升浆混凝土施工技术在港工建筑物加固工程中的应用

升浆混凝土施工技术对专项加固港工建筑物水下部分有很好的适应性和独特的优势。结合港工上已采用的典型加固案例,阐述了该方法在加固破损的沉箱码头结构、增强重力式码头抛石基床稳定性和减小已有建筑物的沉降量方面的较大优势,对升浆混凝土的施工工法程序、特点和施工的技术要点进行了叙述和分析,是一种很好的就地加固方法,尤其适用于加固一些港工建筑物破损的水下部位或基础部分。采用升浆混凝土施工技术具有经济、方便、快速和安全的特点。     

升浆混凝土施工技术在港工建筑物力悃工程中的应用

升浆混凝土施工技术对专项加固港工建筑物水下部分有很好的适应性和独特的优势。结合港工上已采用的典型加崮案例，阐述了该方法在加固破损的沉箱码头结构、增强重力式码头抛石基床稳定性和减小已有建筑物的沉降量方面的较大优势，对升浆混凝土的施工工法程序、特点和施工的技术要点进行了叙述和分析，是一种很好的就地加固方法，尤其适用于加固一些港工建筑物破损的水下部位或基础部分。采用升浆混凝土施工技术具有经济、方便、快速和安全的特点。     

智能舰船机械设备主动减振系统设计

船舶柴油主机的振动不仅会产生噪声,还会导致船舶机械结构的疲劳破坏,因此必须要采取相应的措施,降低船舶柴油主机的振动。相对于传统的被动振动控制,主动振动控制具有更高的自适应性和灵活性,减振效果更加明显。本文主要介绍一种基于DSP控制的船舶柴油主机主动控制系统,并通过ANSYS有限元模态分析对该主动振动控制系统的性能进行仿真。     

立阵管理及其实际应用

本文根据科技改革以来研究所的管理实践,通过对传统及现有管理模式的分析比较,依据现代管理理论,设计并建立了立阵管理模式,阐述了其原理、结构及特点,并总结了其应用实例及成效,指出了它的适用范围。实践证明,这是一种有效的先进管理模式。     

立阵管理及其实际应用

本文根据科技改革以来研究所的管理实践,通过对传统及现有管理模式的分析比较,依据现代管理理论,设计并建立了立阵管理模式,阐述了其原理、结构及特点,并总结了其应用实例及成效,指出了它的适用范围。实践证明,这是一种有效的先进管理模式。     

氰凝在高桩码头耐久性防护及破损修补中的应用

介绍氰凝的性能及在工程上的应用情况前景，它是用于港口工程建筑物破损修补补强和结构混凝土耐久性防护的1种好材料。     

大型散货船船体损伤事故及对策研究

该文对近年来发生的大量大型散货船船体损伤及沉船事故的结构力学原因及管理原因进行了全面研究分析，指出了船体结构设计缺陷部位和管理不善的要点。具体描述了破损发展过程。提出了新散货船船体结构型式的改进方案；提出了现有散货船船体结构的加强措施；提出了加强管理的具体意见。     

高校档案信息前端控制和全程管理流程

高校行政管理模式多为职能管理模式，如教学管理与档案管理往往各自为政互不相干，仅在每年归档时档案部门向教学部门索要档案时产生联系。档案管理基本是一种被动的后端管理模式，其管理方式往往不仅不被归档部门认同，而且被认为给部门增加额外工作量。原因是没有把档案工作职责划入部门内部工作范畴。因此档案管理模式有必要从原先的后端管理向前端控制和全程管理的模式转变，使档案管理从行政职能管理模式转变为归档部门与档案部门间的流程管理模式。     

振动控制在土木工程中的应用探讨

结构控制按是否需要外部能源和激励以及结构反应的信号,可以分为被动控制、主动控制、混合控制和半主动控制。本文简单介绍了这几种控制方法并比较了这几种方法的优劣;指出结构振动的智能控制成为国际振动控制研究的前沿领域;并说明结构振动控制研究在土木工程中的实际应用;最后指出结构振动控制领域有待进一步解决的问题。     

环境友好型土工管袋堤心斜坡式防波堤的开发与利用

环境友好型土工管袋堤心斜坡式防波堤是新型的环境友好型水工建筑物之一,它通过对土工管袋进行海砂（或淤泥）充填后,通过施工设备将成型的土工管袋定位于堤心范围内,使其构成斜坡式防波堤堤心主要结构的一种新式防波堤。同传统的块石堤心斜坡式防波堤相比,土工管袋堤心斜坡式防波堤有节约资源、环境友好,造价低,施工快捷方便等优点,是实现港口工程建筑物生态可持续发展的一种大胆创新,这种创新型的防波堤可在淤泥质及砂质海岸地区的港口建筑物中广泛使用,具有良好的生态景观效果和应用前景。     

Research and development of a digital design system for hull structures

Methods used for digital ship design were studied and formed the basis of a proposed frame model suitable for ship construction modeling. Based on 3-D modeling software, a digital design system for hull structures was developed. Basic software systems for modeling, modifying, and assembly simulation were developed. The system has good compatibility, and models created by it can be saved in different 3-D file formats, and 2D engineering drawings can be output directly. The model can be modified dynamically, overcoming the necessity of repeated modifications during hull structural design. Through operations such as model construction, intervention inspection, and collision detection, problems can be identified and modified during the hull structural design stage. Technologies for centralized control of the system, database management, and 3-D digital design are integrated into this digital model in the preliminary design stage of shipbuilding.     

An overview of maintenance management strategies for corroded steel structures in extreme marine environments

Maintenance is playing an important role in integrity management of marine assets such as ship structures, offshore renewable energy platforms and subsea oil and gas facilities. The service life of marine assets is heavily influenced by the involvement of numerous material degradation processes (such as fatigue cracking, corrosion and pitting) as well as environmental stresses that vary with geographic locations and climatic factors. The composition of seawater constituents (e.g. dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature content, etc.) is one of the major influencing factors in degradation of marine assets. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of maintenance management strategies can have a significant impact on operational availability and reliability of marine assets. Many research studies have been conducted over the past few decades to predict the degradation behaviour of marine structures operating under different environmental conditions. The utilisation of structural degradation data – particularly on marine corrosion – can be very useful in developing a reliable, risk-free and cost-effective maintenance strategy. This paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art and future trends in asset maintenance management strategies applied to corroded steel structures in extreme marine environments. The corrosion prediction models as well as industry best practices on maintenance of marine steel structures are extensively reviewed and analysed. Furthermore, some applications of advanced technologies such as computerized maintenance management system (CMMS), artificial intelligence (AI) and Bayesian network (BN) are discussed. Our review reveals that there are significant variations in corrosion behaviour of marine steel structures and their industrial maintenance practices from one climatic condition to another. This has been found to be largely attributed to variation in seawater composition/characteristics and their complex mutual relationships.     

Simulation-based fatigue crack management of ship structural details applied to longitudinal and transverse connections

It is of continuing importance for ship structural design to establish a system to compute the growth behavior of fatigue cracks propagating in structural details. In the present paper, a simulation program is developed for multiple fatigue cracks propagating in a three-dimensional stiffened panel structure, where it can predict fatigue crack lives and paths by taking into account the interaction of multiple cracks, load shedding during crack propagation and welding residual stress. Various fatigue crack propagations in longitudinal stiffeners of ship structures are investigated by both the present simulation method and experiments. From these results, it is found that the crack propagation may considerably change, depending on the loading conditions, structural details and residual stress distributions. This means that one could possibly manage to avoid fatal damage of the skin-plate by properly designing the structural details. Furthermore, these results may imply a possibility to realize a rational fatigue crack management if one can estimate the fatigue crack-propagation behavior during the ship lifecycle. The present simulation program may offer a useful numerical tool for this purpose.     

港口与海岸工程结构全生命周期概率设计

在港口与海岸工程结构整个生命期内,环境条件和结构系统的状态均会随时间发生变化。结构系统状态变化主要包括:由环境条件作用产生的结构累积损伤(或变形或位移)、钢或钢筋混凝土构件锈蚀、地基冲刷或淤积、地基物理力学指标降低或提高等。文中提出了考虑整个生命周期内环境条件和结构系统状态变化的工程结构全寿命周期概率设计的概念,并结合沉箱式防波堤在长期波浪作用下累积滑移概率分析和考虑钢筋混凝土结构构件抗力随时间变化的钢筋混凝土结构可靠度分析,在工程结构全寿命周期概率设计理论方面进行了初步探讨,为该课题的深入研究提供参考。     

抗振板壳结构的仿生拓扑优化设计方法

以抗振结构设计为目标,将仿生设计技术应用于板壳结构加强部件的分布设计中,提出了一种简单高效的结构拓扑优化设计方法,以处理具有复杂边界条件的抗振板壳结构的拓扑优化设计.将结构加强部件分布的形成看成和植物根系的成长过程一样,加强部件从给定的"种子"出发,根据一定的成长规则生长、分歧或退化,在体积增量的控制下,形成最优的分布形态.设计结果可作为进一步详细设计的近似优化模型.对一些典型的抗振板壳结构进行了设计,结果表明所提出的方法克服了现有的结构拓扑优化技术的一些局限性,可简单有效地处理复杂结构的设计问题.     

葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物运行维护管理实践

葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物的质量直接影响水利枢纽的使用寿命。葛洲坝船闸运行38年以来,严格执行国家、部颁法律法规及标准对其水工建筑物进行运行维护管理,建立科学规范的维护管理体系,加强日常巡查、仪器监测、日常维护和监测数据管理,采取船闸监测设施自动化改造、结构缝渗漏处理等工程处理措施,创新船闸检修施工方法、工艺和技术,构建船闸快速检修体系,组建专业船闸检修队伍,不断提升运行维护的管理能力和水平,从而确保葛洲坝船闸水工建筑物安全、稳定运行。     

饱和冲量及其等效方法在舱室内爆炸中的应用

[目的]对于受到爆炸脉冲载荷冲击作用的船体结构,基于饱和冲量现象的相关研究表明,仅根据最大载荷幅值和脉冲总冲量来设计船体结构是不合理的,需探究工程应用中的饱和冲量现象.[方法]首先,总结饱和冲量概念的提出及研究发展;然后,以舱室内爆炸为典型算例,分析内爆炸载荷的曲线特性及结构响应特征;最后,基于饱和等效方法将复杂的内爆...     

Development of simplified method for prediction of structural response of stiffened plates under explosion loads

During their lifetime, marine structures may be exposed to accidental loadings such as from collisions or explosions, as well as environmental loadings such as from slamming, sloshing and green water. Such loadings can cause damage to structures. Therefore, to minimize such damage, advanced and robust design guidelines should be formulated. Among those loads, in this study, explosions imparting an impulsive pressure loading containing a rapid increase in pressure and a short duration that can cause serious casualties, property losses, and marine pollution were considered. In this paper, a practical and robust method for damage assessment of marine structures exposed to explosion loads based on a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system and numerical simulations is proposed. The SDOF method was improved by introduction of new and better idealization resistance for the system and consideration of the effect of strain-rate, and subsequently was verified by a numerical method developed using the commercial ABAQUS software package. The numerical method was itself validated by comparison with relevant pulse pressure test data available in the open literature (good correlation was shown). Based on the validated numerical models, a rigorous parametric study of the structural response of stiffened plates having actual scantlings of offshore structures was performed. The numerically obtained maximum deformations were compared with the results from the improved SDOF method in a parametric study, and the variation of both methods was verified. Finally, simple yet accurate and reliable formulations for prediction of structural response were empirically derived. These formulations are expected to be usefully employed as a first-hand tool for prediction of damage extent of marine structures (including offshore structures) due to explosion loads.     

ERA法识别大型结构损伤与定位

大型结构物的重要性不言而喻,一旦结构物发生损伤,如何对结构进行实时损伤监测,是一个有价值的研究方向。特征系统算法(ERA)是近年来出现的时域模态参数识别技术。本文阐述了该算法的基本原理和具体实现方法,采用一典型的数值算例考核了ERA方法的可行性及其抗噪能力,实施了结构模型的模态参数辨识。计算结果表明该方法能够对结构物在发生质量和刚度的损伤时,实时有效的损伤识别与定位。     

结构完整性管理在海洋平台延期服役评估中的应用

结构完整性管理是为保证钢结构从安装到退役全生命周期过程的适用性评价系统。依据结构完整性管理的基本要素数据、评价、策略和程序,对渤海海域某延期服役平台导管架结构进行评估,提出延期服役改进措施和后期服役的监测重点,为延期服役平台的结构评估提供借鉴和参考,具有重要的现实意义和推广价值。