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目前,鄯-兰管线采用加降凝剂改性输送和加热输送相结合的工艺顺序输送塔里木油、哈油、吐哈油及北疆与塔里木混油。三塘湖支线是在鄯-兰管线建成后新建的注入管线,三塘湖原油凝点较高,且降凝剂感受性不理想、稳定性未知。当采用全注入时,需要研究三塘湖原油进入鄯-兰管线后,加热或加剂输送能否安全输送至炼厂;当采用部分注入时,需要研究三塘湖原油与其他原油掺混后物性变化情况,重点研究不加剂三塘湖原油掺入加剂油后物性变化情况。研究方案分为4个时间段,侧重点各有不同,结合鄯-兰管线实际运行情况和注入后对管线的影响两个方面按由急到缓的顺序排定了测试顺序,将为工期相对紧张的相应配套工程开展设计工作提供基础条件。 相似文献
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人从黄岛码头至黄岛油库(齐润)DN800原油管线为间断输送,设计中存在原油冷却凝固及伴热防凝的问题,本文阐述了软件的数学模型,进行了温度场的计算、解凝时间计算、各个温度条件下热损失的计算以及原油凝固时间计算等。经与中国管道科学研究院提供的实验数据比较,计算结果与实验数据十分吻合。本软件可应用到输油管线的伴热、解凝以及生产中。 相似文献
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通过对塔里木沙漠油、气管线,轮库输油复线,靖西输气管线施工过程进行技术服务,针对现场施工人员提出的问题和现行设备中存在的问题进行讨论,对于正确指导煤焦油瓷漆应用具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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离心泵选型是原油长输管道设计的重要组成部分。通过理论分析,建立了离心泵优化选型数学模型及离心泵库和电机库管理系统,并编制了计算机程序。 相似文献
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国内外石油管道输送技术发展综述 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
首先对国内外管道输送工业的历史进行了回顾。然后介绍了国外管道工业在采用大口径、高工作压力管道,篝的输油工艺,高效可靠的输送设备,提高自动化水平及先进的输入高含蜡原油技术等方面所采取的新技术及发展方向。最后给出了近年来我国输油工艺的技改措施。 相似文献
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以吐哈油库19#原油储罐引用国外先进的机械清洗设备清洗为例,介绍了该机械清洗设备的工作原理及其组成,结合吐哈油库19#原油储罐油质的特点,给出了此次原油储罐清洗系统布置及工艺流程。根据吐哈油库19#原油储罐的实际清洗效果,证明采用该机械清洗设备进行原油储罐机械清洗具有原油清洗彻底、原油回收率高、安全环保、施工周期短、节约施工成本等优点,该机械清洗设备可以得到普遍应用与推广。 相似文献
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"超限超载"的产生与发展,蕴藏着深层的内在运作机理,包含着复杂的经济社会原因.其中道路货物运输价格体系的长期扭曲失衡与成本结构的有欠合理是一个不容忽视的根本原因.为此,公路所开展了货运市场运价与成本"治超"专项研究,先后历时一个多月,行程数千公里,深入7省市运输一线,对21家典型企业和个体业户的23辆货车、24条线路进行了跟踪调查,获取了大量的第一手资料与原始数据,并对此进行了解析. 相似文献
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Ngila Mwase† 《运输评论》2013,33(3):191-206
Zambia has attempted to reduce her excessive transport dependency on her traditional transport routes via South Africa and the former Portugese colonies. The costly construction of the Tanzania‐Zambia Railway (TAZARA) was part of this diversification strategy. This article examines the nature, extent and direction of Zambian traffic, including its historical evolution. It explores further the place of TAZARA among the various routes to Mozambican, Angolan and South African ports, and the ensuing actual and potential competition. Future traffic patterns will be influenced not only by the direct and service‐oriented costs of the different lines, but also by the region's volatile and uncertain political climate. 相似文献
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Robert E. Paaswell 《Transportation》1973,2(4):351-371
An examination of current population statistics shows that in the U.S. more than half of the population is without immediate access to a car, and in the U.K. more than three-fifths of the population is without access to a car. This phenomenon has been accentuated by national investment in both countries in major highway programs. The term carless refers to more than just households that own no cars. It extends, in households with cars to those without licenses (old and young), the handicapped, and even the licensed drivers who have no access to the family car when it is in use elsewhere (e.g. at work). The most severely effected are those in urban areas and especially the urban poor. Transportation expenses are limited for the poor when other family expenditures (food, shelter) take a high priority. Once the work trip has been satisfied, money for other trips, for the poor, is not always available. One solution to cost-free travel is pedestrianism (walking), but this too is difficult in urban areas where the pedestrian has been overlooked in favor of the car. Solutions to problems of the carless include dial-a-ride, better public transit, and better design of urban form. 相似文献
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针对海中箱梁现浇施工中的工程量大、工期紧迫、悬臂法施工不能满足工期要求和施工难度大等问题,文章结合青岛海湾大桥箱梁现浇施工实践,介绍以钢管桩支撑作为承载基础,采用贝雷梁与碗扣式支架相结合的支架,成功地解决现浇箱梁施工难题的方法。 相似文献