全球海盗活动分析与应对措施

从海盗活动总体分析入手,分析海盗的分类、海盗活动区域和海盗袭击的船型。围绕西非、东南亚、印度洋高危区、孟加拉、印度、中美洲海盗特点展开论述,从船舶防海盗措施、公司防海盗措施、以军事力量打击海盗及国际社会对相关国家的帮助等几方面提出应对海盗的措施。     

船岸协同 防范海盗劫持船舶

中国外运长航集团有限公司针对海盗活动,在岸基防海盗和船舶防海盗措施取得效果的基础上,建议增加中国海军护航力量,对新造船舶反恐和防海盗特别设施、设备、安全舱室等进行规范,呼吁国际社会给予航经亚丁湾海域船舶携带自卫武器的特别许可。     

2021年全球海盗事件分析

依据国际海事局(IMB)发布的全球海盗事件年度报告,主要从地域与时间分布、海盗武器装备与船员受伤害情况、袭击成功率与船舶状态、船舶类型与船旗国等维度统计2021年全球海盗事件的规律特点,分析海盗事件的风险及近年的变化情况.     

基于点模式的海盗活动空间演变分析——以索马里海域海盗为例

为了能够更加直观清晰地分析海盗活动空间变化规律,更好的反映海上安全治理的效果,本文引入空间点模式分析方法来探究海盗袭击区域空间演变过程。文章分别运用标准差椭圆、多距离聚类分析、核密度估计等方法分别从海盗活动区域整体特征、集聚模式以及海盗活动热点地区进行研究,并根据不同时间数据对比海盗活动空间变化特点。最后以索马里海域海盗为实例进行分析,具体得出该海域海盗活动空间变化特点,以定量分析的方法为未来进行海盗治理工作以及防控策略奠定理论基础。     

全球海盗形势最新研究

海盗问题是当前航运界的热点问题,根据1991-2008年全球海盗攻击行为记录,对全球海盗问题的发展趋势、海盗频发的区域、海盗攻击情况、海盗的武器使用情况、海盗对人质的处置以及不同船型受海盗攻击情况进行详细的数据分析,对认清当前全球海盗问题的真实状况有很大帮助.通过探讨当今海盗泛滥的原因,对如何治理海盗问题提出了若干建议.     

国际海事组织发布反海盗新行动计划

国际海事组织近日发布一项新的反海盗行动计划，要求进一步加强国际海军合作和民间努力以打击海盗活动。这一行动计划的目的包括加强各国、各地区和各组织之间打击海盗活动的协调和合作．推动各国海军更大范围内的支持和合作以打击海盗活动．加大政治压力努力使被海盗劫持船只上的船员尽早获释以及对海盗猖獗地区国家提供援助以提高它们的反海盗能力等。     

海盗行为的法律问题

索马里海盗问题联络小组（CGPCS）第二工作组就海盗的逮捕和扣留、宣判后移交以及确保起诉海盗等问题举行了会议，取得积极成果。     

2022年全球海盗事件分析

依据国际海事局（IMB）发布的全球海盗事件年度报告，从地域与时间分布、海盗武器装备与船员受伤害情况、袭击成功率与船舶状态、船舶类型与船旗国等维度统计2022年全球海盗事件的规律和特点，分析海盗事件的风险及近年的变化情况，为航运公司和船舶评估海盗风险和采取防范措施提供参考。     

海盗威胁缘何连连升级

2009年,全球海盗袭击事件仍在继续且持续上升,特别是索马里水域.虽然各国海军行动有声有色,但似乎越打越猖獗.据国际海事局海盗报告中心最新统计数据,截止5月12日,2009年全球海盗袭击次数达114起,已经超过2008年的111起,其中亚丁湾和索马里沿海海盗袭击次数都已超过2008年全年.除此之外,西非、拉美等水域的海盗活动也愈演愈烈.东南亚特别是马六甲海峡的海盗在收敛一段时间后也有抬头迹象.海盗问题已经成为严重威胁海上安全的最大毒瘤.     

北欧海盗拾遗

欧洲人与北欧海盗 现在，只要提起亚丁湾的索马里海盗，简直到了无人不知、无人不晓的地步，海盗已成为世界的公愤。而历史上的北欧海盗与现在的索马里海盗多少是有区别的。网上查一下，给北欧海盗的定义是“来自挪威、瑞典和丹麦的胡作非为的强盗”。北欧海盗主要来自于挪威、瑞典和丹麦等地区，于公元800年-公元1100年间他们乘着长体船长期活跃在西北欧的海岸线上，进攻英格兰以及爱尔兰，甚至远行到直布罗陀和地中海一带。     

Introduction to the special issue on maritime security

The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 heightened awareness about the vulnerability of all modes of transportation to terrorist attack. The issue of maritime security has therefore become a major concern in the international maritime sector over the past several years. Globalization has led to a strong growth in seaborne trade; however, it simultaneously increases vulnerability to not only terrorism but also international criminal activities that threaten the world's supply chain. For example, in 2008, the rise in piracy activities in the Gulf of Aden brought the issue of maritime security to the forefront of international debate. In addition to the direct impact on ships, crews and cargoes, and on the maritime industry and governments, piracy also threatens global seaborne trade, and has an impact on energy security and the environment [UNCTAD, 2009, Review of Maritime Transport 2009 (New York: United Nations)]. Maritime piracy can pose substantial risks to seaborne trades, with considerable commodities, ranging between raw materials and energy to high-value manufactured products, being shipped between global economic powerhouses [FU, X. W., NG, A. K. Y., LAU, Y. Y., forthcoming, The impacts of maritime piracy on global economic development: The case of Somalia. Maritime Policy and Management]. Maritime security management, including the definition of security, maritime risk assessment, security measures, the regulation and policy of maritime security in shipping and port-related business operations has been receiving growing attention, both in practice and research.     

亚丁湾附近海域海盗犯罪的特点、成因及对策研究

近期,亚丁湾海域及索马里沿海海盗犯罪成为此海域海上安全的严重威胁。在认清当前海盗犯罪的特点及其成因的基础上,船方必须采取相应的防范和应急处理措施,确保船舶和船员生命安全。     

A study of the role of seafarers in combating piracy off the coast of Nigeria

Piracy off the coast of Nigeria portends grave danger to the economic, security, and sociopolitical development of the country. It also threatens both international and regional trade as well as the stability of the West African sub-region. Despite Nigerian government’s attempts to curb piracy caused by poverty, unemployment, including corrupt and weak maritime regulatory and security institutions, attacks by pirates have continued to occur off the country’s coast. Consequent upon the adverse effects of piratical attacks on their day to day activities, seafarers can facilitate the suppression of piracy off the Nigerian coast. This paper uses statistics, provisions of international instruments and domestic legislations, the United Nations Security Council resolutions, soft laws, and opinions of researchers to examine the nature, causes, and effects of piracy on seafarers in Nigeria. The author argues that seafarers are necessary partners to curb piracy off the coast of Nigeria through enforcing maritime security conventions and other related instruments as well as testifying against pirates during trials. In conclusion, this paper contends that acts of piracy adversely affect crew members’ life, health, family, job, and finance thereby providing an overwhelming motivation for seafarers to play a role in suppressing piracy off the Nigerian coast.     

浅析索马里海盗现状和船舶加强防范的措施（一）

目前,索马里海盗活动日益猖獗,对海上安全航行构成了重大威胁。文中通过分析近期索马里海盗活动的主要特点、手段和演变趋势以及反海盗行动面临的主要挑战,探索解决海盗问题需努力的方向,并对航经亚丁湾和索马里海域的中国籍船舶如何防范索马里海盗提出相关建议。     

A study of maritime security and piracy

This paper studies the contributing factors of maritime piracy by analyzing previous incidents that have been reported to the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Part of the analysis is to filter those ship types that are particularly vulnerable to piracy attacks. The paper also introduces the guidelines developed by the IMO and the industry envisaging to minimize the risk to ships that are exposed to attacks from pirates. It further describes the initiatives taken to develop a sustainable mechanism in the high-risk area (HRA)¹ to suppress piracy and other maritime crimes. This study reflects the fact that maritime security and piracy issues’ importance has been increasingly recognized in the 40 year history of Maritime Policy & Management.     

海盗防范经验探索

作为一种古老的犯罪行为,海盗曾经在相当长的时间里淡出了人们的视线。但是,20世纪90年代以来,伴随着东南亚海盗事件的上升,全球海盗事件开始急剧增加,仅登记在案的全球海盗犯罪事件就由之前的每年几起、几十起猛增到每年几百起。日益猖獗的海盗攻击事件不仅给人们的生命和财产安全带来了极大的威胁,还危及到国际海洋运输和贸易的安全与秩序。此外,装载有毒有害物质的船只如果受到海盗的攻击还可能造成海洋或邻近海岸环境生态的严重污染。因此,发现海盗行为特点,找出海盗日益猖獗原因,了解国际社会态度,采取有效措施已成为一项刻不容缓的历史重任。     

Piracy off West Africa from 2010 to 2014: an analysis

Piracy is one of the most frequent maritime threats. However, despite the importance of how maritime piracy is to be reduced, it is substantially less investigated than maritime safety. Piracy off Somalia is the most investigated case of piracy, but those results are not necessarily generalizable. Piracy off West Africa has been shown to be more diverse, successful and dangerous. This study investigates and analyses piracy off West Africa with the aim to understand how different operations and security measures affect the consequences of piracy. This study has identified several different intents and shows that most attacks are relatively close to shore and correspond to areas of high ship density. Attacks with the intent of theft at night-time are generally performed close to shore, and more complicated attacks against ships under way are more common during daytime and farther from shore. Five types of measures are found to have high effectiveness if the attack is detected during approach; after boarding, only two measures have high effectiveness. Of the effective measures, it can be concluded that all but one are dependent on detecting the attack. Therefore, detecting the pirates is key but must be accompanied by a set of measures because no measure alone can protect a ship given the operational conditions off West Africa. The risks associated with piracy off West Africa are estimated to be of the same magnitude as the risks posed by Somali piracy at its peak.     

Drops in the bucket? A review of onshore responses to Somali piracy

That piracy needs to be addressed onshore is a widely shared assumption. While the majority of counter-piracy measures focus on the sea, a number of onshore counter-piracy initiatives have been launched. We can observe the seeds of an alternative land-based policy approach. One set of land-based programs aims at strengthening the legal and security state apparatus to better deter and punish pirates. The other set of programs aims at addressing local populations on regional, clan or village levels. Such projects aim at increasing surveillance, sensitizing populations for the consequences of piracy, and providing rehabilitation or alternative livelihood opportunities. In this article, I review the latter type of projects and discuss the promises and difficulties of addressing piracy by such measures. I discuss five major problems: knowledge problems, implementation problems, counterintuitive consequences, tensions towards other parts of counter-piracy strategy, and the securitization of aid.     

Maritime security: an update of key issues

This paper presents a comment on some of the key issues relating to piracy, terrorism, regulatory approaches and economic issues stemming from maritime security measures. It takes a wide ranging view of these issues and argues that security measures must be managed effectively so as not to be perceived as burdensome. Furthermore, any measures adopted must cover the whole of the international logistics supply chain and not just the shipping component of such distribution channels.     

Private maritime security company (PMSC) in the Strait of Malacca

Recently, maritime security issues in the Strait of Malacca have been in the limelight. Statistics highlighting the risk of piracy faced by shipping in the Strait of Malacca and the possibility of a terrorist attack have led to an enhanced awareness of the need for heightened security. The declaration by Lloyd’s Joint War Committee (JWC) of the Strait as a “war risk area” has strengthened the perception that the littoral states have not done enough to make the Strait secure for international trade.