共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对在复杂工况及不确定扰动下主动后轮转向系统角度高精度跟踪控制及抗干扰问题,首先采用可调长度电控束角杆的主动后轮转向机构实现主动后轮转向动作,并对该系统建立其非线性动力学模型。然后,基于动力学模型分析设计主动后轮转角改进自抗扰跟踪控制方法,利用扩张状态观测器对外部和内部扰动进行观测并将扰动补偿到控制器中,以实现高精度角度控制和抗干扰能力。最后,通过试验证明,本文中采用的可调长度电控束角杆转向机构以及改进自抗扰跟踪控制方法能在不确定负载扰动下实现较高精度的角度跟踪控制,并与常规PID控制相比,改进自抗扰控制方法具有较强的鲁棒性和抗干扰性。 相似文献
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汽车电子转向技术发展与展望 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
汽车电子转向系统是一种全新概念的转向系统,其取消了转向盘和转向车之间的机械连接,通过软件协调它们之间的运动关系,可以实现一系列传统转向系统无法实现的特殊功能。它可以实现传动比的任意设置,并对随车速变化的参数进行补偿。并且可以和ABS、汽车动力学控制、防碰撞、单个车轮转向、轨道跟踪、自动侧向导航等功能相结合,实现对汽车的整体控制。综述了国外汽车电子转向技术的研究现状,介绍了电子转向系统的结构及性能特点,阐述了电子转向系统的关键技术、主要问题及解决方法,并展望了电子转向系统的发展趋势。 相似文献
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为了提高分布式无人车轨迹跟踪的精度,提出了基于自主与差动协调转向控制的轨迹跟踪方法。首先,在车辆三自由度模型基础上,基于模型预测控制(MPC)实时计算前轮转角以控制车辆进行自主转向轨迹跟踪。在此过程中,为了提高自主转向下车辆的轨迹跟踪精度与行驶的稳定性,考虑多种因素,利用经验公式及神经网络控制对MPC的预瞄步数和预瞄步长进行多参数调整,实现预瞄时间的自适应控制。其次,在恒转矩需求的情况下,以轨迹偏差为PID控制器的输入及左右轮毂电机转矩为输出进行差动转向控制,实现了差动转向下的轨迹跟踪控制。然后,通过设置权重系数的方法将自主与差动转向相结合。考虑到车辆横纵向动力学因素,采用模糊控制及经验公式对权重系数进行了调整,从而在提高车辆转向灵活性与轨迹跟踪效果的同时保证车辆行驶的稳定性。CarSim与Simulink联合仿真以及实车试验结果表明:与自主转向轨迹跟踪相比,采用变权重系数的协调控制可以在不同的工况下提高车辆的转向灵活性与轨迹跟踪的精度,轨迹跟踪偏差的均方根值改善率达到了11%。所提出的协调转向控制方法可为分布式驱动车辆转向灵活性的提高及轨迹跟踪精度的改善提供一种新的思路。 相似文献
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针对轮毂电机分布式驱动越野车辆在狭小空间快速机动的需求,设计了一种分层结构的原地转向控制策略。基于动力学原理分析了各轮载荷、附着条件对原地转向横摆速度的影响机理,并搭建原地转向运动学模型,上层采用模型预测控制算法设计原地转向理想轨迹以及期望的横摆角速度,开发基于PI滑模控制的横摆运动跟踪算法,通过补偿转向横摆力矩以提高方向角控制的鲁棒性和稳定性,下层以最优轮胎利用率为目标,设计二次规划算法优化分配各轮附加横摆力矩。dSPACE硬件在环测试结果表明,所提出的控制算法可在保证稳定性的前提下实现原地转向,大幅提高了车辆的转向机动性,在方向盘动态输入仿真中,车辆最大转弯半径为0.157 m,转向中心的最大偏移量为3.610 m;同时,驾驶员能对转向过程进行闭环控制,实现了原地转向过程中横摆速度的实时调节。 相似文献
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针对线控四轮转向车辆,提出了一种基于指数趋近率的模糊滑模四轮转向控制方法。设计了以车辆方向盘转角为系统输入,车辆前、后轮转向角为输出的模糊滑模控制策略,通过跟踪预设的二自由度车辆理想转向状态,使实际转向状态趋近于理想转向状态。通过设计模糊控制器,降低了滑模控制过程中的抖振现象。最后通过三种不同工况进行滑模控制效果的一致性和鲁棒性验证。结果表明,该控制方法具有较好的瞬态响应特性,并且在一定界限的干扰下保证车辆运行状态不发生巨大变化。 相似文献
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为实现商用车线控转向,设计一套新的线控转向系统架构及其转角跟踪控制算法。新的线控转向系统采用丝杠螺母结构中的丝杠直接控制纵拉杆,螺母通过带轮机构被电机驱动。对线控转向系统结构进行运动学分析,推导转向系统可变传动比,采用前轮转角为状态变量,建立线控转向系统二阶动力学模型。基于转角跟踪目标,采用反步控制算法,设计线控转向系统转角跟踪控制器,通过反馈系统线性化处理系统参数不确定和环境干扰问题,实现准确的目标转角跟踪,并建立李雅普诺夫函数,证明了采用反步控制的线控转向系统是渐进稳定的。搭建采用“丝杠螺母+带轮机构”架构的线控转向实车底盘测试台架,选取蛇形和混合工况进行控制算法验证。研究结果表明:与滑模控制算法的测试结果对比可知,反步控制算法绝对平均跟踪误差值降低了71.88%~79.57%,跟踪误差标准偏差值降低了71.32%~78.50%;线控转向系统反步控制转角跟踪算法能够减少系统收敛到原点的时间,抑制系统的抖振,提高车辆线控转向系统转角跟踪的操纵灵活性。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(12):1149-1168
Vehicle steering dynamics show resonances, which depend on the longitudinal speed, unstable equilibrium points and limited stability regions depending on the constant steering wheel angle, longitudinal speed and car parameters. The main contribution of this paper is to show that a combined decentralized proportional active front steering control and proportional-integral active rear steering control from the yaw rate tracking error can assign the eigenvalues of the linearised single track steering dynamics, without lateral speed measurements, using a standard single track car model with nonlinear tire characteristics and a non-linear first-order reference model for the yaw rate dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input. By choosing a suitable nonlinear reference model it is shown that the responses to driver step inputs tend to zero (or reduced) lateral speed for any value of longitudinal speed: in this case the resulting controlled vehicle static gain from driver input to yaw rate differs from the uncontrolled one at higher speed. The closed loop system shows the advantages of both active front and rear steering control: higher controllability, enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate dynamics, suppressed resonances, new stable cornering manoeuvres, enlarged stability regions, reduced lateral speed and improved manoeuvrability; in addition comfort is improved since the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate is reduced. For the designed control law a robustness analysis is presented with respect to system failures, driver step inputs and critical car parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and front and rear cornering stiffness coefficients. Several simulations are carried out on a higher order experimentally validated nonlinear dynamical model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics. 相似文献
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Riccardo Marino Stefano Scalzi Fabio Cinili 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(12):1149-1168
Vehicle steering dynamics show resonances, which depend on the longitudinal speed, unstable equilibrium points and limited stability regions depending on the constant steering wheel angle, longitudinal speed and car parameters.
The main contribution of this paper is to show that a combined decentralized proportional active front steering control and proportional-integral active rear steering control from the yaw rate tracking error can assign the eigenvalues of the linearised single track steering dynamics, without lateral speed measurements, using a standard single track car model with nonlinear tire characteristics and a non-linear first-order reference model for the yaw rate dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input. By choosing a suitable nonlinear reference model it is shown that the responses to driver step inputs tend to zero (or reduced) lateral speed for any value of longitudinal speed: in this case the resulting controlled vehicle static gain from driver input to yaw rate differs from the uncontrolled one at higher speed. The closed loop system shows the advantages of both active front and rear steering control: higher controllability, enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate dynamics, suppressed resonances, new stable cornering manoeuvres, enlarged stability regions, reduced lateral speed and improved manoeuvrability; in addition comfort is improved since the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate is reduced.
For the designed control law a robustness analysis is presented with respect to system failures, driver step inputs and critical car parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and front and rear cornering stiffness coefficients. Several simulations are carried out on a higher order experimentally validated nonlinear dynamical model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics. 相似文献
The main contribution of this paper is to show that a combined decentralized proportional active front steering control and proportional-integral active rear steering control from the yaw rate tracking error can assign the eigenvalues of the linearised single track steering dynamics, without lateral speed measurements, using a standard single track car model with nonlinear tire characteristics and a non-linear first-order reference model for the yaw rate dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input. By choosing a suitable nonlinear reference model it is shown that the responses to driver step inputs tend to zero (or reduced) lateral speed for any value of longitudinal speed: in this case the resulting controlled vehicle static gain from driver input to yaw rate differs from the uncontrolled one at higher speed. The closed loop system shows the advantages of both active front and rear steering control: higher controllability, enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate dynamics, suppressed resonances, new stable cornering manoeuvres, enlarged stability regions, reduced lateral speed and improved manoeuvrability; in addition comfort is improved since the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate is reduced.
For the designed control law a robustness analysis is presented with respect to system failures, driver step inputs and critical car parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and front and rear cornering stiffness coefficients. Several simulations are carried out on a higher order experimentally validated nonlinear dynamical model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics. 相似文献
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为了满足高等级自动驾驶转向执行机构的高安全性需求,研究一种采用冗余双电机转向执行机构的线控转向系统,针对双电机在转角伺服控制过程中存在的不同步问题,提出一种基于滑模控制的同步控制策略。首先,对采用冗余双电机转向执行机构的线控转向系统进行结构原理的分析,建立线控系统转向执行机构模型和车辆二自由度模型;然后,为实现转向执行机构的转角伺服控制,在位置、速度、电流的三闭环控制策略的基础上设计速度同步控制器。为解决2个转向执行电机运行过程中存在的速度不同步问题,采用滑模控制方法,将2个电机的转速差值作为控制器的输入量,得到双电机电流的补偿量,并将其叠加至双电机的目标电流中。同时,将上述控制策略与传统PID控制进行对比仿真试验,验证了基于滑模同步控制的线控双电机执行器能够更好地协调双电机的转速,实现双电机同步运行。最后,搭建线控转向硬件在环试验台,对所设计的控制策略的有效性进行验证。结果表明:所设计的双电机线控转向系统滑模同步控制策略能够在实现转角伺服控制的同时,减少双电机的速度不同步现象,保证线控转向系统转角伺服的同步性能。 相似文献
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汽车转向系统发展至今,已经历了机械转向、液压助力转向、电控液压转向、电动助力转向、主动转向、后轮随动转向、线控转向和操纵手柄式转向等形式。本文对各种助力转向系统技术及控制策略进行研究,为转向系统的进一步研究提供理论基础。 相似文献
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本文提出了一种新的电动助力转向系统的控制策略,以减小车辆静止时改变方向所需的转向力。以前尝试通过减少不良的转向振动来减少转向扭矩失败的原因是因为高辅助增益往往会产生震荡或增加噪声敏感性。为了消除此种振动,开发出一种基于控制齿轮角速度的控制策略,它是在简化的转向模型的基础上开发出来的。这个实验获得了很好的齿轮角速度的估计值,这样就有可能消除方向盘所有旋转速度下的振动。实验证明在方向盘大转速变换下,转向扭矩显著降低,无振动传输给司机。所提出的控制策略使用一个辅助来获得超过原来的三倍以上的增益。此外,所提出的控制策略不需要补充传感器。 相似文献
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简述车辆四轮转向技术的应用,经过对机场牵引汽车四轮转向系统的研究,提出一种新的控制方式,在随动轮角度跟随基础上加入汽车行驶速度控制因子,既解决了车辆高速行驶的稳定性问题,也保证了车辆低速转弯的灵活性。 相似文献