海上风电安装平台新型可调桩靴设计及有限元分析

针对具有高稳定性、高起吊能力的未来超大型海上风电安装平台采用传统方形结构桩靴支撑桩腿面临的站立稳定性不足的问题,设计一种插桩深度可调的新型三支架型结构桩靴。与传统方形结构桩靴支撑桩腿相比,新型可调桩靴支撑的桩腿在不同入泥深度条件下的最大位移都较低且具有更高的屈曲临界载荷。新型可调桩靴结构提高了桩腿的站立稳定性,进而可以提高海上风电安装平台的稳定性。     

基于不同区域土体变形特性的自升式平台拔桩阻力计算方法研究

为了研究自升式平台在饱和软黏土拔桩过程中所受拔桩阻力的大小及变化规律，基于不同区域土体的变形特性，应用ABAQUS软件分别采用耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日（CEL）数值分析方法与基于小应变理论的有限元（SSFE）计算方法建立了桩靴上部阻力与底部吸附力的数值计算模型；提出了自升式平台拔桩阻力计算方法，并与已有的离心机试验结果进行比较。根据不同固结条件，开展了土体不排水抗剪强度、贯入深度以及桩靴直径对桩靴拔桩阻力的敏感性分析。研究结果表明：该计算方法能有效预测桩靴在软黏土中所受的拔桩阻力，其中上部阻力、底部吸附力预测误差分别为14.48%和-7.25%～4.23%，峰值拔桩阻力预测值误差为15%左右；桩靴所受的上部阻力主要来自于上覆土体对桩靴的反作用力，而底部吸附力则由桩靴底部土体中负超孔隙水压力引起；上部阻力受上述3项因素影响较大，而底部吸附力则随着固结时间增加而显著增大。研究成果可为桩靴拔桩作业过程中的受力分析提供借鉴与参考。     

多种自升式海洋平台桩靴上拔过程仿真分析

本文以自升式海洋平台桩靴为主要研究对象,运用Ansys Workbench中的Design Modeler建立桩靴与土的模型,通过LS-DYNA来模拟桩靴上拔过程,并计算了3种桩靴形式的拔桩力和研究了3种桩靴的上拔过程土体的变形,并将桩靴上拔阻力的理论计算值与数值模拟计算的结果进行比较分析。本文对未来海洋平台的发展有一定的工程意义。     

自升式平台圆柱桩腿与桩靴相交处的简化疲劳分析

研究了自升式平台圆柱桩腿与桩靴相交处结构的简化疲劳分析方法。首先建立平台整体水动力模型,计算得到基于一定概率下的波浪载荷。然后建立部分圆柱桩腿和整个桩靴的有限元模型,依据该概率下的波浪载荷计算得到桩腿与桩靴连接结构的最大热点应力范围。最后根据简化方法公式计算了此处结构在该概率下对应的许用应力范围并进行校核。该方法可为同类型结构的简化疲劳评估提供重要的参考意义。     

自升式平台桩腿的局部开孔分析

某自升式平台为安装冲桩管线需要在桩腿上开孔,因开孔位置无法避开桩腿高应力区,故需对开孔部位进行局部强度和屈曲分析.本文应用MSC/NASTRAN和ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对单根桩腿建立了详细的有限元模型,除圆柱形桩腿的外壳以外,还包括了内部纵桁、水平撑杆、桩靴细部结构以及开孔周围的加强结构等.边界条件的选取主要是基于平台整体分析得到的结果,考虑到平台主体和桩腿之间的约束变形情况,进行了适当的简化模拟.载荷考虑了自重、静水压力以及作业和自存工况下的风、浪、流载荷.为校核桩腿在整个服役期内是否满足要求,本文所建模型扣除了3mm的腐蚀余量.分析结果表明:桩腿开孔周围结构虽处于较高的应力水平,但仍在许用应力范围之内,并且桩腿的屈曲强度满足要求.     

可移动式自升式钻井平台的插桩压载风险浅析

与相对固定的导管架或平台相比,可移动式自升式钻井平台从诞生之日起就要经历不断的拖航-就位-插桩-作业-拔桩-再拖航这样周而复始的过程,桩腿和桩靴从始至终都会面对着各种不同类型的海床及浅表地层的考验。尤其是随着钻井平台箱体自身重量的增大,作业水深的增加,作业周期的延长和极端恶劣作业环境的影响,对于桩腿和桩靴及相关支撑结构的要求越来越高,同时对于操作船体升降的工程技术人员也提出了新的课题。笔者通过分析总结了通常插桩压载的经验,并提出了施工工程的注意事项。     

自升式起重平台站立工况总体特性研究

采用有限元计算方法针对起吊能力800t的自升式起重平台站立状态在设计环境载荷作用下的桩腿强度、桩靴支反力、锁紧装置承载力、抗倾稳性及风、浪、流载荷影响因子等内容进行了分析研究,结果表明环境载荷作用方向90°时,桩腿UC值(实际应力与许用应力之比值)最大,对平台桩腿结构最为不利;风、浪载荷对桩腿UC值影响颇大,正确计算风、波浪载荷对平台结构安全评估有重要意义。     

自升式平台桩靴强度分析

合理的桩靴设计是立插桩式海洋自升式平台在海上安全工作的关键因素之一。以某自升式海洋平台桩靴为研究对象,利用规范和SACS软件对桩靴结构设计进行强度校核和屈曲强度分析,并对桩靴的承载力和计算方法进行研究。     

圆柱型桩腿的自升式平台风暴站位分析

以四圆柱桩腿自升式气体压缩平台为例,利用SACS软件对圆柱型桩腿的自升式平台风暴站位工况进行分析,根据AISC规范校核桩腿强度,依据计算结果校核提升系统能力、桩靴承载能力、平台抗倾覆能力等。对圆柱型桩腿的自升式平台设计具有一定的参考价值。     

桩腿滑移对自升式平台结构及RPD影响

针对自升式钻井平台在"踩脚印"过程中,桩靴位置发生横向滑移,会对平台结构造成破坏的问题,根据平台结构及桩腿的极限承载能力,计算出桩靴沿x轴0°、60°、90°、120°、180°方向滑移的极限距离;监测桩腿RPD值,总结得到桩靴在不同方向滑移距离与RPD之间的关系,为平台设计人员和操作人员提供参考。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。