弱温差下水下热滑翔机参数对相变过程的影响

在温跃层强度较低的弱温差层中,水下热滑翔机的相变材料的相变过程会受到阻碍,从而影响滑翔机性能。为了保证水下热滑翔机能够正常工作,通过对滑翔机的相变材料的相变过程和临界航程进行数值求解,分析不同的水平管半径和纵向速度对滑翔机的性能的影响,得出较小的水平管半径和较低的纵向速度可以有效地克服弱温差层下水下热滑翔机性能的恶化。     

基于CFD的水下滑翔机水动力导数计算

水动力导数求解是进行水下滑翔机操纵性能分析的基础,为了快速预报水下滑翔机的操纵性能,开展基于CFD方法的水下滑翔机水动力导数计算研究。选用约束模型试验作为水动力导数求解方法,并给出其CFD数值模拟方法;以SUBOFF潜艇模型为例,进行约束模型试验的CFD数值仿真和水动力导数计算。计算结果表明,CFD数值模拟方法可用于水下潜器的水动力导数计算。采用CFD方法对水下滑翔机的斜航试验、纯横荡和纯首摇运动进行数值模拟,并利用最小二乘法拟合仿真数据得到水下滑翔机的水动力导数,为操纵性能分析提供支撑。     

翼身融合水下滑翔机外形设计与水动力特性分析

为了提高水下滑翔机的水动力性能,本文将航空航天领域先进的翼身融合布局引入到水下滑翔机外形设计中,并对其水动力性能进行研究与分析。首先,对比3种具有代表性的水下滑翔机常用壳体形状的几何参数,选用扁平椭球体作为翼身融合水下滑翔机壳体的基本形状;在此基础上,设计出翼身融合水下滑翔机的三维模型;最后,采用计算流体力学（ CFD）的方法对翼身融合水下滑翔机进行仿真模拟并分析其水动力性能,结果表明,采用翼身融合布局的水下滑翔机,其水动力性能得到显著提高。     

翼身融合水下滑翔机外形设计与水动力特性分析

为了提高水下滑翔机的水动力性能,本文将航空航天领域先进的翼身融合布局引入到水下滑翔机外形设计中,并对其水动力性能进行研究与分析。首先,对比3种具有代表性的水下滑翔机常用壳体形状的几何参数,选用扁平椭球体作为翼身融合水下滑翔机壳体的基本形状;在此基础上,设计出翼身融合水下滑翔机的三维模型;最后,采用计算流体力学(CFD)的方法对翼身融合水下滑翔机进行仿真模拟并分析其水动力性能,结果表明,采用翼身融合布局的水下滑翔机,其水动力性能得到显著提高。     

水下滑翔机外形设计与水动力计算

水下滑翔机是一种不依靠外部推进装置的水下自主航行器,它通过改变净浮力和浮心位置进行运动,因此要求其具有优良的水动力性能.本文介绍实验室所研制的水下滑翔机的外形设计,对水下滑翔机斜航运动与定常回转运动水动力进行数值计算,并实施拖曳试验,其计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.同时,在湖泊试验中水下滑翔机相继完成了多组锯齿运动和螺旋下潜运动,进一步验证水动力计算结果的准确性,满足工程应用的要求,其结果对水下滑翔机的设计具有一定的指导和借鉴意义.     

水下滑翔机外形设计与水动力计算

水下滑翔机是一种不依靠外部推进装置的水下自主航行器,它通过改变净浮力和浮心位置进行运动,因此要求其具有优良的水动力性能。本文介绍实验室所研制的水下滑翔机的外形设计,对水下滑翔机斜航运动与定常回转运动水动力进行数值计算,并实施拖曳试验,其计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。同时,在湖泊试验中水下滑翔机相继完成了多组锯齿运动和螺旋下潜运动,进一步验证水动力计算结果的准确性,满足工程应用的要求,其结果对水下滑翔机的设计具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。     

翼身融合水下滑翔机水动力及外形优化设计

为提高水下滑翔机的滑翔性能,引入航空领域的翼身融合布局,设计一款翼身融合水下滑 翔机.该滑翔机以类椭圆结构作为主体平面外形,剖面采用NACA0012高升力翼型.基于黏性流体计算软件FINE/Marine对该翼身融合水下滑翔机的初始外形进行数值模拟,论证该滑翔机构型具有优异的水动力性能.采用CAESES软件对翼身融合水下滑翔机进行全参数化建模,并以升阻比为优化目标,兼顾内部容积的需求.提出组合算法优化策略,设计2套算法组合的方案,并对其进行优化.优化结果表明,Sobol算法与NSGA-Ⅱ算法的组合更具优势,优化后的翼身融合滑翔机的水动力性能更优越,最大升阻比提升了 15.3％,阻力系数降低了 6.5％,升力系数提升了 7.8％,水动力综合加权值提高了15.39％,舱容提升了 18.35％,滑翔机的滑翔稳定性得到了提高.该组合优化方案为水下滑翔机的优化设计提供了新的思路.     

水下滑翔机机翼不同位置攻角状态下水动力性能研究

随着海洋技术的方展,以及人类对海洋开发的需求,水下无人装备将会有更广泛的应用场景。水下滑翔机是一种无人水下装备,其利用姿态,重心的调整获得动力,完成水下滑翔运动,能量消耗极小,续航时间长,适合大范围、长时间海洋海底探索工作的需求。本文使用OpenFOAM开源CFD库,对某型水下滑翔机机翼在不同安装位置,不同攻角情况下的水动力性能进行数值模拟,给出了其机翼随着位置攻角变化,水下滑翔机的升阻力变化特性,从而为滑翔机设计提供理论参考。同时本文也对流场信息进行深入分析,从机理上解释水下滑翔机水动力特性随机翼状态改变而发生的变化,在设计工作中能够更好地对水下滑翔机外形及机翼布置进行优化。     

水下滑翔机水动力外形的选型分析

水下滑翔机常用于对海洋环境长时间、大范围的实时监测,需具备优良的水动力特性。论文主要研究滑翔机整机主体外形和机翼后掠角对水动力性能的影响,从阻力、功转换率及重心偏移量等多方面对水下滑翔机的性能进行评估,并从流动结构的角度探究原因。     

弱温差和逆温差时水下热滑翔机相变过程研究

水下热滑翔机利用相变材料发生相变过程时的体积变化作为驱动力,海洋温差条件直接决定了其工作情况.对相变材料在弱温差和逆温差条件下的相变过程进行求解,得出其相变规律,并以此为根据得出了完成相变过程所需的水下滑翔机航程的上限与下限,即临界航程,最后对临界航程进行分析,得出弱温差和逆温差对相变材料的行为阻碍和异化,使水下滑翔机临界航程范围相应的增加或变化异常.     

仿蟹滑翔机器人水动力外形优化设计

针对一种新型仿蟹滑翔机器人,以提高其升阻比为目标开展外形优化设计研究。对数值方法进行标定,利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件Fine Marine开展仿蟹滑翔机器人初始外形水动力性能计算,给出其阻力和升力曲线;利用CAESES软件对仿蟹滑翔机器人外形进行参数化建模;基于第二代遗传算法开展仿蟹滑翔机器人外形优化计算。结果表明,相比原设计方案,优化后的仿蟹滑翔机器人外形的上浮状态和下潜状态升阻比分别提高了9.46%和7.18%,内部空间体积提升了20.41%。     

Hydrodynamic hull form optimization using parametric models

Hydrodynamic optimizations of ship hull forms have been carried out employing parametric curves generated by fairness-optimized B-Spline form parameter curves, labeled as F-Spline. Two functionalities of the parametric geometry models are used in the present study: a constrained transformation function to account for hull form variations and a geometric entity used in full parametric hull form design. The present F-Spline based optimization procedure is applied to two distinct hydrodynamic hull form optimizations: the global shape optimization of an ultra-large container ship and the forebody hull form for the hydrodynamic optimization of an LPG carrier. Improvements of ship performance achieved by the proposed F-Spline procedure are demonstrated through numerical experiments and through correlations with experimental data. The ultra-large containership was built and delivered to the ship owner. The present study validates the effectiveness of the proposed hydrodynamic optimization procedure, ushering in process automation and performance improvement in practical ship design practices.     

Ship hull form optimization by evolutionary algorithm in order to diminish the drag

This study presents a numerical method for optimizing hull form in calm water with respect to total drag which contains a viscous drag and a wave drag. The ITTC 1957 model-ship correlation line was used to predict frictional drag and the corrected linearized thin-ship theory was employed to estimate the wave drag. The evolution strategy (ES) which is a member of the evolutionary algorithms (EAs) family obtains an optimum hull form by considering some design constraints. Standard Wigley hull is considered as an initial hull in optimization procedures for two test cases and new hull forms were achieved at Froude numbers 0.24, 0.316 and 0.408. In one case the ES technique was ran for the initial hull form, where the main dimensions were fixed and the only variables were the hull offsets. In the other case in addition to hull offsets, the main dimensions were considered as variables that are optimized simultaneously. The numerical results of optimization procedure demonstrate that the optimized hull forms yield a reduction in total drag.     

基于相似理论的海洋温跃层模拟水池研究

为模拟海洋温跃层环境,检验所设计的水下热滑翔机在温跃层中的水动力性能,根据相似理论分析了温度梯度为0.2℃/m及水深10 m以下的海洋温跃层模拟水池的各项特征:缩尺比、水池主尺度、温度场和动力相似数。采用数值计算和理论计算方法,预测了设计水池中的待试模型与实体水下热滑翔机的阻力,并对二者进行比较,验证了所设计的水池模拟的水动力效果。以传感器阵列测量水池的温度梯度,验证了温度场相似的设计目标。通过研究和试验,验证了海洋温跃层模拟水池的可行性和可靠性。研究表明:用于水下热滑翔机水动力及相变性能研究的海洋温跃层模拟水池,其水流温度梯度需为实际温跃层温度梯度的缩尺比的平方倍;模拟海洋温跃层的室内水池通过选取合理的几何尺寸,可以抑制阻塞效应、浅水效应及池壁效应的不良影响。     

水下滑翔机滑翔运动的能量分析及水动力性能研究

水下滑翔机是一种新型水下无人潜航器,它通过改变自身的浮力在海中前进,续航时间可长达数月或一年.文中对水下滑翔机滑翔运动过程中的能量变化进行了分析,建立了上浮和下潜运动数学模型,通过数值计算方法对水下滑翔机不同速度和攻角下的水动力进行了计算和分析,可为水下滑翔机总体设计与运动控制提供参考.     

Steady sailing performance of a hybrid-sail assisted bulk carrier

The steady sailing performance of a sail-assisted bulk carrier is investigated utilising towing-tank derived hydrodynamic derivatives and wind tunnel measured aerodynamic properties of the sails and the ship. The aerodynamic characteristics investigated include the ship hull at the fully-loaded draught, the sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of identical sails in the presence of the selected bulk carrier hull-form. This is in addition to lift–drag measurements of single isolated sails of each shape. The form of the two sets of soft sails was rectangular and triangular. This paper is concerned with assessing the benefits of a sail-assisted ship operation, and hence a steady-state rather than complete time-domain integrations of the governing equations are reported. The results of the completed analysis suggest that the benefits of the derived sail generated driving force are greater than the overhead of equipping the ship with a selected system of hybrid-sails. Sail-assisted ships could represent an important contribution to an improving global environment by reducing the demands for a driving force through the propeller.     

Studies on the optimization of stern hull form based on a potential flow solver

A hypothesis of the minimum energy of secondary flow, suggested by Bessho, is introduced here. According to this hypothesis, it can be expected that hull forms having frame lines with a minimum energy of secondary flow show less form drag. In the first part of this article, secondary flow energy is evaluated for the cases with and without a free-surface effect, and Bessho’s hypothesis is confirmed for practical hull forms. Then optimization methods for the stern hull form are suggested, in which a nonlinear optimization technique is introduced. Numerical examples are given for a practical tanker hull form and a practical container hull form. From these studies, the suggested optimization method can be confirmed as a simplified and practical design method to the select frame lines of stern hull forms.     

基于设计特征的FRIENDSHIP船型参数化方法及实现

船型设计是船舶总体设计中一项极其复杂且又重要的内容,船舶的结构设计、性能计算、总布置等都要以船型为依据,因此,如何实现船型参数化设计尤为重要。FRIENDSHIP系统为船型设计提供了基于Feature特征和仿真驱动设计的参数化方法和实现机制。在对船型参数化基本理论———特征参数、特征曲线和曲面生成等进行详细阐述的基础上,以某型船艉部裸船体为例,具体阐述了船型参数化的实现流程,以及以Feature、Curveengine和Meta surface为特征机制的船型参数化的具体步骤。以Feature特征为核心的船型参数化方法不仅能为船型曲面的快速建立提供技术支撑,还可以为性能分析和优化提供基础条件。