动特性.为了研究敷料结构系统固有频率的合适计算方法,构造了不同基板厚度和不同敷料厚度,分别采用层合模型和敷料层等效质量的简化方法进行了结果对比.在相应计算例题中,对3种基板厚度和5种敷料层厚度共计15个敷料铺层试件进行了振动测量,并与数值模拟结果进行对比.针对不同铺设厚度的敷料板与加筋板,分别采用敷料质量等效模型和层合板模型,给出了不同计算模型的振动特性计算误差,为工程上选择敷料层振动特征计算方法提供了依据.     

双层水平板式防波堤结构箱型水平板研究

双层水平板式防波堤是一种新型的水工结构物,采用上下两层水平板达到消浪、透水的目的.本文研究的水平板采用钢制箱型板结构.根据物理模型试验测定的波浪荷载,应用ANSYS有限元软件,分别探讨不同支承形式、钢板厚度、H型钢加劲肋个数和型号等因素对水平板应力和变形的影响,并与传统计算方法相比较,为双层水平板式防波堤的结构设计及工程应用提供参考.     

Hydroelastic analysis of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type VLFS edged with dual inclined perforated plates

The fluid-structure interaction of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) edged with dual horizontal/inclined perforated plates has been investigated in the context of the direct time domain modal expansion theory. For the hydroelastic analysis, the boundary element method (BEM) based on time domain Kelvin sources is implemented to establish water wave model including the viscous effect of the perforated plates through the Darcy’s law, and the finite element method (FEM) is adopted for solving the deflections of the VLFS modeled as an equivalent Mindlin thick plate. In order to enhance the computing efficiency, the interpolation-tabulation scheme is applied to assess rapidly and accurately the free-surface Green function and its partial derivatives in finite water depth, and the boundary integral equation of a half or quarter VLFS model is further established taking advantage of symmetry of flow field and structure. Also, the numerical solutions are validated against a series of experimental tests. In the comparison, the empirical relationship between the actual porosity and porous parameter is successfully applied. Numerical solutions and model tests are executed to determine the hydroelastic response characteristics of VLFS with an attached anti-motion device. This study examines the effects of porosity, submerged depth, inclined angle and gap distance of such dual perforated anti-motion plates on the hydroelastic response to provide information regarding the optimal design. The effects of oblique wave angle on the performance of anti-motion and hydroelastic behavior of VLFS are also emphatically examined.     

船用板式换热器混合板片热力性能实验研究

以人字形板式换热器板片为研究对象,测试单相流体在三种不同组合方式的板式换热器中的换热特性和阻力特性并对此进行比较,得出三种组合方式的优劣。实验结果表明:随着波纹角度的增加,板式换热器的阻力特性不断升高,换热性能则先增加再逐渐下降。综合板式换热器流动换热特性随流速的变化规律,小波纹倾角模型换热效果最差,但其压损最小;大波纹倾角模型换热效果最好,同时压力损失最大;混合板片模型换热效果和压降都介于小波纹倾角模型和大波纹倾角模型中间。     

单向加筋板低频振动的简化建模精度影响因素

针对典型单向加筋板结构的低频振动问题,基于薄板弯曲理论,得到等效正交异性板计算公式,通过与有限元计算结果比较验证计算公式的正确性。分析质量等效、弯曲刚度等效与结构参数对简化方法精度的影响规律,并通过附加弯曲刚度比对筋条截面高度、筋条数量和基板厚度等3项结构参数进行定量比较分析,对简化方法的适用范围产生量化认识,为加筋板简化建模的应用场景提供参考性建议。     

Time-domain numerical and experimental analysis of hydroelastic response of a very large floating structure edged with a pair of submerged horizontal plates

This paper is concerned with the hydroelastic problem of a pontoon-type, very large floating structure (VLFS) edged with the perforated plates, non-perforated plates or their combination anti-motion device both numerically and experimentally. A direct time domain modal expansion method, taking amount of the time domain Kelvin sources in hydrodynamic forces, in which the fluid flows across the perforated anti-motion plate by applying the Darcy's law, is applied to the fluid–structure interaction problem. A quarter of numerical model is built based on the symmetry of flow field and structure in hydrodynamic forces, and special care is paid to the rapid and accurate evaluation of time domain free-surface Green functions and its spatial derivatives in finite water depth by using interpolation–tabulation method. Using the developed numerical tools and the model tests conducted in a wave basin, the response-reduction efficiency of the perforated plates is systematically assessed for various wave and anti-motion plate parameters, such as plate width, porosity and submergence depth. As a result of the parametric study, the porosity 0.11 is selected as the optimal porosity, and the relationship between the porosity and the porous parameter is developed by using the least-squares fitting scheme. After simulation and verification, the dual anti-motion plates which are the perforated-impermeable-plate combination attached to the fore-end and back-end of the VLFS, are designed for more wave energy dissipation and added damping. Considering variation of the water depths in offshore, discussion on the effectiveness of these anti-motion devices at different water depths is highlighted.     

Benchmark study on slamming response of flat-stiffened plates considering fluid-structure interaction

This paper presents a benchmark study on the slamming responses of offshore structures’ flat-stiffened plates. The objective was to compare the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation methodologies, modeling techniques, and established researchers' experiences in predicting slamming pressure. Three research groups employing the most common commercial software packages for numerical FSI simulations (i.e. LS-Dyna ALE, LS-Dyna ICFD, ANSYS CFX, and Star-CCM+/ABAQUS) participated in this study. Wet drop test data on flat-stiffened aluminum plates of light-ship-like bottom structures available in the open literature was utilized for validation of the FSI modeling. A summary of the experimental conditions including the geometry model and material properties, was distributed to the participants prior to their simulations. A parametric study on flat-stiffened steel plates having actual scantlings used in marine installations was performed to investigate the effect of impact velocity and plate rigidity on slamming response. The FE simulation results for the total vertical forces acting on the stiffened plates and their structural responses to those forces, as obtained from the participants, were analyzed and compared. The reliable and accurate predictions of slamming loads using the aforementioned commercial FSI software packages were evaluated. Additionally, equivalent static slamming pressures resulting in the same permanent deflections, as observed from the FSI simulations, were reported and compared with analytical models proposed by the Classification Standards DNV and existing experimental data for calculation of the slamming pressure. The study results showed that the equivalent load model depends on the water impact velocity and plate rigidity; that is, the equivalent static pressure coefficient decreases with an increase in impact velocity, and increases when impacting structures become stiffer.     

对玻璃钢积层板和夹层板公式的探讨

在《玻璃纤维增强塑料渔业船舶建造规范》2008中,积层板及夹层板蒙皮厚度计算公式中的设计衡准参数存在理论缺陷,夹层板厚度计算公式不能充分体现夹层板各组分力学性能与彼此厚度之间的匹配关系。鉴于此,笔者依据复合梁原理,将积层板视为夹层板特例,提出积层板与夹层板的统一公式。此公式虽较各向异性板的弹性力学求解法粗略,但仍能体现夹层板各组分力学性能与厚度的匹配关系。经算例计算,统一公式计算值与LR《特规》相当接近,因此统一公式可用于玻璃钢船体设计。     

Plastic deformation of ship plate subjected to repeated patch loads at different locations - Elastoplastic numerical analysis and design equation

Ship structures may be subjected to repeated random patch loads at different locations. Under these circumstances, ship plates will have large accumulated permanent deformations, which will result in some serious negative effects on their work and safety performance. Therefore, the elasto-plastic response of ship structure under repeated patch loads at different locations are studied by using finite element method. The permanent deformations of plate in the whole loading and unloading process are investigated. In addition, the residual stress and plastic strain states of the panel and stiffeners are studied based on a typical wheel-on-deck interaction scenario. Moreover, according to Hughes's hypothesis, the equivalent method between repeated patch loads at different locations and full uniform pressure load is studied. Considered the influence of plate slenderness, the improved formula for equivalent load coefficient is proposed, showing a good correlation with experimental data and numerical results. The proposed equivalent method can be used for estimating the permanent deformations of ship structures under repeated patch loads at different locations in ship life.