基于ArcGIS的空间目标区域最优分析

论文利用地理信息系统空间分析方法以及ArcGIS中的缓冲区分析和叠合分析,结合实际应用,给出了基于ArcGIS的空间区域的评价方法,并通过实验可以直观、清晰地获取某区域的适宜性情况,对区域进行分等定级,可以筛选出满足条件的最优空间目标区域。     

ArcGIS在无资料地区水能资源调查评估中的应用

无资料地区的水能资源评估规划一直是个难题。文中引入了ArcGIS序列软件及其水文分析模块arcHydro,分别就水文分析模拟的应用计算成果及误差进行了分析,然后通过实例说明ArcGIS在水能资源调查评估中的应用。结果表明,基于DEM及ArcGIS水文分析功能的水能资源调查评估在无资料或少资料地区可行,且具有一定的精度,同时效率高,成本较低。     

舰艇航路规划系统研究

舰艇航路规划日趋复杂,规划过程涉及大量的海洋环境数据,为了有效地利用海洋信息提高航路规划效率,设计了基于ArcGIS平台的舰艇航路规划系统。建立舰艇航路规划空间分析模型数据库,依托ArcGIS平台的空间分析能力解决地理空间中的舰艇航路规划问题。介绍了舰艇航路规划系统的层次结构、组成、数据库以及模块功能,并给出了水下舰艇三维航路规划技术的实现思路和方法。系统可根据航行任务为多型舰艇制定航行计划,有利于提高舰艇航行的安全性和隐蔽性。     

较厚抛石棱体区域桩基受力分析

较厚抛石棱体区域建设的高桩码头结构,按照传统平面模式计算桩基受力可能会存在不安全因素,建议按照空间整体设计模式,考虑变形影响分析接岸结构区域桩基的内力,以确保接岸结构区域码头桩基使用期的安全。     

组件式GIS空间查询与分析包的设计与实现

在组件式技术成熟和空间查询语言规范化的今天,越来越多的GIS系统不再满足于现有的空间查询与分析能力。组件式GIS空间查询分析开发包?S-GIS的Queries包提供了一组API接口可供GIS系统二次开发人员使用。该组件包提供一个轻量级的SQL解释器来对内存中要进行查询的SQL语句进行解释执行。本文介绍了Queries包的特色,并且将它与Oracle10g,ArcGIS等软件的空间查询部分做了一些简单比较。     

舟山海域油品码头布局与溢油风险评估

提出了一个基于不确定性分析理论的区域油品码头空间布局的溢油风险模拟与评估方法。该方法可系统分析沿海区域油品码头空间布局及其产生的海域溢油风险的空间分布规律,能够满足我国当前近海高强度开发形势下战略环评和环境风险评估的技术需求。以舟山海域为研究对象,通过油品码头布局模型和不确定性分析,对舟山海域进行综合溢油风险评估,结果表明该方法可以用于综合评估某一海区的溢油风险水平;基于溢油风险概率和污染损害的时空分布,依据风险值集中度最大及风险总值最小的原则,能够实现多种码头布局方案下的海域溢油风险水平的综合比较,并得到最优油品码头布局方案。     

ArcGIS在葛洲坝枢纽土方计算中的应用

本文将ArcGIS技术应用于葛洲坝枢纽工程土石方量计算中,通过对ArcGIS技术的分析,介绍了其在土方量计算中的应用过程,并通过工程实例将该方法与南方CASS计算土石方量方法的技术特点进行对比分析,指出采用ArcGIS技术的土石方量计算方法具有的技术优势。     

基于GIS的易门恐龙化石遗迹保护区定界研究

以化石遗迹空间分布为导向,综合考虑遗迹的景观质量、当地经济发展需求等因素,对易门恐龙化石遗迹保护区进行定界研究。本文通过用ArcGIS10.0实现对化石遗迹点的空间分布模式及特征的分析。发现区域内地质遗迹的分布呈现聚集模式,特别在200 m的观测区间内,地质遗迹聚集程度愈发明显。考虑到当地经济发展的需要和研究地区内其他方面的规划,最终划定遗迹保护区界限范围。     

基于ArcGIS产品数据库的批量属性修复工具在电子航道图数据生产中的应用研究

电子航道图产品数据通常需要以shp.格式进行数据交换,在数据交换过程中形成了冗余的要素属性值,破坏了空间数据库的完整性。同时相关保密信息也需要进行保密技术处理。本工具针对以上问题,基于ArcGIS产品数据库,利用ArcObject组件在ArcGIS平台上封装算法程序,通过ADO.NET解决了基于产品数据库进行要素批量修复的问题,提高了数据生产的效率和质量。     

不规则小空间火灾温度分布规律研究

采用实验建模的方法,对不规则小空间温度分布规律进行了研究;研究表明,这类空间危险高,空间顶棚的温度可能在几秒钟达到几百度的高温,且在几十秒后,整个空间都将处于高温环境之下,最低温度也在100℃之上;同时研究还表明,这类火灾的高温区域首先出现在空间顶棚和侧部墙壁,这对小空间火灾消防提供了参考依据。     

基于GIS空间分析的抛石护岸工程水下抛石效果评价

抛石护岸工程水下抛石效果评价是工程水下质量控制的重点和难点。准确掌握和分析工程水下质量状况,对确保抛石护岸的施工质量起到了重要作用。GIS(地理信息系统)技术拥有强大的空间数据处理与分析能力,可用于对水下抛石效果进行多维度的定性与定量分析。分析结果可以准确评价施工质量、精准指导下一阶段施工、降低施工成本。通过对3个试验区的分析,总结出一般施工规律:1)由于工程区上游起始处以及下游深水侧容易产生冲刷,抛石效果较差。2)工程区中部及近岸区抛石效果较好,但容易过抛。     

厦门湾悬沙分布的多时相遥感分析

利用厦门湾地区多时相遥感图像反演出表层悬沙浓度分布图,进而定性分析不同径流和潮流下悬沙分布规律。研究表明,九龙江河口湾为该地区悬沙浓度最高的区域,分布上具有"西高东低"的特征。全湾悬沙来源主要为两部分:径流来沙以及波浪和潮流掀沙。潮流运动是泥沙输送的主要动力,由于弗劳德数分布不同而引起的潮流挟沙力空间差异,是影响厦门湾悬沙分布的主导因素。利用实测泥沙资料将不同时相下瞬时悬沙浓度转换为全潮平均悬沙浓度以进行定量分析,结果表明悬沙浓度具有大潮大于小潮,枯季大于洪季的特征。     

基于ANSYS的船用内曲线径向球塞式液压马达转子体结构特性分析

船用内曲线径向球塞式低速大转矩液压马达转子体是液压马达动力输出的核心构件,转子体的结构设计不仅要满足结构静力学强度、刚度条件,也要满足一定的动态性能要求。通过ANSYS软件对其结构进行有限元分析,可以得到液压马达转子体的结构应力、形变量、固有频率、振型及相对位移分布。分析结果可作为转子体优化设计的参考数据,并结合样机试验验证,通过合理的机构优化使转子体避开共振频率区域,从而提高转子体的可靠性和使用寿命。     

空间分析方法在航线设计和航路监视中的应用

探讨在电子海图中，使用GIS空间分析函数自动判断计划航线的偏航极限范围内是否存在危险点、线、面的方法，为航线设计起决策参考，在航行过程中，起实时航路监视作用。     

Long-term sea surface temperature baselines—time series, spatial covariation and implications for biological processes

Coastal areas such as estuaries, bays and fjords usually have hydrographic characteristics (e.g., temperature, salinity) which differ from those at larger spatial scales and in offshore areas. The differences can arise if the areas are subject to different climatic forcing or if they are relatively isolated from each other due to topographic and ocean circulation features which inhibit advective inputs of water mass properties. Local differences in hydrographic conditions can therefore potentially limit the applicability of existing long time series of coastally monitored temperatures for addressing questions at large spatial scales, such as the response of species distributions and phenologies to climate change. In this study we investigate the spatial synchrony of long-term sea surface temperatures in the North Sea–Baltic Sea region as measured daily at four coastal sites (Marsdiep, Netherlands; Torungen, Norway; Skagens Reef, Denmark; and Christiansø, Denmark) and in several large offshore areas. All time series, including two series reconstructed and intercalibrated for this study (Skagens Reef and Christiansø, Denmark), began during 1861–1880 and continue until at least 2001. Temperatures at coastal sites co-varied strongly with each other and with opportunistically measured offshore temperatures despite separation distances between measuring locations of 20–1200 km. This covariance is probably due to the influence of large-scale atmospheric processes on regional temperatures and is consistent with the known correlation radius of atmospheric fluctuations (ca. 1000 km). Differences (e. g, long-term trends, amplitude of seasonal variations) between coastal temperatures and those measured in adjacent offshore areas varied nonrandomly over time and were often significantly autocorrelated up to 2 years. These differences suggest that spatial variations in physical oceanographic phenomena and sampling heterogeneities associated with opportunistic sampling could affect perceptions of biological responses to temperature fluctuations. The documentation that the coastally measured temperatures co-vary with those measured opportunistically in offshore areas suggests that the coastal data, which have been measured daily using standardized methods and instruments, contain much of the variability seen at larger spatial scales. We conclude that both types of time series can facilitate assessments of how species and ecosystems have responded to past temperature changes and how they may react to future temperature changes.     

On the evaluation of a public transportation network quality: Criteria validation methodology

A public transportation network serves in adequate way a population if it evolves in time following the existent social reality. Changes made in order to improve service must be analyzed and evaluated. The introduction of modern technology to validate the fare card allowed a quick access to important, although incomplete, data. Databases with only the getting in validation information can be used to construct an origin–destination (OD) matrix, allowing a service quality analysis. Here it is presented a basic methodology to rigorously validate service quality criteria considering what might be interesting for the user. The quality analysis philosophy is the following. First, based on automatically gathered data, one reconstructs the origin–destination (OD) matrix, which contains information concerning the number of passengers traveling between zones of a certain region. The OD matrix is used to calculate some criteria characterizing the transportation network quality, such as traveling times, waiting times at a stop or transport occupation. The reconstructed OD matrix always contains errors, which cause errors in the criteria values. How significant are these errors? This question can be answered using our criteria validating methodology, which is based on statistical analysis. It has been implemented at the urban bus transport system of Porto, STCP, allowing the evaluation of the transportation network quality under a number of criteria and guaranteeing rigorous results.