动力总成引起的轿车车内异常噪声试验研究

针对某轿车车内异常噪声现象,在整车半消声室,通过对振动噪声的主观评价,并结合振动测量及发动机转速跟踪测量试验进行了振源识别,找出了引起车内异常噪声的原因,采取改进发动机悬置结构的方法消除了车内异常噪声,提高了该轿车的振动噪声品质.     

某发动机轮系皮带抖动原因分析及解决方案

针对某车型发动机前端轮系皮带松边抖动引起车内加速噪声异常的问题,运用仿真与试验相结合的方法进行研究。通过AVL EXCITE TIMING DRIVE软件建立发动机前端附件驱动系统仿真模型,复现皮带抖动现象;从电机转动惯量、皮带预紧力和轮系布置方案等方面探究改善松边皮带抖动的解决方案;通过各方案对比确定最佳解决方案,并进行整车车内加速噪声试验验证。试验结果验证了仿真计算准确性及解决的有效性。     

某乘用车小油门加速声品质问题分析

针对某款乘用车小油门加速过程中车内噪声粗糙感明显的声品质问题,首先对噪声时域数据进行频谱特性分析,得到造成噪声粗糙感明显的原因是车内半阶次声压幅值调制。其次通过传递路径试验分析,确定车内半阶次激励源是发动机半阶次振动,主要传递路径是动力总成悬置。最后通过提高前围隔音量,优化悬置刚度及降低空调管隔振垫硬度,明显降低了车内噪声的半阶次特征,加速声品质得到有效改善。     

车辆内部异常噪声的传递途径研究

针对某车型开发过程中车内异常噪声问题进行了试验分析,确定了发动机支承为该车辆车内异常噪声的主要来源,识别出异常噪声向车内传递的传递途径,并对发动机支承进行了优化.试验结果表明,优化支承使车内右后座位处500 Hz附近的声压敏感度峰值降为原来的50%;倍频带噪声级下降了约3 dB;主观评价显示该异常噪声得到了明显改善.     

汽车急加速进气噪声的试验测试与分析

汽车的进气噪声能够直接影响车内的噪声水平和声品质。在车内动力感声品质研究过程中,需要借助进气噪声能量增强车内噪声的动力感,在发动机半消声室单纯测试进气噪声的传统方法无法满足汽车声品质研究需要。因此,本文中提出了一种在整车半消声室NVH底盘测功机上同时获得进气噪声和车内噪声的方法,通过现场测试人员的主观感受和测试数据的分析,验证了该方法的有效性,能够获得相对纯净的进气噪声;并对研究车型急加速工况下的进气噪声和车内噪声品质的关联性进行了分析,通过对4个典型的声品质客观参量的对比分析发现进气噪声是车内动力感声品质实现中比较优秀的噪声源,其研究对汽车声品质设计具有重要意义。     

SUV后背门振动对车内噪声影响的研究

为解决某SUV车型匀速行驶工况下车内低频噪声问题,对其进行试验分析,结果显示,在20 Hz附近出现异常峰值。通过对车身可疑结构进行逐一排查,利用阶次跟踪和ODS方法分析表明,引起车内低频噪声的主要原因为后背门低频共振。通过提高缓冲限位器支撑刚度降低了20 Hz频率成分峰值,提升了车内声音品质。     

某车型车内轰鸣噪声的分析与优化

针对某车型加速过程中发动机转速2800rpm时引起的车内轰鸣问题,利用LMS Test.lab测试系统,对该车进行NVH测试。通过频谱分析,找到引发车内轰鸣问题的频率范围,对相近模态的零部件进行排查,判断为空调压缩机系统模态偏低,与发动机工作频率产生共振导致车内轰鸣,降低了车内声品质。为此基于有限元仿真方法提高压缩机系统的模态,避免与发动机在常用转速下的共振,改善了车内轰鸣噪声。     

提升车身动刚度解决车内轰鸣现象的研究

传统燃油汽车,车内的发动机轰鸣噪声[1],是一直希望被降低或致消除的一种问题现象。文章以解决某SUV在NVH试验过程中,车内产生的发动机轰鸣现象为例,阐述了问题排查、原因分析、解决方案的思路过程。采用CAE仿真分析、NVH试验排查,确认轰鸣产生的原因为车身发动机悬置安装点的动刚度性能不足,明确以提升此点的车身动刚度[2]的方式来解决轰鸣问题,寻找影响悬置安装点动刚度的车身关键部位。随后制定解决方案、改制样车试验、NVH路试验证,最终从问题根源上,以最优方案、低成本的方案解决了问题。     

某车型前围密封及声学包优化研究

以某车型的噪声-振动-平顺性(NVH)设计开发为背景,针对其怠速关空调时车内噪声大的问题,根据噪声源隔离试验对进排气、发动机噪声进行分析,确认其主要噪声源为发动机。与对标车进行发动机噪声台架对比试验,得出传递路径中的前围隔噪量不足及存在漏噪现象为主要原因。在此基础上,通过控制噪声传递路径的方法对前围的密封性和隔噪两方面的设计进行改进,最终改善了车内噪声性能。     

基于智能数据融合的车内噪声主动控制算法

为解决车辆噪声主动控制系统中参考信号在车内容易受到次级声源的污染和以发动机转速信号作为参考只能控制发动机阶次噪声的问题,提出一种基于智能数据融合的车内噪声主动控制算法。首先根据传递路径分析结果选择对车内噪声贡献量大的车外测点信号,然后将发动机转速信号和车外测点信号进行数据融合作为参考信号,再利用迭代变步长FxLMS算法对驾驶员耳侧噪声进行主动控制。基于试验采集的不同工况车内噪声进行仿真分析,结果表明,所提出的算法相较于采用发动机转速信号作为参考信号的方法在总声压级上降低了4.4 dB(A)。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

Non-fragile multi-objective static output feedback control of vehicle active suspension with time-delay

This paper presents an approach to design a delay-dependent non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ static output feedback (SOF) controller for active suspension with input time-delay. The control problem of quarter-car active suspension with actuator time-delay is formulated to a H_∞/L₂–L_∞ control problem. By employing a delay-dependent Lyapunov function, new existence conditions of delay-dependent non-fragile SOF H_∞ controller and L₂–L_∞ controller are derived, respectively, in terms of the feasibility of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Then, a procedure based on linear matrix inequality optimisation and a hybrid algorithm of the particle swarm optimisation and differential evolution is used to solve an optimisation problem with BMI constraints. Design and simulation results of non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ controller for active suspension show that the designed controller not only can achieve the optimal performance and stability of the closed-loop system in spite of the existence of the actuator time-delay, but also has significantly improved the non-fragility characteristics over controller perturbations.     

Development of active front wheel steering control system keeping stable region in driving phase diagram

This paper presents a new active steering control system based on driving phase diagram (β _fr ?δ _f diagram). In order to make state variables to follow those of nominal vehicle model that was developed under no consideration of disturbance, Quadratic Programming Problem (QPP) is formulated, where time varying objective function minimizes the differences between nominal and actual parameters. The steering characteristic in active steering control system changes when the vehicle faces disturbance such as crosswind and flat tire, and driver tries to counteract it after recognizing the change. The proposed method defines a stability region on β _fr ?δ _f diagram. In order to make β _fr and δ _f remain in the stability region, a new model predictive controller is proposed. While conventional controllers are restrictive to satisfy the β _fr ?δ _f diagram based stability condition, the proposed controller ensures solution space and also plays a direct role to minimize the evaluation function in the constrained optimal control problem.     

Effects of injection parameters on the spray characteristics of swirl and slit injectors using the Mie-scattering method

We investigated the effects of injection parameters such as injection pressure, ambient pressure, and ambient temperature on spray characteristics. We calculated the turbulence occurring point (t _c ), defined as the time required to generate a vortex, and the deceleration point (t _b ), defined as the time when spray penetration begins to decelerate, to elucidate the breakup mechanism of the test injectors. The spray velocity coefficient (C_v) was obtained to evaluate the spray characteristics. As the ambient pressure increases in the case of a slit injector, C_v decreases. We investigated the effects of nozzle tip shape according to injection pressure, ambient pressure, and fuel properties on spray characteristics and provide a C_v value of 0.38 for the swirl injector with a spray angle of 60° and the slit injector under atmospheric conditions. The value of C_v in the case of a slit injector was reduced by increasing the ambient pressure. Our results suggest that C_v of a swirl injector is constant regardless of changes in ambient pressure, injection pressure, and fuel properties. On the other hand, C_v of a slit injector is altered by changes in ambient pressure.     

The high-expansion-ratio gasoline engine for the hybrid passenger car

A 50% reduction in CO₂ and fuel consumption has been achieved by the Toyota Hybrid System, which has been in mass production since 1997. This is achieved by the combination of two permanent magnet motors and a newly developed gasoline engine that is optimized in terms of its displacement and heat cycle. Delaying the closing timing of the intake valves effectively separates the compression ratio and expansion ratio, so that the expansion ratio, which is normally set from 9 : 1 to 10 : 1 to suppress knocking, can be set to 13.5 : 1. This new engine shows better than 230 g/kWh BSFC over a wide operating range. Motor-assisted quick start, improved catalyst warm-up, and the elimination of light-load firing allow the system to achieve very clean emissions levels.     

Model-based control system design in a urea-SCR aftertreatment system based on NH3 sensor feedback

This paper presents preliminary control system simulation results in a urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system based on NH₃ sensor feedback. A four-state control-oriented lumped parameter model is used to analyze the controllability and observability properties of the urea-SCR plant. A model-based estimator is designed via simulation and a control system is developed with design based on a sliding mode control framework. The control system based on NH₃ sensor feedback is analyzed via simulation by comparing it to a control system developed based on NO_x sensor feedback. Simulation results show that the NH₃ sensor-based strategy performs very similarly in comparison to a NO_x sensor-based strategy. The control system performance metrics for NO_x index, urea index, urea usage, and NH₃ slip suggest that the NO_x sensor can be a potential alternative to a NO_x sensor for urea-SCR control applications.     

Research on exhaust emission control characteristics of a natural gas vehicle — Characteristics of methane oxidation reaction of three-way catalysts

Model gas reaction experiments were conducted to analyze the factors causing the conversion rate of hydrocarbons (consisting mainly of CH₄) to decline in the lean-mixture region, using a natural gas engine fitted with a three-way catalyst. The results showed that there was no decline in the conversion rate of methane in CH₄-O₂ reactions in the lean-mixture region. However, it was observed that oxidation of CH₄ was suppressed when either H₂O or NO was also present. It is thought that prior adsorption of H₂O and NO inhibits adsorption of CH₄ at active sites, resulting in a lower conversion rate.