Modelling and Control of an Automated Vehicle

We present a vehicle model that includes the vehicle dynamics and a vehicle tire model. The model developed is then used for conducting steering analysis of an automated vehicle. We test the developed model on a step lane change maneuver and propose a model-reference based controller for remote control of a vehicle. Stability analysis of the closed-loop system using die Lyapunov approach is included.     

Vehicle Modelling Aspects for an Embedded Real-Time Application

SUMMARY

In this paper we present results obtained for a driving advice system developed, within the framework of the Prometheus program. The main results concern the vehicle modelling, which is required for the evaluation of the vehicle's dynamic behaviour in real-time, and the safety parameters considered and developed in order to evaluate the vehicle's safety state. The demonstrator is briefly presented, together with the results.     

Vehicle Modelling Aspects for an Embedded Real-Time Application

In this paper we present results obtained for a driving advice system developed, within the framework of the Prometheus program. The main results concern the vehicle modelling, which is required for the evaluation of the vehicle's dynamic behaviour in real-time, and the safety parameters considered and developed in order to evaluate the vehicle's safety state. The demonstrator is briefly presented, together with the results.     

运行速度和发动机油耗预测模拟技术研究

描述一种根据九五国家重点科技攻关"公路投资综合效益分析系统的研究"项目研究成果,开发的汽车运行速度和主要经济指标———发动机油耗的预测和模拟技术。本项技术主要是通过改变道路的几何条件、路面状况、交通量、交通组成、车辆特征、车辆载重和环境等因素,预测和模拟上述任一或组合因素的变化对车辆运行速度和油耗的影响。模拟结果将为进一步研究道路纵断面和平曲线的最佳组合、道路的改建条件和路面大、中修养护时机的确定提供决策和分析的数据基础。     

机械差速器耦合轮对轨道车辆导向性能分析

目前对称样式的差速器广泛应用于旋转车轮轨道车辆中,左右车轮差速控制的装置,成为时下研究的一个热点问题。研究学者在动力学的基础上对机械差速耦合轮对运行车辆的影响建立了模型进行分析,其中包含刚性的车轮和独立旋转的车轮,通过模型分析对比研究了机械差速耦合轮对车辆直线和曲线行驶导向性能的研究。研究发现,机械差速耦合装置独立旋转的车轮在车轮在复位对中有着积极的影响,对独立车轮导向能力差有了很好的解决办法。和刚性车轮进行比较,机械差速在通过性能上有着更好的安全性和导向性能。在城市轨道交通领域有着很好的应用。文章通过讨论车轮导向的原理,研究了机械差速耦合装置对轨道交通车辆导向性能的影响。     

一种新型的海滩作业农用两栖车

<正>沿海滩涂的工作环境对车辆的动力性要求不高,但需要保障一定程度的安全性和稳定性,同时成本要严格控制,使广大渔民既能安全有效进行沿海作业,又能承受农用两栖车的成本负担。我国是一个海岸线绵长的陆地国家,沿海滩涂的海产品种类丰富,产量巨大。在沿海海产品     

Modelling of Driver/Vehicle Directional Control System

Different driver models and driver/vehicle/road closed-loop directional control systems are reviewed and compared. Evaluation methods of vehicle handling quality based on closed-loop system dynamics, stability of the closed-loop system, and optimization of vehicle design are discussed.     

Modelling of Driver/Vehicle Directional Control System

Abstract

Different driver models and driver/vehicle/road closed-loop directional control systems are reviewed and compared. Evaluation methods of vehicle handling quality based on closed-loop system dynamics, stability of the closed-loop system, and optimization of vehicle design are discussed.     

GIS在车辆导行系统中的应用

将GIS技术引入城市车辆导行信息系统，阐述了系统开发的必要性，开发环境和目标，介绍了系统的功能，开发了基于车道信息的城市交通车辆导行信息系统程序，并给出车辆出行最短路径搜索算例。     

基于磁流变悬置的整车建模与振动控制的研究

以磁流变悬置动态性能试验结果为数据样本,利用广义回归神经网络(GRNN)辨识方法建立了磁流变悬置的正、逆模型,并将辨识模型用于悬置系统的控制;建立了基于磁流变悬置的整车10自由度动力学模型,以发动机转速和悬置点处的加速度信号为输入,设计了模糊控制器,对磁流变悬置进行半主动控制的仿真。结果表明:该模糊控制器具有较好的宽频隔振效果,悬置点处的振动加速度峰值明显减小,验证了GRNN模型和模糊控制器算法的正确性和有效性。     

车路协同环境下信号交叉口车速引导建模与仿真

目前交通自适应控制策略中预测交通流到达的方法多为基于车流行驶速度服从统一分布而获得,其效率与可靠性等方面存在不足.文中利用车路协同环境下实时车车、车路通信,基于实时信号状态、排队长度、车辆位置、加速度等参数,以交叉口车辆停车时间最小化为目标,提出面向个体车辆的车速引导机制与模型,有效弥补了上述缺陷.以上海市曹安路嘉松北路交叉口为例进行仿真验证,结果表明,在高饱和状态下,文中模型能有效降低交叉口车均延误30％,减少交叉口平均停车次数60％,在中、低饱和状态下的效益更佳.     

Railway Vehicle Modelling by the Constraint Equation Method*

A method for the dynamic analysis of railway vehicles is proposed. The method is based on both the using of constraint equations, and on the building of the mathematical model by means of the initial data.

The calculation models are nonlinear, due both to the connecting elements, and to the wheel-rail contact modelling. Solving of differential equations is achieved by time step integration. The method has been applied to the analysis of a freight wagon and a train unit.     

整车模态分析中焊点模拟方法的研究

针对整车有限元模态分析中,采用刚性梁单元模拟焊点时刚度无法控制和严重依赖网格的弊端,提出采用弹塑性梁单元模拟焊点的方法.以某轻型客车为例,建立整车有限元模型,分别采用上述两种单元模拟焊点进行模态分析.与试验结果的对比表明,整车模态分析中采用弹塑性梁单元模拟焊点的方法更接近试验结果,即更为准确、有效.     

A Review of Modelling Methods for Railway Vehicle Suspension Components

SUMMARY

The dynamic behaviour of railway vehicles has been the subject of study for over a century but the advances in computing technology in the last few years have led to a very rapid development in the use of numerical techniques for solving railway vehicle dynamics problems. As these techniques have developed, and have been applied to ever more complex problems, the modelling of the vehicle components has increased in importance. Mathematical models of railway vehicles may now include components such as swing links, air-springs, trailing arm suspensions, load sensitive friction dampers, rubber bushes with hysteresis etc, all of which require sophisticated modelling techniques to produce accurate results. This paper looks at the developments that have taken place in this area, the background to the need for sophisticated models, the improvements in accuracy that can result and some of the difficulties in applying these techniques to the modelling of real situations.     

汽车爆胎特性建模与主动制动控制策略

为了提高汽车在突发爆胎事故时的稳定性,对爆胎汽车主动制动控制策略进行了研究。根据车轮爆胎时间与压力变化的关系,在UniTire模型基础上建立了爆胎模型;根据电子稳定性控制系统中横摆角速度及质心侧偏角对汽车稳定性影响的关系,基于二自由度汽车动力学模型,通过计算汽车横摆角速度及质心侧偏角实际值与理想值的偏差,并基于线性二次型调节器最优控制方法决策出最优附加横摆力矩,从而修正爆胎后汽车的运动状态。最后通过计算机仿真对所提策略的有效性进行了验证。结果表明：主动制动控制策略可以保证爆胎过程中汽车的行驶稳定性和安全性。     

A Review of Modelling Methods for Railway Vehicle Suspension Components

The dynamic behaviour of railway vehicles has been the subject of study for over a century but the advances in computing technology in the last few years have led to a very rapid development in the use of numerical techniques for solving railway vehicle dynamics problems. As these techniques have developed, and have been applied to ever more complex problems, the modelling of the vehicle components has increased in importance. Mathematical models of railway vehicles may now include components such as swing links, air-springs, trailing arm suspensions, load sensitive friction dampers, rubber bushes with hysteresis etc, all of which require sophisticated modelling techniques to produce accurate results. This paper looks at the developments that have taken place in this area, the background to the need for sophisticated models, the improvements in accuracy that can result and some of the difficulties in applying these techniques to the modelling of real situations.     

越野车辆典型地形通过性建模与仿真

以某型8×8越野车辆为研究对象,对车辆的轮胎、悬架等关键模型进行了分析,得出了轮胎内压与轮胎刚度基本成线性关系的结论,建立了轮胎的粘弹性有限元模型;以多体动力学理论建立了车辆的8自由度动力学模型.对比分析了微分-代数方程组解法的优缺点,采用Gear算法实现了方程组的解算.实车试验与仿真结果对比表明,所建立的典型地形通过性仿真系统与实车测试有较好的吻合性.     

网联环境下基于速度引导的车辆能耗优化方法

传统的车速引导策略考虑交通信号的信号配时（signal phases and timing,SPAT）信息和到下游交叉口的距离,来对车辆进行速度建议和引导,以提高交叉口通行效率、减少能源消耗。但由于通信设备频率的限制,实时诱导效果欠佳。随着车载设备与路侧基础设施通信技术（vehicle to infrastructure,V2I）的发展,能实时、同步地获取交通流的多维信息,研究了1种符合真实驾驶场景的实时变速引导策略。以信号相位时间和道路通行限制条件为约束,构建三阶段变速诱导模型。提出将车辆通过连续路口的车速引导问题分解为车辆通过多个相邻路口的子问题进行求解。针对任意相邻2个交叉口,求解车辆到达下游交叉口的可通行时间区域,并将到达时间区域离散化,计算车辆到达时间区域内的每1个时间节点的能耗。将连续路口车速引导问题转换为速度轨迹寻优问题进行求解,以车辆能耗为权重,采用Dijkstra算法在所有可通行速度轨迹中寻找能耗最小的速度轨迹。利用交通仿真软件SUMO搭建仿真环境,并用Python对SUMO进行二次开发,以武汉市经济开发区东风大道的3个连续路口为研究对象进行仿真验证。实验结果表明：所提车速引导方法在过饱和,饱和、欠饱和流量下,与多级最优策略相比能耗分别减少0.68%,1.64%,3.97%,与匀速策略相比能耗分别减少0.7%,2.60%,9.80%。所提变速诱导方法在不同交通流量情况下均能诱导车辆节能地驶离交叉口,在欠饱和流量下效果最佳。     

一种新型农用车辆减震座椅的设计

随着人们对人体健康逐渐重视,对农用车辆的舒适度进行改进显得迫不及待。本文充分考虑了振动幅度和动挠度两个方面,设计一种新型农用车辆减震座椅,采用阻尼可调减震器代替现在农用车辆广泛使用的一般阻尼不可调减震器,将单刚度弹簧改换成双螺旋弹簧,从而改善座椅系统的动态振动特性。