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沥青混凝土路面宏观纹理的多重分形特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为深入分析沥青混凝土路面表面宏观纹理特征,在12条不同等级的道路上,选取了包含沥青混凝土(AC)、沥青玛蹄脂碎石(SMA)、开级配抗滑磨耗层(OGFC)、微表处(MS)和稀浆封层(SS)等路面类型的35个测试点,利用激光断面仪开展了路面表面宏观纹理断面的现场测试.分析表明,沥青混凝土路面表面宏观纹理断面具有典型的多重分形特征,多重分形谱呈向右的钩形,多重分形谱的分布宽度(△a)反映了路面断面起伏幅度的变化范围,与路面表面平均断面深度(MPD)之间有较为显著的相关性.最小概率子集与最大概率子集的分形维数差(△f(a))表征了路面表面纹理不同起伏幅度的分布情况,从一个新的角度描述了路面表面断面的特征,丰富了对路面表面宏观纹理特征的描述. 相似文献
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目前缺乏对集料表面纹理的直接定量测量和评定方法,基于光纤传感法设计了激光轮廓仪,直接测量了7种不同粗集料的表面纹理,应用算术平均偏差Ra对集料表面纹理进行了定量评定,并对集料表面纹理的粗糙度进行了简单的分类,最后通过沥青混合料力学性能试验对测量和评定结果进行了验证。结果表明,采用激光轮廓仪能够直接、准确地测量集料表面纹理;算术平均偏差对集料表面纹理的评定是合理有效的;其他条件相同的情况下,粗集料表面纹理的R值越大,沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性和低潭抗裂性能越好. 相似文献
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通过铺砂法和摆式摩擦仪对两种用量的连续式混合的橡胶沥青、间歇式混合的橡胶沥青、基质沥青与间断级配、密级配组合得到的10种沥青混合料板的宏观纹理和微观纹理进行测量,研究了不同生产方式的橡胶沥青和矿料级配对沥青路面抗滑性的影响。结果表明:间断级配的沥青路面表面纹理比密级配沥青路面表面纹理构造要好;橡胶沥青路面比普通沥青路面的抗滑性好;橡胶沥青的加工方式对橡胶沥青路面的宏观纹理影响显著,对微观纹理影响不大。 相似文献
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基于AutoCAD.DXF的道路网络模型的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在Visual C 6.0编译环境下,采用计算机辅助设计AutoCAD技术结合C 语言,设计了城市路网模型.首先利用CAD技术绘制了交通地图,以DXF文件的形式保存起来;然后用Visual C 编译器实现了道路网络模型的开发.快速、准确地建立了道路网络模型. 相似文献
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沥青路面纹理形貌是影响道路抗滑性能的重要因素,而路面纹理具有自相似分形特性,因此借助分形特性实现路面纹理量化,对研究路面纹理与抗滑性能之间的联系具有重要意义。从宏观和微观这2个层面总结了沥青混合料纹理和集料纹理的单重、多重分形特性相关研究;分析了分形理论在路面抗滑级配设计和抗滑集料筛选中的应用,总结了基于分形理论的多种抗滑级配设计模型,提出了基于分形理论的集料优选新思路;对比分析了分形理论与参数统计法、力学解析法及有限元模拟法在路面抗滑性能预测中的结合应用。研究结果表明:分形分析为路面纹理描述提供了新思路,但其分析方法仍未突破关键瓶颈,在模型精确性、标准化、系统性方面仍有一定限制;分形理论与抗滑级配设计和抗滑集料筛选的结合应用仍处于探索阶段,需进一步加强设计方法的合理性研究,验证其在实际工程中的适用性;横向对比各类基于纹理分形特性的抗滑预测模型性能,结果表明,有限元模拟预测模型在实际应用中能更准确地还原复杂条件下的胎-路接触状态,更具发展潜力。展望了基于纹理分形特性的沥青路面抗滑性能的未来研究方向,主要包括多尺度的纹理分形特征与抗滑性能的关联规律、实际工程分形参数判别标准,以及基于分形理论的智能抗滑预测体系构建。 相似文献
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公路实时三维可视化系统构架 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于公路CAD研究成果以及计算机图形学领域的最新发展,提出高性能、高扩展性的公路实时三维可视化系统构架,讨论了地形原始数据的预处理、地表三维建模、道路三维建模、道路模型与地形模型的实时整合、景观及附属设施三维建模、高效的场景管理、地形层次细节模型等功能设计与软件实现技术,并采用设计模式设计了类之间的组织模型,利用C 和DirectX 9.0c开发了公路实时三维可视化原型系统。最后依托实际工程项目对原型系统进行了测试和验证,实现了实时三维可视化手段对公路设计过程的支持以及对设计成果进行实时评价的目的。 相似文献
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以基于实景三维模型的BIM设计为导向,按照土建工程设计各阶段的不同需求,兼顾模型几何精度和纹理质量,提出轻量化实景三维模型数据质量评定方法。解决了轻量化后的实景三维模型数据质量控制的难题,为其广泛应用到BIM设计中打下坚实基础。改变了传统测绘数据成果的交付形式,从勘察测绘环节促使设计人员使用BIM技术,进而加快BIM技术的普及和应用,加强BIM技术应用的深度和广度,最终实现BIM技术在建筑行业全生命周期过程中的普及和推广。 相似文献
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Dynamics of Tracked Vehicles 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J.Y. Wong Professor 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1997,28(2):197-219
This paper provides a brief review of the state-of-the-art of tracked vehicle dynamics, including mobility over soft terrain, ride dynamics over rough surfaces and manoeuvrability. It is found that considerable progress has been made in the development of analytical frameworks for evaluating and predicting tracked vehicle mobility over soft terrain, taking into account the characteristics of terrain response to normal and shear loading. Certain computer simulation models for tracked vehicle mobility have been gaining increasingly wide acceptance by industry and governmental agencies in product development and in procurement. It is also found that most of the research on tracked vehicle ride dynamics and manoeuvrability is confined to operations on rigid surfaces. To achieve a realistic evaluation and prediction of the dynamic behaviour of tracked vehicles in the field, the key is to have a better understanding of terrain response to dynamic vehicular loading, including its dynamic stiffness and damping. Challenges that face vehicle dynamicists in this emerging field are identified. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(2-3):197-219
SUMMARY This paper provides a brief review of the state-of-the-art of tracked vehicle dynamics, including mobility over soft terrain, ride dynamics over rough surfaces and manoeuvrability. It is found that considerable progress has been made in the development of analytical frameworks for evaluating and predicting tracked vehicle mobility over soft terrain, taking into account the characteristics of terrain response to normal and shear loading. Certain computer simulation models for tracked vehicle mobility have been gaining increasingly wide acceptance by industry and governmental agencies in product development and in procurement. It is also found that most of the research on tracked vehicle ride dynamics and manoeuvrability is confined to operations on rigid surfaces. To achieve a realistic evaluation and prediction of the dynamic behaviour of tracked vehicles in the field, the key is to have a better understanding of terrain response to dynamic vehicular loading, including its dynamic stiffness and damping. Challenges that face vehicle dynamicists in this emerging field are identified. 相似文献
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Sugjoon Yoon 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2003,39(5):353-363
Summary Terrain surfaces have to be modeled in very detail and wheel-surface contacting geometry must be well defined in order to obtain proper ground-reaction and friction forces for realistic simulation of off-road vehicles. Delaunay triangulation is one of the most widely used methods in modeling 3-dimensional terrain surfaces, and the T-search is a relevant algorithm for searching resulting triangular polygons. The T-search method searches polygons in a successive order and may not allow real-time computation of off-road vehicle dynamics if the terrain is modeled with many polygons, depending on the computer performance used in the simulation. In order to accelerate the searching speed of the T-search, a terrain database of triangular polygons is modeled in multi-levels by adopting the LOD (Level of Detail) method used in real-time computer graphics. Simulation results show that the new LOD-search is effective in shortening the required computing time. The LOD-search can be even further accelerated by introducing the NN (Neural Network) algorithm, in the cases where a appropriate range of moving paths can be predicted by cultural or geographical or empirical information of the simulated terrain, such as lakes, houses, etc. Numerical tests show that LOD-NN search almost doubles the speed of the original T-search. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(5):353-363
Summary Terrain surfaces have to be modeled in very detail and wheel-surface contacting geometry must be well defined in order to obtain proper ground-reaction and friction forces for realistic simulation of off-road vehicles. Delaunay triangulation is one of the most widely used methods in modeling 3-dimensional terrain surfaces, and the T-search is a relevant algorithm for searching resulting triangular polygons. The T-search method searches polygons in a successive order and may not allow real-time computation of off-road vehicle dynamics if the terrain is modeled with many polygons, depending on the computer performance used in the simulation. In order to accelerate the searching speed of the T-search, a terrain database of triangular polygons is modeled in multi-levels by adopting the LOD (Level of Detail) method used in real-time computer graphics. Simulation results show that the new LOD-search is effective in shortening the required computing time. The LOD-search can be even further accelerated by introducing the NN (Neural Network) algorithm, in the cases where a appropriate range of moving paths can be predicted by cultural or geographical or empirical information of the simulated terrain, such as lakes, houses, etc. Numerical tests show that LOD-NN search almost doubles the speed of the original T-search. 相似文献
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选取普通水泥混凝土路面、普通拉毛水泥混凝土路面、大孔隙改性水泥混凝土路面三种路面结构类型,分别在晴天和阴天两种光线条件下拍摄数字图像照片,运用MATLAB数字图像技术将路面表面图像像素值量化,通过最小二乘法原理和Tablecurve 3D软件建立曲面拟合模型,提出基于数字图像处理技术的路面表面构造深度计算方法,并分析光线强弱对数字图像构造深度的影响。结果表明:路面表面数字图像构造深度计算方法具有便捷、快速、客观等优点;光线强弱对运用数字图像技术分析路面表面构造深度的影响可以忽略;三种路面结构类型相比,大孔隙改性水泥混凝土路面数字图像表面构造深度最大,具有良好的抗滑性能和排水功能。 相似文献