Shipping control and the changing use of marine space

In this paper Professor Couper discusses the divisions of marine space as set out in the Revised Single Negotiating Text of UNCLOS III in relation to maritime accidents. This is followed by a contribution by Mr Burger on statistical material related to the incidence of marine accidents in North-West European waters. The third section of the paper by Captain S. Abdelgalil, is devoted to a technical discussion on traffic lanes in confined waters.     

Shipping control and the changing use of marine space

In this paper Professor Couper discusses the divisions of marine space as set out in the Revised Single Negotiating Text of UNCLOS III in relation to maritime accidents. This is followed by a contribution by Mr Burger on statistical material related to the incidence of marine accidents in North-West European waters. The third section of the paper by Captain S. Abdelgalil, is devoted to a technical discussion on traffic lanes in confined waters.     

船舶柴油机气缸套凸肩裂纹原因分析

分析柴油机故障中常见的机体裂纹故障原因,认为由于设计缺陷和管理及操作不当,易造成船舶柴油机缸体上的裂纹多发生在气缸套凸肩处。如不及时处理这些裂纹和故障,就会造成缸套的裂纹直至出现缸套漏水等严重后果,针对NANTAIQUEEN轮柴油机对该类型故障的检修提出具体措施。     

变频调速技术在港口及船舶起重机械中的应用

文章主要介绍具有位能性负载特点的港口及船舶起重机械电气传动中交流变频调速技术的应用及发展趋势，指出PWM调制的优点和采用功率晶闸管有源逆变器的能量回馈技术的经济性。     

中国改变世界

自从2000年以来,中国对全球GDP增长的贡献比后3个新兴经济体———印度、巴西和俄罗斯———加在一起的总和还要多近1倍。2004年,世界经济增长率为4.5%,中美两国经济增长的贡献占到了一半,其中中国经济增长的贡献超过了美国;同年全世界贸易增量中至少有20%是中国的贡献。2005年全球GDP增长2.5%,中国贡献了其中的30%左右,这是一个惊人的数字。中国对外开放第一阶段让世界进入中国,第二阶段让中国走向世界,第三阶段中国开始改变世界。     

Policy making and planning for the port sector: paradigms in conflict

Policy making is a complex and diverse process—particularly in relation to the provision and location of port and port related infrastructure. The planning stage of port infrastructure, or indeed transport planning more generally, may be finalized only to experience policy failure as implementation of the planned facility cannot be successfully completed. When this occurs planning and implementation failure is invariably perceived to be driven by a political agenda and it is argued that 'politics gets in the way'—that politics 'distorts' a scientifically rational planning process. Is it the case that politics 'gets in the way'? Or that politics distorts a technical and scientific process? Or is it the case that planning constitutes only one part, but an integral one, of the policy process—a process that is inherently political? And if that is the case, can we legitimately separate the planning process from that of policy making? This paper discusses the fundamental differences between the planning and policy-making processes. It argues that transport planning is one element in a broader process of policy making which incorporates political and other social/economic/environmental elements. It will argue that planning is a fundamental part of the policy-making process and, if successful completion is to be achieved, it cannot be divorced from that process. The paper will provide a conceptual framework which will incorporate these apparently conflictual activities. This model, if adopted, is likely to enhance both the planning and policy-making processes.     

Policy making and planning for the port sector: paradigms in conflict

The UK has a requirement for people with seafaring expertise to fill a wide range of jobs in the maritime-related sector of the economy ashore. The pool of seagoing ships' officers has now reached the level where shore-based demand for such officers cannot be satisfied by natural wastage from this pool alone. This paper considers the implications of this for the Government's recently announced strategy for maintaining the maritime skills base. The paper concludes that it is inevitable that the Government's present strategy will fail, and suggests what measures need to be taken if the skills base is to be saved.     

浅述监理工程师应如何处理工程延期

所谓工程延期是指由于承包商责任以外的原因而造成工期的延长称为工程延期。在港口工程建设施工过程中,造成工程延期的原因是多方面的,影响工期的因素也是很多的,文章加以分析阐述。     

监理工程师怎样才能做好施工进度控制工作

进度控制是监理工程师在实施对工程建设施工监理的三大控制目标之一。进度控制的目的就是监督施工单位采取有效措施,确保按合同工期完成承包任务,确保按期竣工交付使用,使建设项目按预定时间投产目标的实现。     

Sewering the coast: Bane or blessing to marine water quality

Abstract

local wastewater management policies can be important tools for protecting marine water quality when coordinated with sound land use and environmental planning. that relationship is examined through a review of the point and nonpoint source pollution issues associated with centralized versus decentralized wastewater management approaches, sewerage extension and plant expansion effects, and sewerage management practices. we use information provided by 161 local jurisdictions in coastal regions of the southeastern united states and various secondary regions of the southeastern united states and various secondary sources. the article concludes with a discussion of policy implications and recommendations to improve the coordination of local sewerage extension/expansion practices and land use planning.     

中国海事:积极应对海上统一执法

在举国上下热议十八大报告中提出的建设海洋强国战略的兴奋心情尚未消退之际,国务院在提交十二届全国人大一次会议审议的《国务院机构改革和职能转变方案》中又提出重新组建国家海洋局,推进海上统一执法的方案,再一次引起广大人民群众的热议,也引起了外国特别是我国周边国家的高度关注。     

新版考试大纲对大管轮培训的影响及对策

以2005版《主推进动力装置》考试大纲为例,分析它与1997版的区别及对培训机构大管轮培训的影响,提出了有关培训机构的应对措施。     

Large oil tankers and the Baltic marine environment: A statistical survey

The short Baltic export route for Russian oil is an attractive source of supply for the European energy market. The article examines the Russian oil export trade in the Baltic based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data from 2005 matched with supplementary data. The first part of the article gives a survey of activities and characteristics of 261 large crude oil tankers, their flag states and owner countries. The second part views the data in the context of accidental oil spill risk. Greek and Russian owners are leading carriers in this trade. Russia plays a double leading role as oil exporter and shipowning country, securing major cargo shares for nationally owned vessels, while also giving a preferential spot in the trade to Greek owners. Where environmental aspects are concerned, previous research has linked vessel characteristics with the risk of casualty. Knowledge of flag, age, ownership and activity levels adds useful information about environmental risk. The data show that flags associated with very high casualty or detention probabilities were represented by 18% of the activity in this trade. Older vessels have a similar share, and at this particular time probably represent the more serious threat of accidental oil spills.     

The changing role of ports in supply-chain management: an empirical analysis

As integrated supply-chain management (SCM) is now at the epicentre of business transformation, firms are breaking down boundaries between internal functions, as well as between the enterprise itself and key partners in the value chain (e.g. customers, distributors, suppliers and carriers). One of the main goals of such new management approach is to get everyone in the supply chain into a common platform of logistics transactions and information systems.

Against such background, the aim of this work is to analyse how and if port operators can face the challenge of higher integration, on the assumption that the higher the integration between the actors the higher the competitiveness of the whole supply chain.

Accordingly, we adopted an SCM approach in the analysis of the port of Le Havre in Renault's supply chain. More specifically, we referred to the Lambert tri-dimensional model based on supply chain's structure (actors), key business processes and links between actors. The field work—which mainly consisted of semi-structured interviews to Renault, logistics and port operators, and, finally, to the Le Havre Port Authority—was crucial to gather the needed information.     

The changing role of ports in supply-chain management: an empirical analysis

As integrated supply-chain management (SCM) is now at the epicentre of business transformation, firms are breaking down boundaries between internal functions, as well as between the enterprise itself and key partners in the value chain (e.g. customers, distributors, suppliers and carriers). One of the main goals of such new management approach is to get everyone in the supply chain into a common platform of logistics transactions and information systems.

Against such background, the aim of this work is to analyse how and if port operators can face the challenge of higher integration, on the assumption that the higher the integration between the actors the higher the competitiveness of the whole supply chain.

Accordingly, we adopted an SCM approach in the analysis of the port of Le Havre in Renault's supply chain. More specifically, we referred to the Lambert tri-dimensional model based on supply chain's structure (actors), key business processes and links between actors. The field work—which mainly consisted of semi-structured interviews to Renault, logistics and port operators, and, finally, to the Le Havre Port Authority—was crucial to gather the needed information.     

The implications of piracy on marine insurance: some considerations for the shipowner

A prominent feature of modern day piracy is the ransom that is demanded for the safe release of the ship, cargo and crew. The recent upsurge of this type of piracy, in areas of the world that are of strategic importance to the shipping industry, has created many challenges for shipowners, underwriters and the law relating to marine insurance. The aim of this paper is to examine how the marine insurance market is being affected by the threat of modern day piracy, and seeks to identify the options that are available for the recovery of a ransom payment by the shipowner. Moreover, this study aims to identify the legal issues that might prevent a shipowner from recovering a ransom payment under an insurance policy or from the other interests in a common adventure. The study establishes that a reasonably made ransom payment by the shipowner will amount to an extraordinary expense that is taken to minimise or avert a loss. Such an act can generally be recovered under the insurance policy as a sue and labour expense or from other interests in the common adventure as a general average expense. However, illegality, unseaworthiness and exemption clauses in a marine policy are identified as being legal issues that may prevent a shipowner from recovering the ransom payment. Some of these problems may be overcome if clauses are carefully drafted to specifically cater for modern day piracy in a marine insurance policy. Several inconsistencies may also be resolved by transferring the piracy peril to war risks cover. The shipowner’s duty is to respond to the changing circumstances, by ensuring that his vessel is sufficiently equipped and the crew is properly trained to resist a hijacking.     

CAXA制造工程师CAD/CAM系统在数控加工中的应用

主要论述CAXA制造工程师CAD/CAM系统在数控加工中的应用过程：理解二维图形、建立加工模型、确定加工工艺、生成刀具轨迹、加工仿真、后置处理、输出加工代码。     

服务国家海洋发展战略提升海洋地理信息保障能力

0引言 随着人类进入探索海洋、研究海洋、利用海洋的时代,海洋逐渐成为人类生存发展的第二空间。海洋测绘正是伴随航海实践和海上探险活动的开展而逐渐发展起来的,它是一切海上活动的基础和先导。作为海洋测绘成果,海洋地理信息是人类对海洋进行探索和认知的科学表达,它涵盖从海空、海岛、海面、水体到海底的多种海洋自然地理要素和海洋重力、磁力、水文、军事等专题要素,体现了海洋科学、空间科学、信息科学等学科领域的交叉融合,为人类认识海洋、了解海洋和有效利用海洋提供了可靠的依据。简而言之,人类的一切海上活动都离不开海洋地理信息的保障。