防范和化解财务风险的策略

分析了市场经济条件下,企业财务风险的形成和财务风险类别,介绍了防范企业财务风险的策略.     

跨国并购的汇率风险及防范

随着经济全球化进程的不断加快及我国交通运输企业的发展壮大，越来越多的中国交通运输企业走出国门开展跨国并购，汇率风险对跨国并购则有着重大影响。本文作者许力精通外汇管理法规，文章中对跨国并购的汇率风险进行了分析并提出风险防范建议，对交通运输企业开展跨国并购具有重要的参考价值。     

加强水上交通运输安全风险防控工作

日前,交通运输部印发《加强水上交通运输安全风险防控工作实施方案》(简称《方案》),指导交通运输系统以加强水上交通运输安全风险防控工作为突破口,推动共建共治共享的水上交通运输安全治理体系建设,全力遏制重大水上交通事故.     

施工企业财务风险的防范和控制

针对市场经济的发展和施工企业自身的特点,通过分析影响施工企业财务风险因素,论述如何加强施工企业财务风险的防范和控制.     

交通企业合同签订与企业家风险防范

谈到交通运输企业的合间风险，我们不仪要考虑企业本身的风险，同时更要把企业家的风险作为不可忽视的重要问题对待，企业及企业家都足风险防范的主体。在交通企业合同签订中存在企业家刑事责任风险，企业家应该如何防范该风险呢？     

交通运输部强化水上交通安全风险防控

日前,交通运输部印发《加强水上交通运输安全风险防控工作实施方案》(简称《方案》),指导交通运输系统以加强水上交通运输安全风险防控工作为突破口,推动共建共治共享的水上交通运输安全治理体系建设,全力遏制重大水上交通事故. 《方案》明确,到2022年年底,水上交通运输安全领域"三管三必须"原则得到深化落实,各地区水上交通运输安全工作协调机制顺畅运行,党委和政府领导、部门监管、企业负责的水上交通运输安全治理格局更加凸显,共建共治共享的水上交通运输安全治理体系基本形成,违法违规行为得到严厉打击,安全服务水平显著提升,重特大事故得到有效遏制,一般等级水上交通事故得到进一步压降.     

关于建设东营黄河公路大桥的可行性论证

通过对东营市国民经济与社会发展及交通运输的现状分析、规划及发展预测,提出了修建东营黄河公路大桥的必要性与紧迫性,并通过经济与财务评价认为,该项目经济与财务评价指标较好,具有较强的抗风险能力.     

交通运输企业全面风险凸显-交通运输企业全面风险管理研讨会在京召开

为适应市场经济发展需要，加强我国交通运输企业全面风险管理体系建设，引导交通运输企业健康、持续发展，不断增强预防经济风险能力，中国交通运输企业协会于2013年3月29日在北京召开交通运输企业全面风险管理研讨会。     

关于加强当前广西交通运输危险化学品安全治理的探讨

文章通过考察分析当前广西交通运输行业危险化学品安全管理工作现状和存在的问题,从落实风险防控措施、加强安全监管、关联制度支撑等方面,提出了加强交通运输危险化学品安全治理的相关对策建议。     

浅谈国有交通企业廉洁文化与廉洁风险防控

交通运输行业是国民经济发展的重要基础性、先导性和服务性行业,文章通过分析国有交通企业廉洁风险及防控误区以及廉洁文化建设的作用,提出加强国有交通企业廉洁文化建设、强化廉洁风险防控的对策。     

A canonical correlation analysis of carrier financial strategy: The case of airline deregulation

This study investigates U.S. airline managements' perception of deregulation's impact upon the industry's financial risk by analyzing the airlines' risk management behavior. Specifically, canonical correlation analysis is utilized to ascertain key asset-liability/equity interrelationships and to identify changes in airline risk management as indicated by changes in financial structure. A control sample of nonregulated firms in various service industries is used to separate the effects of general economic conditions from those of deregulation. The results indicate that the airline industry adjusted its financial structure to reduce the industry's exposure to risk as the industry became deregulated. The industry decreased its financial leverage through greater use of equity vis-à-vis debt to finance its long-term assets while simultaneously increasing its liquidity. Definitive conclusions concerning the industry's perception of financial risk after deregulation had been in place a few years are precluded by two external events which occurred in 1978—the requirement that leases be capitalized on the balance sheet and the rapid fuel price increases spurred by the Iran-Iraq war. However, the results clearly show the industry perceived greater financial risk during the early years of de facto CAB deregulation.     

小型私营公路运输企业经营模式的探讨

以一个成功的单体运输企业为例,从组织机构、营销管理、生产管理、财务管理以及存在问题及困境等方面入手,探讨私营运输企业经营管理模式。     

公路施工企业现金流的风险与防范

文章通过对公路施工企业容易出现的现金流风险种类及成因进行分析,提出了一些有效的现金流风险防范措施,避免企业出现现金流风险而导致破产。     

关于降低和规避大项目管理风险的探索

文章针对当前施工企业大项目管理现状,分析了大项目管理中存在的主要风险,提出了降低和规避大项目管理风险的措施及建议。     

Public transport enterprises in transition

Since the mid-1970s many western governments have felt that liberalization of market forces through deregulation and better control or privatization of public enterprises would raise productivity and reduce inflation and government deficits. This paper reviews the recent literature on public enterprise and draws on the Canadian experience. It discusses the rationale for and concept of public enterprise and focuses on two reform proposals, accountability and privatization. To increase the degree of accountability would require, on the one hand, that the government establish a formal mandate and role for the enterprise and periodically provide formal government directives, and on the other hand, provide an appropriate evaluation framework. Government compensation for imposed public duties is addressed. Full or partial privatization should be pursued when the rationale for a public enterprise has been significantly altered. This applies particularly to public transport enterprises which are in competition with the private sector.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Fourth World Conference on Transport Research, Vancouver, Canada, 1986. The author wishes to acknowledge the financial support of the Research Branch of the Canadian Transport Commission, and the valuable input provided by Dr Gennady Orzornoy.     

Performance ranking methodology for roading operations management

Management of enterprises in the public domain are being asked to look beyond financial measures of performance towards a system of performance indicators which will reflect achievement in quantitative but not necessarily monetary terms. The essential element of this approach is the role that management must play in the selection of indicators which reflect key dimensions of performance and objectives of the organization. This paper identifies comparison and presentation methods which are likely to be of practical help to managers facing the tasks of control and communication in the wider accountability process.

The issues raised are illustrated in a case study derived from an analysis of road maintenance management data from New Zealand territorial local authorities 1982–87.     

The estimation of transport cost functions: a methodological review

Abstract

The ex‐post facto cost of using private finance in roads is examined using a case study approach. The paper focuses on the first eight design, build, finance and operate (DBFO) roads commissioned by the UK Government’s Highways Agency and paid for through a system of shadow tolls. It carries out a financial analysis of the publicly available accounting information from the Highways Agency and its private sector partners for the first 6 years since the start of the 30‐year schemes in 1997. Publicly available financial information about the schemes was found to be limited and opaque. In 3 years, the Highways Agency had paid more than the construction cost. It was unclear whether the payments were higher than expected at financial close. Its private sector partners reported a post‐tax return on capital of 29% and an effective cost of capital of 11% in 2002, twice the cost of public finance. However, operating through a complex web of subcontracting creates additional, undisclosed sources of profit for their parent companies that make it difficult to establish the total cost of using private finance. The paper questions the wisdom of using private finance by providing evidence about the cost, including the cost of risk transfer.     

Measuring supply chain risk: Predicting motor carriers’ ability to withstand disruptive environmental change using conjoint analysis

Supply chain risk measurement is an expanding research stream that considers the ability of networked firms to anticipate and respond to significant environmental risks, including major disruptions and unexpected events. However measuring and quantifying supply chain risk has proved an enormous challenge and this research contributes to this goal by developing a risk assessment scorecard, using conjoint analysis, for motor carrier firms. The resultant motor-carrier scorecard has been scaled from 300 to 900, to resemble the well-known FICO score for assessing consumer creditworthiness. Our scoring model enables motor carriers – and the firms that depend upon them in intermodal supply chains – to assess carriers’ ability to withstand major disruptive events, which are broadly defined as events which might lead to a significant drop in carriers’ income and profitability (e.g., such as that which occurred on September 11, 2001). Carriers with weaker risk scores (<600, on a 300–900 scale) are more likely to experience financial distress (and as a result possibly exit the industry itself); those with scores above 600 are less likely to depart. The model correctly identified 77 percent of motor carriers that ultimately exited the trucking industry following the significant environmental disruption caused by 9/11. Our computational experience indicates that the model accuracy, quantified in terms of Type I and Type II errors, compares favorably to prior results reported in the credit scoring literature.     

Transport state enterprises: the Canadian experience

Abstract

In most economies, the ownership and control of state enterprises has been an important government policy instrument. This has been particularly true in the transportation sector in which governments have intervened extensively through the acquisition and creation of state enterprises. While the genesis of and rationale for transportation state enterprises have varied from country to country and even from time to time within each country, at present, most governments do exercise a significant degree of ownership and control in transportation. Some of these enterprises enjoy monopoly status and others are in competition with and behave similarly to their private sector counterparts.

Consequently, and in recent years, questions have been raised about government intervention in the market‐place as it relates to effective management control and accountability of state enterprises. Questions have also been raised about the continuing need for transportation state enterprises and some governments have promoted some form of divestiture (privatization).

This paper addresses the accountability and control of transportation state enterprises based on the Canadian experience. It discusses their role and policies related to diversification, financing and divestiture, and the need for development of a performance framework.     

浅议实行国库集中支付对广西交通财务管理工作的影响

国库集中支付制度是财政资金支出改革的重大举措之一。文章结合广西交通财务管理工作实际,分析了实行国库集中支付对广西交通财务管理工作的意义和挑战,提出了加强广西交通财务管理工作的建议。