多UUV搜索海底声信标任务规划方法

[目的]为了提高特定海域内多水下无人航行器(UUV)执行海底声信标搜索任务时的搜索性能,需增加对目标的搜索概率。[方法]首先,给出各UUV所载被动声呐的搜索能力指标函数,采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟海底声信标的坐标位置,并在任务区域建立搜索能力函数,从而得到本次优化任务的优化目标;然后,根据UUV实际执行任务时的队形要求建立本次优化的约束条件,整合得到基于海底声信标搜索概率最大化的多UUV队形优化模型,并使多UUV按照此队形完成指定区域的声信标搜索工作;最后,采用遗传算法对优化模型进行参数优化,通过设定合理的目标函数以及改进传统的遗传算子使目标函数的值达到设定标准,随之取出相应的参数完成值的选择。[结果]将求解出的优化队形与传统优化队形进行对比发现,求解出的优化队形具有更高的发现海底信标的平均概率。[结论]该方法能够有效提升多UUV对海底声信标的搜索性能,并给出合理的队形优化方案。     

UUV集群协同探测与数据融合技术研究

简述无人水下航行器(UUV)集群协同探测的原理和特点,介绍国外UUV集群协同探测技术的发展和应用现状。设计1种基于主从网络结构的UUV协同探测方案,分析3种编队队形的探测性能,讨论了探测、导航、通信一体化数据融合的方法。     

无人水下航行器控制系统CAN总线通信设计与仿真研究

由于水下环境的复杂性及无人水下航行器自身特点,对其实施实时高效控制需处理大量数据。文章采用CAN总线对UUV控制系统通信网络进行设计和分析,讨论了CAN总线网络数据帧在系统中的具体应用设计和传输参数设置,并使用CANoe仿真软件对所设计的UUV控制系统CAN网络进行了仿真,通过仿真验证了UUV控制系统CAN网络通信设计的正确性。该方法应用于UUV控制系统通信网络设计,将有效提高UUV系统控制性能和特征模拟性能。     

采用超低频电流场实现深水UUV遥控

首先分析遥控UUV的通信方式,将采用水下电流场通信和水声通信进行比较,得出采用水下电流场实现深水UUV遥控的优越性。分析水下电流场通信的原理,给出深水UUV接收遥控信号电压的表达式,总结出影响水下通信距离的关键参数。研究UUV接收信号随频率、通信距离的变化规律,最后提出增大水下电流场通信距离的方法。     

多约束条件下多UUV任务分配方法

针对多约束条件下多UUV任务分配问题,提出一种基于改进集合粒子群优化算法的分配方法,该方法首先定义包含UUV与保障船有效通信距离等指标的约束条件,建立以任务总执行时间最短为主要优化对象的目标函数,采用自适应惯性系数提高最优解邻域内的搜索能力,通过结合遗传算法的变异操作提高全局搜索能力,有效降低陷入局部最优解的概率。UUV任务分配仿真实验表明,本文提出的多约束多目标任务分配方法能够获取多UUV的最优任务分配,具有实际应用的可行性。     

基于UUV的水下目标非声探测技术研究综述

无人水下航行器(UUV)是一种无人驾驶,通过遥控或自动控制在水下航行的航行体,具有自主性、低风险性、隐蔽性、可部署性和环境适应性的特点,具有重要的军事价值。UUV以潜艇或水面舰为支援平台能够长时间在水下自主远程航行,并且可作为多种传感器的搭载平台,可应用于探扫雷、海洋监视侦察、潜艇探测、水下障碍物搜索定位以及通信导航等多个领域。随着以水下电场传感器、磁场传感器为代表的非声探测传感器技术和信息处理技术的发展,利用UUV平台搭载电磁传感器对水下目标进行探测、定位和识别已经受到国内外高度重视,具有广泛的应用前景。本文将首先对国内外典型UUV进行介绍,在此基础上阐述UUV水下电磁探测的基本原理,介绍UUV水下电磁探测的国内外发展趋势,最后对UUV水下电磁探测应用前景进行展望和分析。     

水下战场UUV侦察与监视研究

UUV由于自身特点非常适合完成侦察与监视任务。论文介绍了水下战场UUV侦察与监视的意义,描述了UUV常见通信侦察传感器类型,对UUV可提供的情报类型进行了深入分析,提出了UUV情报、监视与侦察体系结构,阐述了从UUV侦察与监视到情报保障的工作过程,对实现水下战场的侦察与监视具有一定的参考作用。     

基于跨域基站UUV集群试验方法研究

本文针对水下无人系统集群协同探测与目标跟踪,提出基于水面水下跨域基站通信组网UUV集群湖上试验方案和思路。通过研制水下集群控制系统,以及UUV平台尝试加装鱼雷自导并解决加装后平台信息控制、跟踪弹道设计、低速下自导参数确定、跟踪与攻击策略等技术,实现了湖上UUV集群探测与攻击协同试验。湖上通信拉距试验、组网试验、探测与攻击协同试验表明,该方案能够满足至少三节点的集群探测与攻击试验目的,试验实施简单有效,采用的架构和方法亦可用于更多节点的UUV集群试验。     

美国军用UUV现状及发展趋势分析

美国军用UUV处于世界领先水平,跟踪和了解其现状和发展趋势具有非常重要的意义。概述了美国若干个军用UUV发展规划主要内容,描述了几个典型军用UUV的主要使命任务和战术技术性能,详细分析了UUV载体结构、控制系统、导航系统、能源系统、推进系统和任务模块等主要系统功能、组成和性能指标。分析了美国军用UUV的发展特点和趋势及其正在大力发展的UUV的自主控制技术、组合导航技术、目标识别技术、新型电池技术、水声通信技术和新材料技术等。     

UUV协同探测的现状与发展前景

分析UUV协同探测的特点和分类方法,介绍国外UUV协同探测的应用现状,在此基础上,说明UUV协同探测的发展前景及所需的通信、导航等关键技术。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。