高速铁路无砟轨道路基上拱病害原因分析与处理

以某高速铁路路基上拱引发的无砟轨道轨面高程超标问题为例,从工程建设的勘察、设计、施工等角度分析研究,确定路基上拱的主要原因为填料中含有微量膨胀性物质,提出解决轨面超高问题的具体措施,同时指出建设标准与运营维护标准不匹配的现象,为建设规范的修订完善提供参考。     

高速铁路车站岔区高路堤沉降组合预测研究

有砟轨道高速铁路车站岔区由于车轨系统动力相互作用复杂,线路几何形位变化较快,且维修难度大。为提高线路稳定性,可将车站岔区有砟轨道更换为无砟轨道。依托中兰客专北滩车站岔区铺设无砟轨道的工程,分别对路基补强方案和路基沉降预测开展研究。为满足岔区铺设无砟轨道的要求,提出路基冲击碾压、堆载预压及路基面封闭隔水的补强方案。基于灰色Verhulst、双曲线和邓英尔预测模型的共性和个性,对三者进行最优化组合。以组合模型的最小误差平方和为目标函数求解最优加权系数,构建组合预测模型。通过预测对比发现,三模型组合预测模型的精度优于任一单一模型和两模型组合模型,且适应性更强更可靠。     

严寒地区高速铁路路基密封胶应用研究

哈大高铁作为在东北严寒地区建造的第一条无砟轨道高速铁路，对无砟轨道变形有着极为苛刻的要求。水作为路基冻胀的必要条件之一，如何阻止地表水下渗路基本体是控制路基冻胀变形的关键因素，以此为出发点，重点对哈大高铁新型路基与轨道结构缝密封胶的应用研究进行了阐述。     

软土地区高速铁路路桥过渡段管桩与桩帽加固施工研究

基于某沿海高速铁路采用管桩+桩帽加固路桥过渡段深厚软土路基，建立土-路基-桥台-桩基的三维有限元模型，对高铁路基加固后的桥台及台后过渡段路基的变形特性进行分析，并与实测值对比分析。结果表明：采用管桩和桩帽组成的新型结构对路基进行加固，可较好地控制桥台和路基的沉降，缩短沉降稳定时间，可用于无砟轨道路基软土地基加固。     

深厚压缩层地基条件下既有高铁路基帮宽变形特性分析

为探究深厚压缩层地基上进行既有高速铁路无砟轨道路基帮宽面技术问题,结合某既有高速铁路路基帮宽实际工程,开展理论与数值计算分析。研究了帮宽荷载传递规律及附加应力分布及发展规律,通过合理选取数值计算参数进行了无砟轨道路基帮宽变形数值计算,并结合现场实测沉降数据分析,得到了帮填荷载作用下既有路基附加沉降分布规律。提出了以帮填宽高比作为帮宽设计控制参数。分析表明:帮填宽高比超过3.0以后,应加强帮宽部分地基处理。     

大跨度钢桥铺设无砟轨道关键技术研究

大跨度钢桥由于跨度大、变形复杂,铺设无砟轨道缺少相关的理论储备及应用经验。以铜陵长江大桥为例,对大跨度桥梁铺设无砟轨道的关键技术进行研究,包括无砟轨道结构选型、梁端无砟轨道设计及轨道减振设计。提出高速铁路大跨度钢桥无砟轨道选型原则,完成轨道减振设计;梁端采用抬轨伸缩装置与过渡板设计方案解决梁端伸缩、转角及横向相对位移。     

盾构隧道下穿高速铁路路基沉降控制标准研究

为了合理制定隧道下穿高速铁路的变形控制标准，采用现场调研和统计分析等方法，对高速铁路轨道、扣件及路基的相互作用关系开展研究，提出高速铁路路基沉降控制标准的制定方法。研究结果表明： 1）轨道最大可允许变形由下穿点轨道扣件的最大可调整量、当前已用调整量和当前平顺度等数据确定； 2）轨道变形控制标准根据下穿点周边环境及列车实际运行速度选取合适的安全系数，在最大可允许变形量的基础上进行折减； 3）路基变形控制标准根据路基与轨道变形的相互关系确定。提出的轨道变形控制标准适用于高速铁路无砟轨道，路基变形控制标准适用于土质地层盾构隧道引起的路基变形。     

无砟轨道线间路基防水封闭层伸缩缝病害整治研究

伸缩缝的密封处理是高速铁路无砟轨道综合防水系统的重要结构组成，伸缩缝的设置长度和密封材料是发挥封闭层作用的重要控制环节。以运营4年的西北寒区某高铁为研究对象，分析了高速铁路无砟轨道线间路基防水封闭层病害是因伸缩缝施工横向未贯通而导致伸缩缝失效，引起封闭层上拱、破裂等影响行车安全。为此，研究制定了线间路基防水封闭层伸缩缝病害排查技术要求，选择了硅酮类嵌缝密封材料，采用了天窗时段切缝、清缝、嵌缝等整治措施。通过上述技术要求和整治措施的实施，整治后运营未出现类似病害。     

注胶法整治某高速铁路无砟轨道路基翻浆病害

目前高速铁路无砟轨道病害主要分为轨道板结构自身病害、支撑层(CA砂浆层)裂损、基床底座板吊空造成的翻浆病害等。结合某客运专线部分地段无砟轨道底座板吊空翻浆等病害情况,分析了病害产生的原因,从整治方案、质量检测和整治效果等方面,介绍一种全新的整治技术——注胶法在整治高速铁路无砟轨道路基翻浆病害中的应用,整治效果明显。     

高铁路基支承层的滑模施工

<正>0引言在中国高速铁路无砟轨道系统中,用于支承混凝土道床板或轨道板的结构层称为支承层,它具备一定的承力、扩散应力和抗弯能力。在日本,桥梁和路基上的板式无砟轨道支承层设计均大量采用钢筋混凝土结构;在德国,路基和短桥(涵)上的无砟轨道支承层设计上采用具有特殊要求的水硬性材料结构,长桥上则采用钢筋混凝土结     

地铁下穿运营铁路路基控制措施及变形特征分析

依托轨道交通11号线复武区间下穿武昌火车站站场工程，采取优化盾构设备选型、地面注浆超前加固、减小土层损失率等控制措施，并进行有限元数值模拟，研究盾构区间下穿铁路引起的路基沉降及轨面变形特征。结果表明：地层损失率控制在0.5%以内可有效控制路基沉降；随着盾构区间掘进，轨道沉降最大部位有由左线区间向右线区间移动的趋势，整个掘进过程中轨道变形增加比较均匀；在左线、右线贯通的工况下，土体应力重分布对轨道差异沉降有显著影响，使两侧轨道的沉降位移差逐渐减小，整个掘进过程轨道变形值满足控制标准要求。     

地下公共车行通道基坑支护的设计与施工

基于实例横琴新区国际居住区的地下公共车行通道,分析了通道基坑施工面临的难题,采用岩土理正及MIDAS/GTS软件,按照基坑实际的支护情况进行了三维建模,根据实际的开挖工况进行了相应的模拟计算。对数值模拟结果进行分析,与实际的监测数据进行对比验证,为钻孔灌注桩和内支撑支护体系的可靠性提供了验算和证明。当土体开挖后,土体变形主要是朝开挖后的临空面方向运动。当开挖深度较小时,土体变形量较小。基坑的不断开挖导致土体朝着临空面方向的变形也不断增大,且逐渐呈现出中间变形大,其中变形量最大的部位,靠近基坑底部,这与内支撑结构土体的变形特征是一致的。土体的最大水平位移约为14.98 mm,远远小于最大允许值39.52 mm,说明支护后的基坑处于一个安全稳定的状态。通过对基坑方案中SMW工法支护和沉井支护进行设计,对基坑支护设计及关键施工工艺进行分析,对基坑施工中的监测工艺进行研究,可对类似工程项目提供一定的借鉴意义。     

季节性冻土地区客运专线路基工程防冻胀措施研究

季节性冻土地区路基冻胀和融沉使路基产生不均匀变形,破坏轨道的平顺性,已成为影响铁路运行速度和安全的重大隐患之一。解决路基冻胀问题是季节性冻土地区路基设计的关键。文中结合哈大客专铁路路基工程设计,对季节性冻土地区铁路客运专线路基工程防冻胀措施进行研究。     

Moving load on track with Asphalt trackbed

Asphalt trackbed is gaining great popularity, as it strengthens the track tremendously and protects the subgrade. In this paper, asphalt trackbed deflection under moving dynamic load is solved analytically. The rail is modelled as an Euler beam. Tie and ballast are modelled as a discrete supporting system. Asphalt trackbed is modelled as another Euler beam on Winkler foundation (subgrade soil). One of the most important features of this model is that it can evaluate the damage to the asphalt trackbed under different train speed and/or non-uniform support conditions such as broken or missing tie case. It has the potential of serving as the design tool for asphalt trackbed as well as a track modulus back calculation tool for track structure evaluation. The solving techniques utilised in this paper can also be easily transformed to solve the dynamic responses of a track system on bridge.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of rail corrugation on the behaviour of rail fastenings

This paper presents the results of a detailed investigation of the effects of rail corrugation on the dynamic behaviour of metro rail fastenings, obtained from extensive experiments conducted on site and from simulations of train–track dynamics. The results of tests conducted with a metro train operating on corrugated tracks are presented and discussed first. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the metro train and a slab track was developed using multi-body dynamics modelling and the finite element method to simulate the effect of rail corrugation on the dynamic behaviour of rail fastenings. In the model, the metro train is modelled as a multi-rigid body system, and the slab track is modelled as a discrete elastic support system consisting of two Timoshenko beams for the rails, a 3D solid finite element (FE) model for the slabs, periodic discrete viscoelastic elements for the rail fastenings that connect the rails to the slabs, and uniformly viscoelastic elements for the subgrade beneath the slabs. The proposed train–track model was used to investigate the effects of rail corrugation on the dynamic behaviour of the metro track system and fastenings. An FE model for the rail fastenings was also developed and was used to calculate the stresses in the clips, some of which rupture under the excitation of rail corrugation. The results of the field experiments and dynamics simulations provide an insight into the root causes of the fracture of the clips, and several remedies are suggested for mitigating strong vibrations and failure of metro rail fastening systems.     

Dynamic vehicle–track interaction in switches and crossings and the influence of rail pad stiffness – field measurements and validation of a simulation model

A model for simulation of dynamic interaction between a railway vehicle and a turnout (switch and crossing, S&C) is validated versus field measurements. In particular, the implementation and accuracy of viscously damped track models with different complexities are assessed. The validation data come from full-scale field measurements of dynamic track stiffness and wheel–rail contact forces in a demonstrator turnout that was installed as part of the INNOTRACK project with funding from the European Union Sixth Framework Programme. Vertical track stiffness at nominal wheel loads, in the frequency range up to 20?Hz, was measured using a rolling stiffness measurement vehicle (RSMV). Vertical and lateral wheel–rail contact forces were measured by an instrumented wheel set mounted in a freight car featuring Y25 bogies. The measurements were performed for traffic in both the through and diverging routes, and in the facing and trailing moves. The full set of test runs was repeated with different types of rail pad to investigate the influence of rail pad stiffness on track stiffness and contact forces. It is concluded that impact loads on the crossing can be reduced by using more resilient rail pads. To allow for vehicle dynamics simulations at low computational cost, the track models are discretised space-variant mass–spring–damper models that are moving with each wheel set of the vehicle model. Acceptable agreement between simulated and measured vertical contact forces at the crossing can be obtained when the standard GENSYS track model is extended with one ballast/subgrade mass under each rail. This model can be tuned to capture the large phase delay in dynamic track stiffness at low frequencies, as measured by the RSMV, while remaining sufficiently resilient at higher frequencies.     

无缝线路钢轨局部温变对纵向力学特性影响

为了研究无缝线路钢轨局部温度变化对钢轨纵向力学特性的影响，基于有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了无缝线路钢轨局部温度变化的力学分析模型，研究无缝线路钢轨局部降温后，以及局部降温后再次升温的纵向应力重分布和纵向位移的变化。结果表明:钢轨局部降温能够有效放散温度力，但钢轨降温区段会产生纵向收缩位移；钢轨局部降温再升温过程会导致钢轨爬行，积累钢轨纵向应力，使其不再均匀分布。     

既有线膨胀土路基病害发生机理及整治措施研究

归纳了既有线膨胀土路基病害的类型,从膨胀土矿物组成、分子结构、水及气候等因素阐述膨胀土路基病害的发生机理;在既有线膨胀土路基已有的病害治理措施基础上,根据蚌埠工务段管内膨胀土工程地质特性,提出使用隔水土工布封闭基床和压力注入石灰水浆液加固基床的整治措施,以期对膨胀土路基病害治理提供有益的思路。