铰接式自卸车橡胶弹簧悬架系统试验研究

采用模拟随机输入路面谱激励室内台架试验的方法,对装有新型橡胶弹簧悬架系统的某型号铰接式自卸车进行台架试验研究,以评价橡胶弹簧悬架系统的减振性能和整车行驶平顺性。试验结果表明由于橡胶弹簧悬架系统某些参数匹配不合理导致该车行驶平顺性很不理想,通过优化悬架及座椅的刚度和阻尼参数,可提高整车行驶平顺性,并给出了座椅弹簧的优化结果。     

基于平顺性的四轴重型商用车悬架参数优化

为提高车辆行驶平顺性,建立某四轴重型商用车悬架动力学模型,并对悬架参数进行优化。模型中,在车辆结构上考虑了平衡悬架和驾驶室,在悬架力学特性上考虑了阻尼非线性。采用遗传算法对车辆悬架的刚度特性和阻尼特性进行优化,优化综合考虑了车辆在不同路面等级下以不同车速行驶的平顺性。对优化前后驾驶室处垂直加速度均方值进行仿真对比,结果显示,优化后车辆行驶平顺性得到有效提高。     

一种全地形车橡胶扭力轴套扭转刚度建模及优化方法

橡胶扭力轴套具有体积小、重量轻等优点,逐渐取代扭杆等传统悬架形式在全地形履带车中得以应用。扭力轴套的扭转刚度决定了悬架的减振性能,进而影响整车平顺性表现,目前尚缺乏从全地形车整车平顺性角度出发的扭转刚度模型。结合橡胶扭力轴套悬架结构特点,从橡胶元件的非线性特性出发建立扭转刚度的理论模型,并结合整车动力学模型,以路面不平度作为激励输入计算平顺性指标,建立扭转刚度参数的响应面模型并进行优化。优化后的扭转刚度模型提高了全地形车的平顺性,为全地形履带车橡胶扭力轴套的扭转刚度特性设计提供了理论依据。     

基于复合悬架的重型卡车平顺性仿真优化

针对公路行驶的重型载货汽车,基于多体动力学理论建立悬架系统及整车的ADAMS多刚体动力学模型:用功率谱密度对平顺性做频域分析,在典型工况下,采用路谱激励对系统的动态特性进行仿真分析,对悬架系统参数自动优化以进一步提高车辆的行驶平顺性。     

基于ADAMS和响应面法的汽车悬架阻尼优化与试验

基于响应面法和ADAMS/Car虚拟样机模型,在不改变悬架刚度前提下,根据不同的行驶条件对前、后悬架阻尼参数进行了优化匹配.设计了前、后悬架可调阻尼减振器并进行台架性能测试.将可调阻尼减振器装车进行随机路面平顺性试验的结果表明,采用优化后悬架阻尼参数的整车行驶平顺性得到改善,验证了响应面法和阻尼优化匹配方案的有效性.     

全地形履带车橡胶扭力轴套扭转刚度特性研究

在全地形履带车辆中,体积小、重量轻的橡胶扭力轴套悬架逐渐取代了扭杆等传统悬架形式,其中扭转刚度特性是车辆减振性能的关键。针对橡胶扭力轴套中扭转刚度特性设计缺乏的问题,从线性和非线性两种情况,分别依据扭杆悬架、单双气室油气悬架的刚度特性,推导了等效扭转刚度特性下的扭力轴套扭转刚度模型。基于全地形车动力学模型进行了仿真,通过平顺性指标对不同的扭转刚度特性进行了评价。仿真结果表明,依据单气室油气悬架刚度特性设计的扭转刚度模型具有较好的平顺性表现。扭力轴套扭转刚度的研究为全地形车橡胶扭力轴套刚度特性的设计提供了理论依据。     

渐变刚度板簧建模方法与刚度特性仿真研究

渐变刚度钢板弹簧作为主要的承载元件,其刚度特性在衰减悬架总成传递的载荷以及提高整车的行驶平顺性过程中具有重要意义。本文在渐变刚度板簧的刚度特性分析中,建立了离散beam梁模型、柔性体动力学模型以及有限元模型,结合试验参数曲线进行了对比分析。通过分析认为柔性体动力学模型的刚度曲线特性与试验刚度曲线特性较为吻合,在整车平顺性仿真中实用性较强,结果与实际较为接近。     

重型牵引车空气悬架系统减振器最佳阻尼特性匹配

车辆悬架系统的阻尼决定车辆悬架的特性,对车辆行驶平顺性和安全性具有重要影响。为了设计车辆的最佳减振器,利用悬架系统的最佳阻尼比,分析前后悬架系统减振器最佳阻尼系数,建立减振器最佳速度特性数学模型。利用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car模块建立了重型牵引车整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,进行整车平顺性仿真分析和悬架系统动力学仿真。匹配结果表明,对该悬架系统,减振器所做的匹配设计是正确有效的,改善了悬架系统的运动特性和整车平顺性。     

基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化研究

简述了基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化设计方法.利用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car建立了某轿车整车多体动力学模型,并确定了车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的评价目标.以悬架弹簧刚度、减振器阻尼特性和横向稳定杆刚度为设计变量,利用近似优化数学模型对该轿车进行了操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性的多目标优化计算.结果表明,近似模型技术对于汽车性能的平衡优化是一种十分有效的方法.     

基于Matlab的橡胶气囊隔振系统非线性数值分析及特性试验

从车辆动力学方面考虑,悬架系统应保持良好的平顺性。橡胶气囊隔振系统由空气弹簧、蓄能器和连接二者的管道三个主要部分组成。通过使用Matlab软件分析橡胶气囊隔振系统非线性数值模型,对悬架刚度、阻尼因子和传递率进行仿真并与试验进行对比,发现上述三个特性所反映的悬架性能与悬架部件的尺寸密切相关。通过仿真分析及试验结果对比,文章提出了一种隔振系统低频下的优化策略。     

基于正交试验的虚拟样车平顺性分析及参数选择

利用多体力学理论,在机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS中建立了某车的整车多体力学模型。将虚拟样车在三维空间道路上进行平顺性仿真试验,通过正交试验方法研究了前、后悬架弹簧刚度及相关主要衬套等性能参数对汽车行驶平顺性的影响,并根据正交试验的结果优选了相应的设计参数。     

Roll and pitch independently tuned interconnected suspension: modelling and dynamic analysis

In this paper, a roll and pitch independently tuned hydraulically interconnected passive suspension is presented. Due to decoupling of vibration modes and the improved lateral and longitudinal stability, the stiffness of individual suspension spring can be reduced for improving ride comfort and road grip. A generalised 14 degree-of-freedom nonlinear vehicle model with anti-roll bars is established to investigate the vehicle ride and handling dynamic responses. The nonlinear fluidic model of the hydraulically interconnected suspension is developed and integrated with the full vehicle model to investigate the anti-roll and anti-pitch characteristics. Time domain analysis of the vehicle model with the proposed suspension is conducted under different road excitations and steering/braking manoeuvres. The dynamic responses are compared with conventional suspensions to demonstrate the potential of enhanced ride and handling performance. The results illustrate the model-decoupling property of the hydraulically interconnected system. The anti-roll and anti-pitch performance could be tuned independently by the interconnected systems. With the improved anti-roll and anti-pitch characteristics, the bounce stiffness and ride damping can be optimised for better ride comfort and tyre grip.     

非线性汽车行驶平顺性模型的神经网络优化

本文运用离散生成随机路面输入的方法，在时城上对11自由度非线性整车行驶平顺性模型进行了分析研究，并在此 以径向基函数神经网络对悬架参数进行了优化计算。模型及算法合理准确，为汽车行驶平顺性的进一步研究提供了有价值的参考方法。     

汽车磁流变非线性悬架模糊控制

建立了整车悬架系统的三维模型,根据试验数据得出了前后悬架弹簧的非线性特性曲线。前后悬架减振器均采用磁流变减振器,采用Bouc-Wen参数化模型为其阻尼力模型。采用模糊控制算法为整车半主动控制算法,采用ADAMS和Matlab联合对整车平顺性进行仿真。结果表明,采用模糊控制算法控制磁流变非线性悬架可提高整车的平顺性。     

Roll- and pitch-plane-coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension. Part 2: dynamic response analyses

In the first part of this study, the potential performance benefits of fluidically coupled passive suspensions were demonstrated through analyses of suspension properties, design flexibility and feasibility. In this second part of the study, the dynamic responses of a vehicle equipped with different configurations of fluidically coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension systems are investigated for more comprehensive assessments of the coupled suspension concepts. A generalised 14 degree-of-freedom nonlinear vehicle model is developed and validated to evaluate vehicle ride and handling dynamic responses and suspension anti-roll and anti-pitch characteristics under various road excitations and steering/braking manoeuvres. The dynamic responses of the vehicle model with the coupled suspension are compared with those of the unconnected suspensions to demonstrate the performance potential of the fluidic couplings. The dynamic responses together with the suspension properties suggest that the full-vehicle-coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension could offer considerable potential in realising enhanced ride and handling performance, as well as improved anti-roll and anti-pitch properties in a very flexible and energy-saving manner.     

橡胶元件在汽车悬架中的应用分析

介绍了橡胶元件在汽车悬架中的应用现状,分析了橡胶衬套力学特性的理论研究方法和试验技术,并对某汽车悬架橡胶衬套进行了有限元分析和试验验证。阐述了橡胶衬套对汽车平顺性、操纵稳定性及高频NVH特性的影响,并通过实例讨论了橡胶衬套对悬架运动学性能的作用和衬套刚度优化方法。指出,需进一步研究橡胶元件对汽车高频动态性能的影响。     

Analysis and optimization of air suspension system with independent height and stiffness tuning

Suspensions play a crucial role in vehicle comfort and handling. Different types of suspensions have been proposed to address essential comfort and handling requirements of vehicles. The conventional air suspension systems use a single flexible rubber airbag to transfer the chassis load to the wheels. In this type of air suspensions, the chassis height can be controlled by further inflating the airbag; however, the suspension stiffness is not controllable, and it depends on the airbag volume and chassis load. A recent development in a new air suspension includes two air chambers (rubber airbags), allowing independent ride height and stiffness tuning. In this air suspension system, stiffness and ride height of the vehicle can be simultaneously altered for different driving conditions by controlling the air pressure in the two air chambers. This allows the vehicle’s natural frequency and height to be adjusted according to the load and road conditions. This article discusses optimization of an air suspension design with ride height and stiffness tuning. An analytical formulation is developed to yield the optimum design of the new air suspension system. Experimental results verify the mathematical modeling and show the advantages of the new air suspension system.     

汽车主动悬架系统的自适应模糊控制方法

本文提出了一种汽车主动悬架系统的自适应模糊控制方法，该模糊控制方法可以有线自适应调整模糊控制的有关参数。1/4车辆模型作为系统仿真对象，模糊逻辑控制器可以显著发减小车辆的振动及干扰，提高车辆受路面激励时车辆的舒适性。仿真结果清楚地表明该模糊控制方法的有效性。另外，当主动悬架系统模型参数发生变化时该模糊控制器表现出良好的鲁棒性。     

汽车行驶平顺性评价方法研究及仿真分析

汽车平顺性是汽车NVH性能的评价指标之一。系统介绍了汽车行驶平顺性的客观评价方法,并结合某车型搭建整车行驶平顺性虚拟样机,进行了仿真分析评价。该方法可用于指导汽车行驶平顺性的改善以及悬架参数的优化。