全局耦合消扭悬架系统动力学仿真研究(英文)

介绍了一种全局耦合消扭悬架的原理和结构,利用ADAMS建立了装备有该消扭悬架的车辆模型,对其消扭性能和操纵稳定性进行了仿真试验研究,研究结果表明该消扭悬架在能有效地减小对车身的扭转,降低轮荷最大值,改善车轮的垂直载荷的均匀性,改善车辆的接地性能,不会对车辆的操纵稳定性带来不利影响.     

油气悬架耦连形式对车辆稳定性的影响

为各轮独立、同轴交连和对角交连3种耦连形式的油气悬架推导出其垂向力/刚度、侧倾力矩/刚度、俯仰力矩/刚度和扭转力矩/刚度公式,并据此建立了这3种油气悬架的Matlab/Simulink模型,通过仿真得到了悬架垂向、侧倾、俯仰和扭转的刚度特性曲线。对油气悬架Simulink模型与整车Carsim模型进行联合仿真,分析油气悬架不同耦连形式对车辆稳定性的影响。结果表明:油气悬架耦连形式对车辆垂向振动影响较小;对角交连油气悬架的车身俯仰角最小,其它两种耦连油气悬架的车身俯仰角相同且较大;同轴交连油气悬架的车身侧倾角最小,对角交连油气悬架的车身侧倾角次之,各轮独立油气悬架的车身侧倾角最大。     

汽车主动悬架和四轮转向系统的耦合分析及协调控制

针对汽车转向系统和悬架系统的相互作用,建立了转向动力学子模型、悬架动力学子模型以及考虑两者耦合效应的综合动力学模型.通过仿真分析发现:悬架系统主要通过轮胎动载荷引起轮胎侧偏力变化,从而引起转向特性发生显著变化;而转向系统则主要通过离心力影响簧上质量的侧倾运动,从而引起悬架运动特性发生变化;主动悬架与四轮转向协调控制系统在减小车身侧倾和前轮垂直载荷波动的同时,还能有效地改善车辆横摆响应和质心侧偏角响应.     

基于操纵稳定性的某客车空气悬架系统结构改进

针对某空气悬架客车在行驶转向时车身侧倾角过大问题,提出在后空气悬架导向臂尾端添加车身侧倾稳定板的改进方案。对改进前、后空气悬架系统进行了KC分析,结果显示改进后的悬架系统侧倾刚度得到了有效提高。基于刚柔耦合建模方法,建立了改进前、后整车多体动力学模型。仿真结果显示改进后车辆稳态回转时车身侧倾角明显减小,不足转向度也有所改善;整车试验结果验证了仿真结果的正确性和改进方案的可行性。     

电动汽车车身平顺性及车轮接地性分析与优化

以某分布式四轮驱动电动汽车为研究对象,在Adams/car中建立了整车模型,通过对前、后悬架参数进行灵敏度分析,探讨其对车身平顺性与车轮接地性的影响。基于α法建立评价车身平顺性与车轮接地性指标的多目标函数,对灵敏度较高的悬架参数进行优化设计。结果表明,优化后前、后悬架的刚度减小,前悬架的阻尼增大。与优化前相比,车身垂向加速度均方根值减小16%,左、右前轮动载荷的均方根值均减小11%。     

NHQ6470EG2Y型汽车车架扭转刚度的测试研究

对车架-车身的受力情况进行了理论分析,分别对配备不同装置的车架在极限扭转工况下的角刚度进行了测试研究,并利用车架有限元力学模型对测试结果进行了计算验证。研究了车架、底盘、车身等对整个承载系统角刚度的贡献,证实了此类非承载式车身对加固车架的重要作用。分析了悬架角刚度对车架-车身承载系统受力的影响,强调在设计时应使悬架角刚度与车架-车身角刚度合理匹配。     

汽车用空气弹簧悬架系统综述

空气弹簧具有非线性弹性特性，可将其特性曲线设计成理想形状，安装有空气悬架的汽车振动频率低，车轮动载荷小，可以获得良好的行驶平顺性，操纵稳定性和行驶安全性，减小高速行驶车辆对路面的破坏，．空气悬架可以保持汽车车身高度不变，并可根据需要进行车身高度调节等特点，本文就汽车空气弹簧悬架的发展过程，空气悬架系统的特点，对整车和高速公路路面的影响，以及其结构模式和优缺点进行分析。     

油气悬架整车的振动状态观测器设计

针对油气悬架阻尼实时控制中的车身振动状态测量问题,建立了油气悬架整车7自由度振动模型的状态方程,并基于该状态方程设计了油气悬架整车振动状态观测器。该状态观测器以油气悬架油缸压力为输入,以悬架动行程误差作为反馈,通过设计观测器的反馈增益,使得观测器状态能够跟踪被观测车辆的真实状态。状态观测值与试验测试值的对比表明,所设计的状态观测器能够有效观测出油气悬架车辆的振动状态。     

全地形履带车橡胶扭力轴套扭转刚度特性研究

在全地形履带车辆中,体积小、重量轻的橡胶扭力轴套悬架逐渐取代了扭杆等传统悬架形式,其中扭转刚度特性是车辆减振性能的关键。针对橡胶扭力轴套中扭转刚度特性设计缺乏的问题,从线性和非线性两种情况,分别依据扭杆悬架、单双气室油气悬架的刚度特性,推导了等效扭转刚度特性下的扭力轴套扭转刚度模型。基于全地形车动力学模型进行了仿真,通过平顺性指标对不同的扭转刚度特性进行了评价。仿真结果表明,依据单气室油气悬架刚度特性设计的扭转刚度模型具有较好的平顺性表现。扭力轴套扭转刚度的研究为全地形车橡胶扭力轴套刚度特性的设计提供了理论依据。     

半主动悬架模糊控制仿真

为缓和路面传递给车身的冲击,改善汽车行驶的平顺性和操作稳定性,文章建立了二自由度1／4车体半主动悬架非线性动力学模型,利用MATLAB模糊逻辑控制工具箱设计半主动悬架的模糊控制器,通过运用MATLAB／SIMULINK,对悬架系统进行了仿真分析。结果表明,该控制方法能有效地降低车身垂直加速度、悬架的动挠度和车轮动载荷,提高了汽车的平顺性和操纵稳定性。     

Roll- and pitch-plane coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension

Passive fluidically coupled suspensions have been considered to offer a promising alternative solution to the challenging design of a vehicle suspension system. A theoretical foundation, however, has not been established for fluidically coupled suspension to facilitate its broad applications to various vehicles. The first part of this study investigates the fundamental issues related to feasibility and properties of the passive, full-vehicle interconnected, hydro-pneumatic suspension configurations using both analytical and simulation techniques. Layouts of various interconnected suspension configurations are illustrated based on two novel hydro-pneumatic suspension strut designs, both of which provide a compact design with a considerably large effective working area. A simplified measure, vehicle property index, is proposed to permit a preliminary evaluation of different interconnected suspension configurations using qualitative scaling of the bounce-, roll-, pitch- and warp-mode stiffness properties. Analytical formulations for the properties of unconnected and three selected X-coupled suspension configurations are derived, and simulation results are obtained to illustrate their relative stiffness and damping properties in the bounce, roll, pitch and warp modes. The superior design flexibility feature of the interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension is also discussed through sensitivity analysis of a design parameter, namely the annular piston area of the strut. The results demonstrate that a full-vehicle interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension could provide enhanced roll- and pitch-mode stiffness and damping, while retaining the soft bounce- and warp-mode properties. Such an interconnected suspension thus offers considerable potential in realising enhanced decoupling among the different suspension modes.     

油气主动悬架非线性模型的建立、仿真与试验验证

本文通过分析油气悬架中存在的气体弹簧刚度非线性特性和摩擦力，建立了主动悬架的非线性模型。分析了悬架的非线性特性对悬架运动的影响。仿真和试验结果表明，非线性模型比线性模型更接近油气悬架的实际情况，根据非线性模型设计的车身高度控制策略比根据线性模型设计的控制策略具有更好的控制效果。     

某新型全路面起重机底盘油气悬架系统的设计

介绍了某新型多轴全路面起重机底盘左右连通式自动调高油气悬架系统的组成和设计方法，包括油气弹簧的设计、蓄能器的选型、双横臂和调高系统的设计，并介绍了该新型油气悬架的特点，为其他专用汽车底盘设计提供了参考。     

Active Roll Control for Passenger Cars

The development of a mathematical model of a limited bandwidth hydro-pneumatic suspension that is incorporated into a vehicle handling model is described. The combined model is used to evaluate a suitable control strategy for eliminating body roll during a cornering manoeuvre. The philosophy behind the roll control strategy has been to use feedback measurements of the body motions which do not compromise the ride control. A study of the influence of the position of the body motion feedback transducer on the effectiveness of the system to reduce the body roll is presented. Non-linear modelling of the suspension components for a 0.8g cornering manoeuvre has revealed performance limitations. Conclusions are drawn as to the effectiveness of the control scheme.     

Transferred load and its course in passenger car bodies

A method to express the concept of load transfer and the course of the transferred load in the structure is introduced. Transferred load in an actual passenger car body is investigated experimentally. The degree of joint stiffness between the members of the vehicle body can also be discussed based on this concept. Difference can be shown between the course from the front suspension and that from the rear suspension under the condition of the torsional loading.     

Active Roll Control for Passenger Cars

SUMMARY

The development of a mathematical model of a limited bandwidth hydro-pneumatic suspension that is incorporated into a vehicle handling model is described. The combined model is used to evaluate a suitable control strategy for eliminating body roll during a cornering manoeuvre. The philosophy behind the roll control strategy has been to use feedback measurements of the body motions which do not compromise the ride control. A study of the influence of the position of the body motion feedback transducer on the effectiveness of the system to reduce the body roll is presented. Non-linear modelling of the suspension components for a 0.8g cornering manoeuvre has revealed performance limitations. Conclusions are drawn as to the effectiveness of the control scheme.     

油气弹簧非线性特性对车辆平顺性的影响分析

推导并建立了某工程车辆油气弹簧的非线性刚度和阻尼特性的数学模型，并将其导入到车辆模型中。根据汽车悬架质量分配特点．将汽车简化为两自由度的舣质量振动系统，对此两自由度模型的车轮加速度、车身加速度和悬架动行程进行了仿真从仿真结果可以看出，非线性油气弹簧能很好地衰减由路面传递来的振动。分析了刚度和阻尼的变化对车辆平顺性的影响。     

Roll- and pitch-plane-coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension. Part 2: dynamic response analyses

In the first part of this study, the potential performance benefits of fluidically coupled passive suspensions were demonstrated through analyses of suspension properties, design flexibility and feasibility. In this second part of the study, the dynamic responses of a vehicle equipped with different configurations of fluidically coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension systems are investigated for more comprehensive assessments of the coupled suspension concepts. A generalised 14 degree-of-freedom nonlinear vehicle model is developed and validated to evaluate vehicle ride and handling dynamic responses and suspension anti-roll and anti-pitch characteristics under various road excitations and steering/braking manoeuvres. The dynamic responses of the vehicle model with the coupled suspension are compared with those of the unconnected suspensions to demonstrate the performance potential of the fluidic couplings. The dynamic responses together with the suspension properties suggest that the full-vehicle-coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension could offer considerable potential in realising enhanced ride and handling performance, as well as improved anti-roll and anti-pitch properties in a very flexible and energy-saving manner.