与技术同升级 与标准共成长

如果有人问:"什么东西离地球很远,却离生活很近?"你怎么回答?如果有人问:"自家的门钥匙整日装在他人口袋,你能不能放心?"你又怎么回答?这不是脑筋急转弯游戏,这些问题都牵涉到一个重要的产业——卫星定位,它从通讯导航到天气预报,从物联定位到应急减灾,从节能减排到安全管理,不断闪现着匆匆奔忙的应用身影。如今,卫星导航已广泛应用于全球的各个行业,成为一个重要的空间基础设施,是衡量一个国家综合国力的主要标志,以及国防安全的重要支撑。     

立体与平面结合节能与减排齐飞

曾经．因为我们过于追求经济这趟列车的速度，而忽略了给资源与环境带来的重压。 如今．政府已经下定决心扭转困局，要建立资源节约型、环境友好型社会。并庄严宣告：“十一五”期间．我国单位国内生产总值能耗要降低20％，主要污染物排放总量要减少10％。     

电子商务与物流发展：机遇与挑战并存

2011年10月，商务部发布了《“十二五”电子商务发展指导意见》（以下简称《意见》）。《意见》提出，到2015年，我国规模以上企业应用电子商务比率达80％以上，应用电子商务完成进出口贸易额占我国当年进出口贸易总额的10％以上，网络零售额相当于社会消费品零售总额的9％以上。     

道路与桥梁连接处的设计与施工

公路交通、铁路交通是社会经济发展的基本保障,而行车安全性、舒适性是路面平整度的重要体现,也是检验道路施工质量的重要指标。道路与桥梁连接处的设计是否合理关系到行车的安全与否。如何正确利用现代道路设计原理和施工技术,提高道路行驶的安全性和舒适性已成为我国的道路建设施工急需解决的问题。鉴于此,针对道路与桥梁连接处的设计与施工问题进行简要阐述,以供参考。     

与危险绝缘

超载的槽罐车、爆裂的轮胎、淡薄的安全意识、多头的监管体制、稚嫩的救援体系……一切平日看似不能直接关联的因素，只要在同一时间段集结，就可能酿成一场“惊天惨祸”。     

改性沥青与SMA

介绍了改性沥青与沥青碎石玛碲脂的性能及在我国和山东省的应用状况.     

甘肃高速公路扬尘与水污染问题浅析与治理

近年来随着经济的不断发展,高速公路网遍及全国各地,为人们的工作、生活、经济活动提供着重要的保障和支持,与此同时也对我们的环境造成了一定的影响。为了进一步了解甘肃高速公路扬尘与水污染问题,文章以甘肃河西地区高速公路环境监测为例,对公路施工期和运营期的扬尘和水污染问题进行了介绍并提出相应的解决措施,以期为甘肃高速公路扬尘和水污染治理提供参考。     

转型与回归

在一个杂志里,我们做了一个梦。在一个梦里,我们做了一本杂志。这不是庄周与蝶的哲学命题,我们一直做着行业大治的梦,《运输经理世界》的灵魂和道路运输业的生存发展惺惺相惜、息息相关,我们一直在搭建协作与交流的平台,去引导舆论,延展视野,力求信息对称,参谋助推行业。     

电子商务与物流发展:机遇与挑战并存

2011年10月,商务部发布了《"十二五"电子商务发展指导意见》(以下简称《意见》)。《意见》提出,到2015年,我国规模以上企业应用电子商务比率达80%以上,应用电子商务完成进出口贸易额占我国当年进出口贸易总额的10%以上,网络零售额相当于社会消费品零售总额的9%以上。就在商务部发布《意见》后不久,工业和信息化部也于2012年初出台了《电子商务发展"十二五"规划》(以下简称"《规划》"),并提出到2015年,电子商务交易额翻两番,突破18万亿元。网络零售交易额突破3万亿元,占社会消费品零售总额的比例超过9%。商务部与工业和信息化部的纷纷发文不仅对电子商务未     

广西船员教育与培训的问题与对策

文章分析了广西船员发展的现状和趋势,探讨了广西船员教育与培训工作存在的问题,并提出了改进船员教育与培训工作的对策。     

交通与土地利用一体化的主要内容与实现途径

本文在分析现代城市病产生原因的基础上,从交通的角度提出了解决现代城市病的对策思路。在此基础上,阐述了交通一体化的内容、交通与土地利用一体化的关键和实现途径。作者提出防止现代城市病的关键是混合土地使用、严格控制通勤圈半径和建立公交主导的绿色交通系统。     

Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities

Recent years have shown a rising popularity of the concept of resilience—both theoretically and empirically—in complex systems analysis. There is also a rising literature on resilience in the transport and spatial-economic field. The pluriform interpretation of resilience (e.g., engineering vs. ecological resilience) is related to methodological differences (e.g., stability in dynamics vs. evolutionary adaptivity). But in all cases the fundamental question is whether a complex system that is subjected to an external shock is able to recover, and if so, to which extent. The present paper [Based on presentation from cluster 6 (Accessibility) of the Nectar 2015 conference in Ann Arbour, USA.] aims to add a new dimension to resilience analysis in spatial systems, by addressing in particular the relationship between spatial accessibility at a municipality level and the resilience outcomes of the spatial system concerned. It does so by investigating to which extent accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities has mitigated the local shock absorption from the recent economic recession. In our study the shock absorption capacity of municipal accessibility is estimated by analysing the relevant resilience indicators for the period concerned. In this context, conventional resilience indicators based on either multivariate complex data (in particular, the Foster Resilience Capacity Index) or employment data (in particular, the Martin Resilience-Employment Index) are confronted with spatial connectivity data based on local accessibility measures, so that geographical mobility may be regarded as one of the shock-mitigating factors. The empirical analysis is carried out for two countries which have both proven to be rather shock-resistant during the recent economic crisis, viz. Sweden and The Netherlands. Clearly, the geographical structure of these countries forms a sharp mutual contrast, viz. a spatially dispersed economy with a few distinct urban concentrations versus a spatially dense economy with one major metropolitan centre (the Randstad), respectively. Our experiments are carried out for the 290 municipalities in Sweden and 40 COROPs in The Netherlands. Our research findings show relevant and new insights into differences in the local recovery potential in Sweden and The Netherlands.     

铁路隧道防排水现状与思考

文章针对铁路隧道的防排水现状,指出了目前在防排水设计与施工中存在的问题和难点,并进行了具体分析,在防水类型的选择、地下水处理、衬砌外围结构防水、内衬砌防水等方面提出了铁路隧道防排水的措施和建议。     

材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划技术成果简介

当前,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会已提升为国家战略。交通运输部为加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型交通,组织开展了“材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划”。通过专项行动大力推广路面再生技术、废胎胶粉筑路应用技术、机制砂混凝土技术以及聚合物改性水泥混凝土技术等西部交通建设科技项目成果,以为交通建设资源的高效利用和循环使用提供示范。本刊现以专栏形式介绍上述成果的相关内容,以飨读者。     

Modeling and analysis of mixed flow of cars and powered two wheelers

In modern cities, a rapid increase of motorcycles and other types of Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) is observed as an answer to long commuting in traffic jams and complex urban navigation. Such increasing penetration rate of PTWs creates mixed traffic flow conditions with unique characteristics that are not well understood at present. Our objective is to develop an analytical traffic flow model that reflects the mutual impacts of PTWs and Cars. Unlike cars, PTWs filter between cars, have unique dynamics, and do not respect lane discipline, therefore requiring a different modeling approach than traditional “Passenger Car Equivalent” or “Follow the Leader”. Instead, this work follows an approach that models the flow of PTWs similarly to a fluid in a porous medium, where PTWs “percolate” between cars depending on the gap between them.Our contributions are as follows: (I) a characterization of the distribution of the spacing between vehicles by the densities of PTWs and cars; (II) a definition of the equilibrium speed of each class as a function of the densities of PTWs and cars; (III) a mathematical analysis of the model’s properties (IV) an impact analysis of the gradual penetration of PTWs on cars and on heterogeneous traffic flow characteristics.The proposed model could contribute as an enabler for ‘PTW-aware’ future Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems technologies and traffic regulations.     

油气管道的腐蚀与防护技术研究

国内大多数油田在开采过程中,油井伴生气通常含有成分不等的CO2、H2S等腐蚀性气体,同时由于油气集输系统也不可能完全密闭,造成大气中的O2等腐蚀性气体进入油气生产系统,因此油气生产系统存在的腐蚀类型多种多样。针对油气管道的腐蚀现状,简要综述了CO2腐蚀、H2S腐蚀、氧腐蚀机理及其影响因素。并在此基础上介绍了阴极保护技术、耐蚀材料防腐技术、工程防腐技术、化学防腐技术等几种国内外常用的防腐措施。     

Characterisation of and reflections on the synergy of bicycles and public transport

The bicycle is often understood as a disjointed ‘feeder’ mode that provides access to public transport. We argue that combined use of the bicycle and public transport should be understood in a broader perspective, especially where bicycles link to higher speed and higher capacity public transport, such as the train. Cycling and public transport can have a symbiotic relationship forming a hybrid, distinct transport mode, which should be reflected in transport planning. The bicycle is as a way to soften the rigid nature of public transport and thus accommodate diverse individual travel needs and situations. Public transport can be seen as a means to dramatically extend cycling’s speed and spatial reach. We combine a system perspective with conceptual analysis to explore how, why and when this reconsideration is important. We use the Netherlands as illustrative case because of the relative maturity of its bicycle–train connections. The case shows that the synergy between rather opposite yet highly complementary aspects, high speed of the train, high accessibility of the bicycle and flexibility in combining both sub-modes, are the fundamental characteristics to understand the functioning of this system in a wider spatial context. In our conclusion we propose a research agenda, to further explore the relevance of this system for land-use and transport planning and distil wider implications for the international debate.     

公交支付方式及其效率调查分析

智能系统的广泛使用,带来了移动支付的普及。公交支付在传统IC卡和现金支付的基础上,加入了云闪付和二维码支付。为探究移动支付对公交支付效率的影响,基于杭州市公交发展现状,制定了公交支付情况的调查方案。通过对所选10、93、97公交线路的早、晚高峰和平峰的三天实地调查,采集视频数据并使用SPSS进行定量统计分析,发现公交乘客刷卡占62%、二维码占27%、云闪付占6%、现金占5%。当乘客提前做好准备时,刷卡支付时间为1.29 s,低于云闪付的1.42 s和二维码的1.65 s,而未准备好时用时分别为6.74 s、10.94 s、8.54 s。通过相关性和多元线性回归分析得出"提前拿卡"、"上车掏卡"、"提前开二维码"和"上车开二维码"四种支付方式对公交停留时间延长的影响最大。     

清管器跟踪定位技术的现状与展望

基于文献调研结果,从功能不断完善和发展的角度出发,将清管器跟踪定位技术划分为“通过指示”、“精确定位”和“循迹跟踪”3个阶段,并介绍了每个阶段对应技术的应用原理、优缺点和工程应用情况。通过综述清管器跟踪定位技术的发展历程,介绍了各种技术目前存在的问题以及完善思路,为后续研究方向和工程应用提供参考。     

高速公路改扩建工程水土保持监测与评价

开展水土流失监测是水土保持监管的重要手段。文章以广西沿海高速公路改扩建工程一期工程水土保持监测实践为例,分析了工程建设水土流失特点,介绍了水土保持监测技术和方法,并通过对工程实例监测结果的分析评价,提出了水土保持监测工作中易出现的问题及相应的解决方案。