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ZENG Qing-cheng YANG Zhong-zhen 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2007,6(2):44-50
An optimization model for scheduling of quay cranes (QCs) and yard trailers was proposed to improve the overall efficiency of container terminals. To implement this model, a two-phase tabu search algorithm was designed. In the QCs scheduling phase of the algorithm, a search was performed to determine a good QC unloading operation order. For each QC unloading operation order generated during the QC's scheduling phase, another search was run to obtain a good yard trailer routing for the given QC's unloading order. Using this information, the time required for the operation was estimated, then the time of return to availability of the units was fed back to the QC scheduler. Numerical tests show that the two-phase Tabu Search algorithm searches the solution space efficiently, decreases the empty distance yard trailers must travel, decreases the number of trailers needed, and thereby reduces time and costs and improves the integration and reliability of container terminal operation systems. 相似文献
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为应对集装箱船舶的日益大型化趋势,集装箱码头需不断购置新型岸桥(QC)、场桥(RMG或RTG)、跨运车(SC)、内拖车(YT),不断提高装卸效率以满足船公司的作业要求,随着码头设备、人员数量的不断增加,码头操作环境也日益复杂,如果不能及时有效地管理好人/机安全,极易发生人员伤亡和机械损坏等安全事故。2010年6月,中远正式接管希腊比雷埃夫斯集装箱码头公司(PCT),在中远集团的安全理念的指导下,PCT迅速建立了三级安全管理架构,严格按照国际劳工组织(ILO)的《码头安全和健康》(Safety and Health in Ports)指导原则以及欧盟和希腊有关保障码头生产安全和员工健康的法律、法规,结合PCT实际情况有效实施了各项加强生产安全和员工健康的措施,切实保障了PCT 的生产安全和员工健康。四年来,尽管PCT的操作量和操作效率屡创新高,但生产安全形势始终保持良好。该公司副总经理孙凯根据自己在希腊集装箱码头从事安全生产管理的经验,从国际、欧盟和希腊有关码头安全生产管理法律法规的解读、码头安全生产管理架构的建立、码头人/机安全保障规则的要点以及PCT有效进行安全生产管理的主要经验等方面加以阐述,以期为国内外其它码头的生产安全管理提供参考。 相似文献
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Hang Yu Jihong Chen Lihua Luo Ding Liu Caimao Tan 《Maritime Policy and Management》2018,45(6):770-786
The degree of container dispersion at a transhipment terminal is measured by an index termed container location dispersion, which represents the range, both horizontal and vertical, of all containers for ship loading that are scattered in the yard. First, this paper identifies the impacts of container location dispersion on loading performance with insufficient or sufficient equipment deployment in real-life settings at a terminal. Then, we investigate those scenarios with different levels of interference. This research aims to explore the relationship between the container location dispersion and Gross Crane Rate (GCR) stability at a transhipment terminal and proposes a discrete-event driven simulation model for this purpose. All data in our experiments are extracted from the terminal operation system at a real-life container terminal. It is concluded from a series of experiments that the container location dispersion well captures the overall performance of container terminal handling and can be used for yard template optimization and management. Implications of this investigation are discussed in the context of the yard template design and improvement in the overall performance of a container transhipment terminal. 相似文献
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海港集装箱码头新型装卸工艺技术和模式的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对国、内外海港集装箱码头新工艺和新技术开发研究情况的介绍,认为采用节能减排技术、新型高效的岸边装卸桥和堆场水平运输机械设备,建设自动化集装箱堆场(ACY)和全自动化的集装箱码头(ACT)已成为今后海港集装箱码头发展的方向.根据新时期我国海港集装箱码头发展的特点,提出集装箱码头和堆场装卸工艺模式创新的设想,并建议创造... 相似文献
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为提高自动化集装箱码头岸桥作业效率、降低自动导引车(Automated Guided Vehicle,AGV)空载行驶距离,以偏好函数和深度信念网络(Deep Belief Network,DBN)为核心设计AGV实时调度算法,完成AGV任务分配指派,优化AGV作业任务序列。利用偏好函数为处于待分配状态的AGV筛选最优集装箱,产生训练样本并更新训练集,通过DBN实时更新集装箱的偏好函数,重复该过程直至集装箱作业完毕。算例分析表明:同两种现行调度规则对比,AGV空载距离和岸桥作业时间显著下降;与人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)相比,DBN可有效提高算法精度与求解效率;算法针对环境动态变化实时分配集装箱,为自动化码头提高效率和降低能耗提供依据。 相似文献
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Due to the importance of drayage operations, operators at marine container terminals are increasingly looking to reduce the time a truck spends at the terminal to complete a transaction. This study introduces an agent-based approach to model yard cranes for the analysis of truck turn time. The objective of the model is to solve the yard crane scheduling problem (i.e. determining the sequence of drayage trucks to serve to minimize their waiting time). It is accomplished by modeling the yard crane operators as agents that employ reinforcement learning; specifically, q-learning. The proposed agent-based, q-learning model is developed using Netlogo. Experimental results show that the q-learning model is very effective in assisting the yard crane operator to select the next best move. Thus, the proposed q-learning model could potentially be integrated into existing yard management systems to automate the truck selection process and thereby improve yard operations. 相似文献
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阐述了如何缩短集装箱船舶在港停泊时间,增强码头堆场集装箱的周转能力,提高集装箱船舶的装卸速度等3个方面的见解,提出了一些具体的举措,这些措施对实现集装箱码头现代化、智能化管理起到了重要作用。 相似文献
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Dual cycling is an operation technique whereby quay cranes perform loading and unloading operations simultaneously in the same ship bay. In this article, a mixed-integer programming model for quay crane dual-cycling scheduling is developed. The model considers the stowage plan of outbound containers and the operation sequence of quay cranes. To solve the model, a heuristic method, called bi-level genetic algorithm, is designed. Meanwhile, a simulation optimization method integrating the intelligent decision mechanism of the optimization algorithm and evaluation function of simulation model is proposed. Numerical experiments indicate that dual cycling can reduce the operation time of quay cranes compared to the method of scheduling loading and unloading separately. Moreover, the model and algorithms developed in this article can tackle quay crane dual-cycling problem efficiently. 相似文献
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基于多智能体仿真的集装箱港口作业效率研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
集装箱港口生产作业系统是复杂的离散事件系统,数学建模方法难以构建针对整个系统的模型,而基于过程的仿真模型通常缺乏对设备调度的灵活性。为准确描述我国集装箱港口的作业流程,分析内卡配置数量对港口作业效率的影响,提出了基于事件驱动的集装箱港口多智能体(Multi-Agent)仿真模型。仿真结果表明:岸桥平均装卸效率(GCR)随着内卡数量的增加先急剧增加后缓慢增加,船舶平均等待时间(AWT)和平均在泊时间(AST)与岸桥平均装卸效率呈明显负相关关系。 相似文献
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3C技术改造目标是在现存集装箱码头生产MIS系统基础上,实现全码头生产资源管理的无纸化和无缝隙的数据通讯;实现堆场集装箱定位数据的自动核检;实现堆场轮胎吊作业的动态追踪和码头生产作业链上的全程实时调度管理。经过改造后,露天作业的虚拟现实及远程管理的可视化使得中心调度、现场调度和轮胎吊司机的工作方便快捷、和谐有序。该项目可降低堆场仓储成本6%,提高码头生产效率15%。实践证明,3C技术改造是我国集装箱码头实现港口机械化、信息化和自动化的途径之一。 相似文献
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青岛港前湾港区四期工程位于前湾港区南岸,规划10个专业化集装箱泊位。1#~4#泊位平面布置基于10个泊位进行统筹设计,其中1#~4#泊位设计泊位长度1 320 m,为国内最深的专业化集装箱泊位。码头前方配置了当今最大型的双40 ft集装箱岸桥,堆场作业采用双悬臂式轨道式场桥。地基处理方式以因地制宜、因时制宜为原则,处理方法多样。道路面层采用改性沥青混凝土路面,替代了常规使用的水泥混凝土或高强连锁块路面。生产运营自动化程度高,管理系统先进,轨道场桥预留全自动化控制系统。设计中全面树立建设"资源节约型、环境友好型"港口的理念,从细节上入手,广泛采用各类环保、节能措施和设备。 相似文献