长江口北槽航槽开挖对水流及河势的影响*

基于试验数据和实测地形,初步分析了航槽开挖对长江口北槽水流及河势的影响.结果表明:1)12.5 m航槽开挖引起北槽主槽尤其航槽内流速显著增加;2)在计算北槽航槽开挖后槽内流速时,乐培九公式计算结果吻合较好;3)12.5 m航槽开挖对北槽河势变化产生显著影响,是引起2009年以后北槽河势显著变化的一个主要原因,因此在分析评价长江口深水航道以及其它相关的航道整治工程治理效果时,应充分考虑航槽开挖所带来的影响.     

三峡库区涪陵至铜锣峡河段航道炸礁工程设计与整治效果分析

三峡工程建成后,库区河段的航行条件将得到显著改善,为万吨级船队直达重庆港奠定了基础,对促进长江航运发展有着巨大的推动作用。但按照万吨级船队的通航标准,库区仍有部分河段不能满足航道畅通和航行安全的要求,需通过整治措施来消除存在的碍航问题。涪陵至铜锣峡河段航道炸礁工程是库区航道整治的重要内容之一,在工程中对14处河段内的30座碍航礁石进行了炸除。通过对各类礁石的碍航特征进行分析后,按照万吨级船队的通航标准提出炸礁工程的设计参数和炸礁整治方案,并对整治效果进行了分析预测。     

饶河鄱阳湖湖区航道整治疏浚方案

在对饶河湖区航道情况及碍航浅滩特性分析的基础上,建立研究河段的一维水流数学模型,利用实测资料进行模型验证。运用数学模型计算设计流量条件下的湖区航道各浅滩段航槽疏浚深度的关键参数及工程前后的水面线变化,分析工程后的水动力条件变化及航槽断面流速变化。结果表明,工程后研究河段水位下降,河段水力比降减小,湖区浅滩段航槽断面平均流速减小,双港下游河道段流速增加。采用规范公式计算航槽疏浚后湖区各浅滩段航槽的年回淤厚度,研究结果可供设计单位参考。     

江中游窑监河段航道整治工程效果分析

窑监河段为长江中游著名的碍航河段,根据《长江干线航道发展规划总体纲要》,该河段2020年航道的建设标准为3.5 m×150 m×1 000 m（水深×航宽×弯曲半径）,通航保证率为98%。考虑到三峡工程运行以及防洪等外部因素的影响,窑监河段的治理采取远近结合、分期实施的原则,从2009年初开始陆续实施一期工程和乌龟洲守护工程。工程实施以来,航道条件明显改善,取得了较好的工程效果。结合已有研究成果和工程实施以来的资料,对工程实施后的河道变化、航道条件等进行分析,并对该河段治理经验进行总结。     

安康枢纽日调节不稳定流对下游航道影响及其治理研究

在深入细致地分析3个主要碍航滩险的滩险成因、碍航特点的基础上,结合物理模型和数学模型,全面完整地再现了安康枢纽以下19 km河段内水流运动规律,提出了河段内3个主要碍航滩险的整治原则.根据拟定的整治原则,研究中分别对3个主要碍航滩险进行了多方案的比较论证,所提出的推荐方案已用于施工图的设计.工程实施后,安康枢纽下游19 km河段内的航道得到了明显的改善,工程效果良好.     

长江下游马当河段航道治理思路及方案

马当河段历史上河床演变复杂,航道多变,治理难度相对较大.在对马当河段河道演变特点进行分析的基础上,分马当南水道、马阻水道及东流直水道3段,对该河段航道条件及碍航特性分别进行研究,并提出初步的治理思路.在此基础上,结合平面二维水沙数学模型,对初步方案及优化方案分别进行了效果计算.研究成果表明,通过修建棉外洲滩头护滩带、瓜子号洲左汉潜坝、洲头鱼骨坝工程、洲尾部岛尾坝及关键部位护岸等一系列工程,可以较好地解决本河段碍航问题.     

东江中游长河段浅滩群航道整治模型试验研究

为促进沿岸经济发展,东江中游开展航道扩能升级工程,拟从Ⅴ级航道提升至Ⅲ级。但该段浅滩密布,槽窄水浅,整治应考虑多滩联动效应,整治方式与单滩不同,整治难度较大。根据水文、地形资料,在分析各碍航沙质浅滩滩性的基础上,提出了以疏浚为主、整疏结合的整治原则和措施。通过模型试验,针对长河段开挖航槽导致的水流归槽、流速增大、流态恶化等问题提出开挖复式断面河槽的方案,并基于动床试验得到的挖槽回淤量分布,提出保持航道稳定的建议。试验结果表明整治效果良好,方案实施后全河段基本达到设计要求,为同类航道整治工程提供借鉴经验。     

长江口不同河段近期河床演变特点及碍航特性分析

根据现场调研和多年实测资料,分析和总结了近10 a长江口不同河段河床演变特点及其变化趋势,并结合航道发展规划目标,从航道水深、宽度、走向及稳定性等指标,分析了长江口不同河段的碍航特性。结果表明,长江口多数河段尚未得到有效的人工控制,局部河段航槽稳定性较差,部分航段水深较浅,制约了航道资源的开发利用。为合理开发利用和有效保护长江口航道资源,迫切需要根据近期河势变化特点和碍航特性,进一步明确航道治理基本原则与思路,提出科学合理的工程布置方案。     

三峡蓄水后皇华城河段航道演变规律研究*

根据三峡成库前后实测地形、水位、流速流向资料,并结合平面二维数学模型成果,分析了常年库区急弯分汊型河道皇华城河段三峡蓄水后水流结构及水流要素等特征值的变化及淤积对航道的影响,总结了皇华城河段的淤积规律,提出常年库区河段都将面临河型转化。     

长江中游马家嘴水道航道整治工程效果

马家嘴水道为长江中游著名的碍航河段。考虑到三峡工程运行以及防洪等外部因素的影响,沙市河段的治理采取"系统治理、分步实施"的原则进行,从2002年初开始陆续实施了3期航道工程。工程实施以来,航道条件明显改善,取得了较好的工程效果。结合已有研究成果和工程实施以来的资料,通过对工程前后的河势、航道等条件的对比分析,总结该水道航道整治效果,为类似工程提供经验参考。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.