COVID-19 Interpretable Diagnosis Algorithm Based on a Small Number of Chest X-Ray Samples

The COVID-19 medical diagnosis method based on individual's chest X-ray (CXR) is achieved dif-ficultly in the initial research,owing to difficulties in identifying CXR data of COVID-19 individuals.At the beginning of the study,infected individuals' CXRs were scarce.The combination of artificial intelligence (AI)and medical diagnosis has been advanced and popular.To solve the difficulties,the interpretability analysis of AI model was used to explore the pathological characteristics of CXR samples infected with COVID-19 and assist in medical diagnosis.The dataset was expanded by data augmentation to avoid overfitting.Transfer learning was used to test different pre-trained models and the unique output layers were designed to complete the model training with few samples.In this study,the output results of four pre-trained models in three different output layers were compared,and the results after data augmentation were compared with the results of the original dataset.The control variable method was used to conduct independent tests of 24 groups.Finally,99.23％ accuracy and 98％recall rate were obtained,and the visual results of CXR interpretability analysis were displayed.The network of COVID-19 interpretable diagnosis algorithm has the characteristics of high generalization and lightweight.It can be quickly applied to other urgent tasks with insufficient experimental data.At the same time,interpretability analysis brings new possibilities for medical diagnosis.     

人工智能的搜索策略在物料管理系统中的应用

人工智能中的搜索策略广泛地应用在许多领域，在分析人工智能的搜索策略一宽度优先搜索算法的基础上，在开发的物料管理系统中采用了该算法，物料管理系统是某工厂CIMS工程的一个子系统，采用人工智能的搜索技术对大型数据库的数据进行处理，大大提高了程序的执行效率和速度，优化了程序设计，该系统已投入实际应用。     

人工智能的搜索策略在物料管理系统中的应用

人工智能中的搜索策略广泛地应用在许多领域.在分析人工智能的搜索策略-宽度优先搜索算法的基础上,在开发的物料管理系统中采用了该算法.物料管理系统是某工厂CIMS工程的一个子系统,采用人工智能的搜索技术对大型数据库的数据进行处理,大大提高了程序的执行效率和速度,优化了程序设计,该系统已投入实际应用.     

Guillain-Barre综合征早期电生理变化及分型再认识

分析了31例Guillain－Barre综合征（GBS）的电生理改变。有14例于病后3周行肌电图检查。早期运动神经传导速度（MCV）异常率为71．01％，主要表现为末端潜伏时（ML）延长，占61．22％，其次为MCV轻度减慢，而感觉神经传导速度（SCV）及肌电图（EMG）对早期GBS的诊断价值有限．但EMG鼻常出现越早，则预后越差。31例电生理特点分型：髓鞘型GBS27例（87．09％），轴索型GBS2例（6．4％），另有2例（6．4％）髓鞘及轴索损害均较重，预后差，故认为可能是两者同时损害的混合型。     

Guillain-Barre综合征早期电生理变化及分型再认识

分析了31例Guillain－Barre综合征（GBS）的电生理改变。有14例于病后3周行肌电图检查。早期运动神经传导速度（MCV）异常率为71．01％，主要表现为末端潜伏时（ML）延长，占61．22％，其次为MCV轻度减慢，而感觉神经传导速度（SCV）及肌电图（EMG）对早期GBS的诊断价值有限．但EMG鼻常出现越早，则预后越差。31例电生理特点分型：髓鞘型GBS27例（87．09％），轴索型GBS2例（6．4％），另有2例（6．4％）髓鞘及轴索损害均较重，预后差，故认为可能是两者同时损害的混合型。     

脑电双频谱指数和心率变异指数联合用于监测腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者麻醉深度的临床观察

目的采用脑电双频谱指数(BIS)和心率变异指数(HRVI)联合监测腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的麻醉深度,观察手术患者中枢神经系统的抑制程度及植物神经系统对外科手术等伤害刺激的反应性,更加合理地评价腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的麻醉深度。方法选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,全麻下择期腹腔镜胆囊切除手术患者80例,依麻醉深度检测手段的不同随机分为4组:对照组(组Ⅰ)、BIS监测组(组Ⅱ)、HRVI监测组(组Ⅲ)、BIS和HRVI联合监测组(组Ⅳ),维持BIS值40~50,HRVI值30~40。结果麻醉期间组Ⅳ丙泊酚的使用量显著低于组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ;组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ瑞芬太尼的使用量显著高于组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ;组Ⅳ苏醒时间显著短于组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ;拔管后患者烦躁例数组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ显著低于组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ。4组患者术后均未发生术中知晓。结论采用BIS和HRVI联合监测腹腔镜胆囊切除手术患者的麻醉深度,可以较为准确地反映手术患者中枢神经系统的抑制程度及植物神经系统对外科手术等伤害刺激的反应性,可更加合理地评价麻醉深度。     

人工智能背景下学习中心课堂的价值困境与突破路径

建构学习中心课堂是我国当今课堂教学改革的基本取向,人工智能为学习中心课堂带来了全新的机遇和挑战.从时空发展、学习资源以及学生个性发展三个方面审视人工智能下学习中心课堂的价值.揭示目前人工智能下学习中心课堂的困境,包括“工具价值大于教育价值——明显的技术主义倾向”、“学生主体大于教师主导——教师的主导性作用被轻视”以及“...     

HYBRID STRATIFIED ATMS AND ANN FOR CASE-BASED REASONING

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NONINVASIVE DETECTION OF BRAIN ACTIVITY VARIATION UNDER DIFFERENT DEPTH OF ANESTHESIA BY EEG COMPLEXITY

Objective To detect the change of brain activity under different depth of anesthesia （DOA） noninvasively. A,fethods The Lempel-Ziv complexity C（n） was used to analyze EEG and its four components （delta, theta, alpha, beta）, which was recorded from SD rats under different DOA. The relationship between C（n） and DOA was studied. Results The C（n） of EEG will decrease while the depth of anesthesia increasing and vice versa. It can be used to detect the change of DOA sensitively. Compared with power spectrum, the change of C（n） is opposite to that of power spectrum. Only the C （n） of delta rhythm has obvious variations induced by the change of DOA, and the variations of delta is as similar as the EEG＇s. Conclusion The study shows that the desynchronized EEG is replaced by the synchronized EEG when rat goes into anesthesia state from awake, that is just the reason why complexity and power spectrum appear corresponding changes under different DOA. C（n） of delta rhythm dynamic change leads to the change of EEG, and the delta rhythm is the dominant rhythm during anesthesia for rats.     

决策支持物流管理信息系统的设计与开发

介绍了决策支持系统的概念及其内容，分析了在物流管理信息系统基础上实施决策支持系统的必要性和可行性，并针对库存问题研制了决策支持系统，研究了决策支持在物流企业中的实际应用．利用现代的信息分析技术，把决策支持系统应用于信息系统，将管理信息系统延伸为决策支持下的管理系统，为企业决策者提供决策支持，提高企业核心竞争力．     

原发性胆囊癌诊治的历史、现状及展望

原发性胆囊癌是胆道系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率在我国逐年增高。由于原发性胆囊癌无特异性的临床表现,临床发现的胆囊癌多属中晚期,根治性切除率低,预后差。本文就原发性胆囊癌诊治的有关文献,结合本单位50年来945例原发性胆囊癌诊治的临床资料,在胆囊癌发病的高危因素、影像学诊断、分子生物学研究、治疗进展以及存在的问题进行了分析,提出:目前对原发性胆囊癌的早期诊断依然困难,继续深入开展对胆囊癌致病高危因素的基础与临床研究、对胆囊癌的二级预防具有重要的临床意义。以手术为主的综合治疗仍然是原发性胆囊癌治疗的主要手段,肿瘤的基因治疗正逐渐发展成为治疗原发性胆囊癌的一种新方法,已显示出良好的应用前景。     

轨道交通与城市协同发展的空间差异性分析：以北京市为例

为识别轨道交通与城市协同发展程度的空间差异性,以及不同空间范围内城市发展水平对轨道交通客流影响的差异性,引入描述空间集聚特征的莫兰指数Moran's I 建立轨道站点周边城市发展水平评价方法,将轨道站点周边城市发展水平和站点客流空间集聚分布特征作为轨道交通与城市发展协同程度判断标准,划定若干研究区域,利用地理加权回归GWR 模型研究两者空间相关性和城市发展因素对轨道交通客流的影响. 实证研究表明：轨道站点周边城市发展水平与站点客流协同程度较高的区域,城市发展水平对站点客流影响更大;将城市发展因素对站点客流影响程度进行排序,密度高于交通便捷程度、功能多样化程度和发展紧凑度.     

Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and evaluation of the clinical effect in post-hepatitic cirrhosis based on fuzzy analysis

In view of the problem of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is introduced to the diagnosis and evaluation of the clinical effect of hepatitis. A new diagnosis and evaluation model of the TCM clinical effect standard was presented. The old disputed evaluation model by subjective analysis can be displaced by this objective method in its evaluation system. The foundation of this method is the fuzzy diagnosis model. This method has been realized to diagnose hepatitis and its values in practice has been validated through examples of clinical syndromes of post-hepatitic cirrhosis.     

基于异构模型的铁路出发旅客衔接时间价值

旅客时间价值是开展区域综合交通一体化研究的重要参数.本文针对现有文献中铁路旅客衔接时间价值研究较少、异构模型计算结果的比较不够充分等问题,以成都铁路东客站出发旅客衔接方式选择SP数据为依托,建立了MNL、ML、LCL、Hybrid等异构模型,对异构模型所得旅客个体和样本总体的等候时间价值、车内时间价值进行了比较.结果表明：模型结构对时间价值求解有较大影响,ML中单侧三角分布模型求解结果较为合理;Hybrid模型在拟合效果上表现优良,但在个体等候时间价值求解结果中呈现出较为明显的偏态性,给总体统计描述带来一定的困难.由于目前尚无关于时间价值的明确比选方法,应用中可考虑取异构模型计算结果的均值.     

Photoacoustic Imaging by Use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System Scanner

Photoacoustic imaging acquires the absorption contrast of biological tissue with ultrasound resolution. It has been broadly investigated in biomedicine for animal and clinical studies. Recently, a micro-electromechanical system(MEMS) scanner has been utilized in photoacoustic imaging systems to enhance their performance and extend the realm of applications. The review provides a recap of recent developments in photoacoustic imaging using MEMS scanner, from instrumentation to applications. The topics include the design of MEMS scanner, its use in photoacoustic microscopy, miniature imaging probes, development of dual-modality systems,as well as cutting-edge bio-imaging studies.     

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本次论坛针对城市交通的发展需要,探讨了智能交通物联网和综合交通信息服务问题,认为智能交通物联网就是将技术实用、理念先进的物联网技术,融合各种先进的智能交通技术以及人工智能等技术,运用于交通管理、信息服务和车辆控制等智能交通领域,以达到人、车、路和环境之间的和谐统一,从而形成高效、准时、舒适、低碳的城市综合运输系统.在综合交通信息服务方面,强调服务内容的深刻性和个性化,以及服务模式的人性化、智能化.强调使综合交通物联网信息最大限度地与其他各类相关信息系统实现互联互通,进而催生新的应用和服务.     

The Application of Virtual Reality Technology to Ear Microsurgery

The broad application of virtual reality (VR) to medicine has been of great value. The virtual surgery is one of technically difficult applications. With the expansion of the increasingly fine and complicated ear microsurgery, new methods are required to train the doctors. It is necessary and of practical significance to apply VR to the ear micro-operation, which is a functional operation with high precision and great difficulties. In this article,medical VR applications were reviewed. The application of VR to the ear microsurgery was discussed and the virtual ear microsurgery system was designed.     

十二指肠胃反流对大鼠胃黏膜细胞增殖与凋亡及相关基因表达的影响

目的　探讨十二指肠胃反流 (DGR)引起大鼠胃黏膜损伤及癌变的发病机制。方法　健康成年雄性SD大鼠 (75只 )随机分为两组 :①DGR模型组 (5 5只 ) ,根据手术造模方式及反流量大小分为全反流组与部分反流组。②假手术对照组 (2 0只 )。采用pH监测仪测定胃液 pH ,用酶法测定胃液胆汁酸 (TBA) ,确定DGR模型成功。进行为期 3个月和 9个月胃黏膜损伤的动态观察。采用免疫组化方法分析不同病变胃黏膜组织PCNA、Bcl 2蛋白的表达。采用TUNEL技术观察胃黏膜细胞凋亡情况。结果　DGR模型大鼠胃液pH及TBA明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,证明DGR模型成功。模型大鼠病理改变出现浅表性胃炎→萎缩性胃炎→异型增生的动态演变过程。正常胃黏膜→浅表性胃炎→萎缩性胃炎 ,增殖指数 (PI)、凋亡指数 (AI)均呈上升趋势 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,PI与AI呈正相关 (r=0 .6 8,0 .71)。从萎缩性胃炎→异型增生 ,PI仍显著增加 ,在异型增生时AI突然下降 ,AI/PI也明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,AI与PI呈负相关 (r=- 0 .5 7)。萎缩性胃炎及异型增生时PCNA、Bcl 2蛋白表达显著高于假手术对照组及浅表性胃炎组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,萎缩性胃炎与异型增生之间PCNA、Bcl 2表达差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　细胞增殖与凋亡调节紊乱可能是十二指肠反流液造成胃黏膜损伤?     

道路交通统计生命价值测算模型及其验证

基于参数服从SB分布的混合Logit 模型进行道路交通统计生命价值的测算研究. 首先，结合意愿选择法和正交实验法设计出行路径选择调查问卷；然后，基于死亡风险系数服从对数正态分布和SB分布的混合Logit 模型，构建统计生命价值测算模型；接着以大连市私家车出行者为调查对象获得调查数据，并利用Monte Carlo 仿真方法进行模型参数标定；最后，对模型进行比较分析，并获得统计生命价值的测算值. 研究结果表明：死亡风险参数服从限制域为(0.0, 0.5)SB分布的混合Logit 模型，精确性更高且更合理；道路交通统计生命价值测算值为 105.76万元，这一结果可以作为道路交通安全项目经济评价的参考数据.     

Research on Spatially Adaptive High-Order Total Variation Model for Weak Fluorescence Image Restoration

Photoacoustic imaging acquires the absorption contrast of biological tissue with ultrasound resolution. It has been broadly investigated in biomedicine for animal and clinical studies. Recently, a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) scanner has been utilized in photoacoustic imaging systems to enhance their performance and extend the realm of applications. The review provides a recap of recent developments in photoacoustic imaging using MEMS scanner, from instrumentation to applications. The topics include the design of MEMS scanner, its use in photoacoustic microscopy, miniature imaging probes, development of dual-modality systems, as well as cutting-edge bio-imaging studies.