Speckle reduction based on contourlet transform using scale adaptive threshold for medical ultrasound image

A new speckle suppression method in contourlet domain was presented. By modeling the subband contourlet coefficients of the ultrasound images after logarithmic transform as generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD), we gave a scale-adaptive threshold in Bayesian framework. Experimental results of both synthetic and clinical ultrasound images show that our method has a better performance on speckle suppressing than the wavelet-based method while well preserving the feature details.     

Filter bank based nonlocal means for denoising magnetic resonance images

Image denoising is a classical problem in image processing. Its essential goal is to preserve the image features and to reduce noise effectively. The nonlocal means （NL-means） filter is a successful approach proposed in recent years due to its patch similarity comparison. However, the accuracy of similarities in this algorithm degrades when it suffers from heavy noise. In this paper, we introduce feature similarities based on a multi- channel filter into NL=means filter. The multi-bank based feature vectors of each pixel in the image are computed by convolving from various orientations and scales to Leung-Malik set （edge, bar and spot filters）, and then the similarities based on this information are computed instead of pixel intensity. Experiments are carried out with Rician noise. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method. The wavelet-based method and traditional NL-means in term of both mean square error （MSE） and perceptual quality are compared with the proposed method, and structural similarity （SSIM） and quality index based on local variance （QILV） are given.     

Wavelet De-noising of Speech Using Singular Spectrum Analysis for Decomposition Level Selection

The problem of speech enhancement using threshold de-noising in wavelet domain was considered.The appropriate decomposition level is another key factor pertinent to de-noising performance.This paper proposed a new wavelet-based de-noising scheme that can improve the enhancement performance significantly in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise.The proposed algorithm can adaptively select the optimal decomposition level of wavelet transformation according to the characteristics of noisy speech.The experimental results demonstrate that this proposed algorithm outperforms the classical wavelet-based de-noising method and effectively improves the practicability of this kind of techniques.     

ICA based speckle filtering for target extraction in SAR images using adaptive space separation

A novel approach based on independent component analysis (ICA) for speckle filtering and target extraction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed using adaptive space separation with weighted information entropy (WIE) incorporated. First the basis and the independent components are respectively obtained by ICA technique, and WIE of the image is computed; then based on the threshold computed from function T-WIE (threshold versus weighted-information-entropy), independent components are adaptively separated and the bases are classified accordingly. Thus, the image space is separated into two subspaces: "clean" and "noise". Then, a proposed nonlinear operator ABO is applied on each component of the 'clean' subspace for further optimization. Finally, recovery image is obtained reconstructing this subspace and target is easily extracted with binarisation. Note that here T-WIE is an interpolated function based on several representative target SAR images using proposed space separation algorithm.     

基于多标记像素匹配的高分辨率遥感图像道路提取

针对高分辨率遥感图像道路提取方法存在提取不完整和误提取问题,提出一种基于多标记像素匹配的高分辨率遥感图像道路提取方法. 将待提取图像由RGB颜色空间转换到 Lab颜色空间,选取与照明强度弱相关的色相特征作为初始匹配项. 以矩形框的方式标记不同类型的道路,利用t 检验法剔除其匹配项的异常值,从而确定阈值来匹配道路像素点,利用局部纹理算子对匹配结果进行筛选. 利用道路区域的形态特征对匹配结果进行优化处理. 为验证所提方法的可行性和优越性,对不同传感器获取的高分辨遥感图像进行测试,与现有道路提取方法进行对比. 定性和定量精度评价结果表明,所提方法对不同类型道路的提取具有较高的精度.     

遗传算法在图像分割中的应用

图像分割是图像分析的预处理阶段,被认为是计算机视觉中的一个瓶颈.基于扩展的Otsu最优阈值图像分割方法,提出用一种改进遗传算法进行图像分割的方法,并给出了遗传算法中参数的设定.仿真结果表明,改进算法的计算速度不仅明显优于传统的Otsu方法,而且算法的分割效果也很好.     

沥青混合料CT图像分割技术及其效果分析

在最大类间方差法(OTSU法)的基础上,设计了环状分块方法,用以解决在处理路面芯样CT图像灰度图无明显双峰,目标集料颗粒与沥青胶浆背景分割的技术难题,并着重从图像分割效果方面设计试验,开展了评价研究.结果表明:采用环状分块和OTSU法相结合的改进算法,图像的分割质量明显提高.进一步与最佳阈值法(手动)相比较,采用粗集料...     

基于最佳指数因子的自适应权值图像融合

依据现有的多波段遥感影像的融合方法和多波段图像融合效果的客观评价准则,提出了基于最佳指数因子的自适应权值图像融合算法.最后,结合互联网卫星数据,给出了实验结果.结果表明,该方法为研究人员提供一个较佳的融合后影像.     

Image series segmentation and improved MC algorithm

A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography （CT） image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes （MC） algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by ,experimental results.     

城市轨道交通多编组列车开行方案优化研究

针对城市轨道交通全日客流时间分布不均衡下的列车开行方案优化问题,以 乘客等待时间和企业成本最小为优化目标,以运输供给、列车最小发车间隔、最大服务间 隔,以及列车数为约束条件,构建基于多编组模式下的多目标列车开行方案优化模型,并 设计两阶段求解算法.案例分析表明：与传统单一编组列车开行方案相比,基于多编组的 轨道交通列车开行方案使乘客等待时间和车公里数分别减少17%和27%,列车运行小时 增加20%;当客流不均衡系数大于1.48时,宜采用多编组运输组织方式.     

Image fusion scheme based on nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform

A kind of nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform (NSCBCT) is developed, and its application in image fusion is studied in this paper. The construction of filtering banks is based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and block-based discrete cosine transform (B-DCT). We combine NSCT and B-DCT to design filters that lead to NSCBCT with better singularity representation than either of them in isolation. A design framework based on the hybrid approach is proposed, which allows for the fast implementation based on NSCT and B-DCT respectively. In addition, a new image fusion scheme based on NSCBCT for multispectral and panchromatic satellite images is proposed. Firstly, because it adopts NSCT, the fused satellite images have higher spatial resolution than those based on wavelets. Secondly, based on the localized high frequency information provided by B-DCT, the proposed fusion scheme can reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image further. Experimental results show that the proposed fusion method is able to increase the spatial resolution and reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image at the same time.     

Automatic Airway Deletion in Pulmonary Segmentation

A method of removing the airway from pulmonary segmentation image was proposed. This method firstly segments the image into several separate regions based on the optimum threshold and morphological operator,and then each region is labeled and noted with its mean grayscale. Therefore, most of the non-lung regions can be removed according to the tissue‘s Hounsfield units (HU) and the imaging modality. Fifially, the airway region is recognized and deleted automatically through using the priori information of its HU and size. This proposed method is tested using several clinical images, yielding satisfying results.     

基于自适应阈值和连通域的隧道裂缝提取

为了解决传统人工隧道裂缝检测存在诸如效率低、主观性大、安全性差等弊端,利用裂缝具有方向性和连续性等特征,提出了一种基于自适应阈值和连通域标记的隧道裂缝提取方法. 首先,根据裂缝的方向性特征,设计了一种阿拉伯数字算法（Algorithmic）对裂缝进行粗提取,其中对于该算法公式中的阈值选取进行了自适应阈值化,利用改进的阈值迭代法完成系统自动获取最佳阈值,无需人工干预;然后,根据裂缝的连续性特征,采用数学形态中的连通域标记法对裂缝进行细提取,其中通过控制连通域面积大小,实现裂缝粗提取后的去噪处理,通过膨胀和腐蚀操作实现裂缝粗提取后的修复处理;最后,选取了共计165张不同类型的裂缝图像作为实验样本,在MATLAB上进行仿真实验. 从实验数据可以看出,自适应阈值和连通域标记的提取方法其提取精度可高达94.2%,平均运行时间仅35.4 s,误识率和拒识率已控制在2.7%和1.1%,相较于传统的图像处理方法有着显著的提高,充分展现出良好的应用前景.      

基于投影寻踪动态聚类的快速路交通状态判别

为了提高快速路交通运行状态的判别精度,利用地点交通参数与交通状态之间的映射关系,提出了基于投影寻踪动态聚类模型的快速路交通状态判别方法.该方法综合投影寻踪技术和动态聚类方法构造投影指标函数,采用混合蛙跳算法优化投影指标函数的投影方向获得最佳投影方向,并利用仿真数据标定了交通状态判别阈值.结合仿真数据和实测数据进行了实验验证和对比分析.实验结果表明,投影寻踪动态聚类模型能够有效提高快速路交通状态判别精度,平均判别率为97.01%,平均误判率为0.86%,平均判别精度分别比BP神经网络模型和模糊C均值聚类模型方法提高了8.9%和4.5%.      

Risk-identification-based hybrid method for estimating the system reliability of existing jacket platforms under fire

This paper proposes a risk-identification-based hybrid method for estimating the system reliability of steel jacket structures under fire.The proposed method starts with risk identification;according to the results of hazard identification and Dow’s fire and explosion index(F&EI) methodology,the most dangerous hazard sources are determined.In term of each equipment layout in steel jacket structures,fire load is imposed and elasto-plastic analysis is performed.According to the deformed state of steel jacket structures,the weakest failure mode of steel jacket structures is identified.In order to know the effect on ultimate bearing capacity of the offshore structural system,a series of elasto-plastic analyses are performed in which single failure element contained in the weakest failure mode is removed from the whole offshore platform structural system.Finally,the failure function of the steel jacket structure is generated and the failure probability of the steel jacket structure system is estimated under fire by genetic algorithm via MATLAB program.     

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在基于数字图像处理的车牌识别技术的研究过程中,因为车牌定位和字符分割一般都是基于车牌区域的二值化结果进行的,因此对图像的二值化是非常关键的一步,二值化的效果直接影响到后面的车牌定位以及字符分割。二值化最主要的是阈值的确定,文章对比了几种常规的车牌图像全局阈值二值化处理算法,并重点分析了最大类间方差法和KSW 最大熵法的基本原理和微机仿真结果,发现用于车辆图片是这些方法不够理想,然后提出一种新的方法—基于图像直方图波形分析的车牌图像二值化处理算法,经过大量试验证明该算法在进行车牌图像二值化处理时效果非常理想。     

一种基于遗传算法的最优阈值图像分割算法

为了提高图像分割效率,提出一种基于遗传算法的最优阈值搜索方法OTSGA.OTSGA算法对图像的灰度级进行二进制编码,生成初始种群,求出每个个体的二维最大熵,然后根据设定的寻优准则进行相应的遗传操作以搜索阈值最优解.为了避免在求解过程中出现早熟现象,OTSGA算法将交叉操作得到的个体群与上一代种群混合,得到新的种群进行遗传操作,避免了个别个体在遗传运算的最初迭代时就在种群中占据主导地位,导致求解过程的过早收敛.实验结果表明,OTSGA最优阈值搜索方法不仅降低了运算开销,而且获得了满意的图像分割效果.     

Synthetically Evaluation System for Multi-source Image Fusion and Experimental Analysis

Introduction The image fusion technology produces a singleimage from a set of input images. The fused imageshould have more complete information which ismore useful for human or machine perception.With the merits of high degree of system explo-ration, automation, availability, reliability, capa-bility and low cost, it boasts broad application per-spective in many fields such as computer vision,automatic object detection, image processing, par-allel and distributed processing, robotics and re-m…     

基于点特征和边缘特征的无人机影像配准方法

为解决变形较大的无人机影像配准问题,提出了点特征和边缘特征相结合的配准方法.用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法提取点特征,完成影像的初步配准,并通过多项式函数对影像进行粗校正.在此基础上提取影像的边缘特征信息,根据距离相似性对边缘特征信息进行配准;依据色彩能量差筛选点特征信息配准结果和边缘特征信息配准结果,采用小面元微分校正的方法对变形影像进行校正.实验结果表明:提出的配准方法能够弥补点特征配准方法和边缘特征配准方法的不足,其配准的鲁棒性提高10%左右,可以较好地完成变形较大的无人机影像配准.      

一种自动提取车型图像边缘阈值算法的仿真研究

提出了一种利用改进的遗传算法自动选取车型图像边缘提取阈值的方法,使车型图像边缘能被完整地提取出来;从而达到识别汽车车型的目的。仿真结果表明:该算法节省了阈值的选取时间,增强了抗噪声性能,提高了车型识别率。