基于DEA模型的港口企业规模效率评估

根据数据包络分析的CRS、VRS、NIRS模型原理,建立评价港口企业规模效率的定量依据,并对扬州港2000-2006年的生产样本数据进行实证分析.通过扬州港各决策单元的DEA有效性和规模收益分析,对其各年份的生产情况进行评价,从而衡量扬州港的生产经营效率状况,有利于港口企业在发展中准确定位,也为港口的投资建设提供决策指导.     

三角模糊数与数据包络分析在舰艇编队防潜队形选择中的应用

针对舰艇编队防潜队形选择的主观性问题,探讨了三角模糊数与数据包络分析(DEA)理论在舰艇编队防潜队形选择中的应用.采用三角模糊综合评价模型对典型方案队形进行评价优选,同时将DEA分析理论应用于编队队形的优选问题研究,构建了合适的DEA模型,分析了典型方案队形的相对有效性.通过求解,得出了最佳防潜队形--菱形队形.     

基于PCA和DEA的江苏省物流业碳排放效率评价

根据物流行业的特点并结合江苏省的实际情况,从物流业总体情况、交通运输、信息及人力资源等几大方面选取了8个投入指标,并以物流业增加值及货运汽车碳排放量为输出指标,构建出江苏省碳排放效率评价体系。针对传统方法的局限,利用主成分分析法对评价指标进行降维,并结合非期望产出处理等方法,再运用DEA方法对江苏省物流业碳排放的效率进行评价。研究表明,2010年江苏省13个城市中,南京、无锡等6个城市在综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率上都达到了DEA有效,规模报酬不变,碳排放效率是最好的;而其他几个城市没有达到DEA有效,因此对这些城市的松弛变量分布进行分析并有针对性的提出了改善建议,旨在促进其物流业的可持续发展。     

基于DEA的造船班组作业责任成本分析

将责任成本引入造船企业成本管理,采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法对造船班组作业责任成本进行分析评价,同时给出了适用的定量化分析方法。基于输入资源、成本动因及输出作业量三个因素,DEA方法可评价造船班组作业成本控制的效率,并为班组作业责任成本改进提供有价值的信息。运用上述方法对某造船企业的焊接班组作业进行分析,结果证明该方法客观、准确,具有较强的实用价值。     

一种新的炮兵装备维修资源优化配置模型

文章从炮兵装备维修系统的投入产出效率出发,针对文献[4]中资源配置模型的缺点,提出采用锥结构的资源配置双目标DEA模型,并证明了双目标DEA在提高效率方面优于单目标DEA模型的性质,建立了炮兵装备维修资源优化配置模型,最后,通过对一个算例的具体分析表明,利用文中引入的锥结构双目标DEA模型可以对装备维修资源进行统筹安排和合理配置。     

中国高技术产业创新效率实证研究--基于面板随机效应Tobit模型的估计

采用三阶段DEA模型测度出中国高新技术产业17个行业的平均创新效率,并将其分解为配置效率和研发效率。在此基础上得出我国高技术产业的创新效率的特点：第一,平均创新效率较低主要是由于低配置效率所导致;第二,同时发现我国高新技术产业研发效率主要受制于低规模效率。第三,高技术产业当前推动研发效率提升的同时却是以配置效率的下降为代价。因此,应注重发挥市场对于资源的配置效率,做到研发效率与配置效率的权衡,从而确保效率最大化。     

基于DEA方法的中小造船企业生产流程优化效率评价研究

为了有效、定量评估中小造船企业在改进生产流程方面的效率,采用数据包分析方法,在中小造船企业生产流程优化指标体系基础上,运用(CCR)模型对浙江台州地区10个船厂的生产流程优化效率进行评估和分析,指出非DEA有效造船企业优化造船生产流程的改进方向.     

A performance evaluation model for supply chain of shipping company in Iran: an application of the relational network DEA

Shipping business is capital intensive and highly competitive. It necessitates for the shipping companies to constantly monitor their performance and measure relative efficiencies of their supply chains. Despite such importance, the studies devoted to this field have been surprisingly limited. This paper reviews the involved factors and proposes a relational network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model for measuring the efficiency of supply chain of an international shipping company in Iran with relevant sub-processes in the period 2008–2011. First, the supply chain network of the company is illustrated and then the input and output variables associated to each member are determined. The proposed model is suitable for shipping companies which usually use similar pattern in this business. Finally based on the results, recommendations are made for improvements and a new field of business is also proposed.     

基于AHP和模糊综合评判的多普勒计程仪效能评估

文章结合多普勒计程仪导航功能应用特点,借鉴参数效能法的思想,基于层次分析法的基本原理建立导航效能指标体系,运用模糊综合评判理论建立评估模型,利用此模型对多普勒计程仪导航效能的影响因素进行评估,对计程仪导航效能分析具有一定的参考价值。     

An empirical study of the impacts of operating and market conditions on container-port efficiency and benchmarking

Despite the growing amount of research on container-port efficiency and benchmarking, the literature on the subject is yet to provide stable and consistent results across researchers and in relation to dynamic operating and market conditions. In this paper, we formulate a number of operational hypotheses to test the sensitivity of benchmarking results to port market and operating conditions namely production scale, cargo mix, transhipment ratio, operating configurations, and working procedures. A series of data envelopment analysis (DEA) models are used to measure the operational efficiency of 420 container terminal decision-making units from 2004 till 2010. The results show that variations in operating conditions highly impact terminal efficiency and that future work on container-port performance and benchmarking should take into account the structure and mechanisms underpinning the operations of container ports and terminals.     

Study on the design of propeller blade sections using the optimization algorithm

A new method for designing propeller blade sections is presented. A vortex lattice method is used to evaluate the performance and the time-dependent pressure distribution on the blade surface in a non-uniform flow, while efficient optimization algorithms are used to modify the blade sections. Two different designs were carried out in this study. The first was a design to realize a target pressure distribution in a rotating three-dimensional flow. A two-dimensional wing theory was used to obtain the target pressure distribution. The predicted increase in efficiency and the reduction in the cavity volume were confirmed by model experiments. The second was a design to maximize the propeller efficiency. By this method, the propeller efficiency was improved by 1.2% under the constrains of constant thrust and a prescribed margin for face cavitation.     

基于DEA 的山东省港口与区域经济的协调发展

在分析港口与区域经济互动发展的基础上,构建了基于DEA模型的港口城市经济和港口有效性的横向评价模型及随时间动态变化的港口与区域经济互动的纵向评价模型。横向评价结果表明:青岛属于港口和城市经济双有效城市;威海属于城市经济有效,港口无效型城市;烟台和日照则属于双无效城市;各港口发展程度各异,全省经济发展不平衡,存在着较大的地区差异。纵向评价结果表明:2000—2009年港口与区域经济未能实现系统双向有效协调。在此评价基础上,提出了促进山东省港口与区域经济协调发展的针对性战略举措。     

Environmental efficiency measures for ports: an application of RAM-Tobit-RAM with undesirable outputs

In this paper, the environmental efficiency of the ports is measured. Labour, fund and infrastructure input are selected as the inputs, container throughput, cargo throughput and main business income are selected as the outputs, CO₂ emission is chosen as the undesirable output. A new model—RAM-Tobit-RAM (Range Adjusted Measure) with undesirable outputs is built to evaluate the environmental efficiency. Ten Chinese ports from 2004 to 2013 are taken as the samples to verify its rationality. The results suggest that it is not necessarily beneficial for environmental efficiency to expand the port scale.     

全寿命费用的DEA优化逐步回归分析法及其应用

在全寿命费用估算建模领域,逐步回归能对多因素进行筛选,克服了建模因素之间的多重相关性对最小二乘估计的干扰。逐步回归分析法本质上是对数据平均趋势的估算,无法避免“由失真数据得到无效模型”的根本问题。为此,提出用数据包络分析（DEA）优化逐步回归的建模方法,用DEA方法对数据进行评价,剔除无效数据,将有效的数据用来逐步回归建模。该方法能有效克服干扰数据对提取成分的影响,弥补逐步回归方法的不足。通过实例计算并与逐步回归、多元线性回归比较分析,DEA优化逐步回归建模精度为2．64％,高于逐步回归的3．39％和多元线性回归的3．49％,具有实用价值。     

Announcements

The large variety of factors that influence port performance complicates the determination of port efficiency. This paper presents a new approach to the measurement of efficiency. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), as a it is called, has particular applicability in the service sector. Applying mathematical programming techniques. DEA enables relative efficiency ratings ti be derived within a set of analysed units. Thus it does not require the developmentof ‘standards’ against which efficiency is measured, although such standards can be incorporated in the DEA analysis. The efficiency of units is compared with an ‘efficiency envelope’ that contains the most efficient units in the group. The DEA approach will be demonstrated by a hypothetical numerical example where the performance of 20 ports are compared. The DEA efficiency ratings can be useful tool for port managers and for researchers, providing a deeper insight into port performance. Weaknesses can be detected, leadungs the way to potential improvements.     

Port performance comparison applying data envelopment analysis (DEA)

The large variety of factors that influence port performance complicates the determination of port efficiency. This paper presents a new approach to the measurement of efficiency. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), as a it is called, has particular applicability in the service sector. Applying mathematical programming techniques. DEA enables relative efficiency ratings ti be derived within a set of analysed units. Thus it does not require the developmentof 'standards' against which efficiency is measured, although such standards can be incorporated in the DEA analysis. The efficiency of units is compared with an 'efficiency envelope' that contains the most efficient units in the group. The DEA approach will be demonstrated by a hypothetical numerical example where the performance of 20 ports are compared. The DEA efficiency ratings can be useful tool for port managers and for researchers, providing a deeper insight into port performance. Weaknesses can be detected, leadungs the way to potential improvements.     

Energy efficiency optimization analysis of fuel cell/lithium battery hybrid ship based on whale optimization algorithm北大核心CSCD

[目的]为提升船舶的能源利用率,对多因素影响下的燃料电池/锂电池混合动力船舶能效优化方法进行分析。[方法]基于Matlab/Simulink仿真建模软件,建立对象船舶的能效仿真模型,研究通航环境要素对船舶能效的影响。考虑动力源特性和船舶功率需求,提出基于模糊逻辑的功率分配策略,以优化系统能量流动。然后在此基础上,以系统总能耗最低为优化目标,建立考虑多因素的船舶航速非线性优化模型,采用鲸鱼优化算法开展优化模型动态寻优,并进行不同航行方法和航行时间约束下的能效优化分析。[结果]结果显示,在总航行时间不变的情况下,采用所提的考虑多因素的船舶能效优化方法可以降低船舶5.04%的总能耗和13.16%的燃料电池氢气总消耗。[结论]所述方法对船舶节能减排具有积极的作用,同时对提高船舶续航力和经济性具有重要意义。     

模型在近程反导舰炮系统效能评估中的应用

数据包络分析(DEA)是评价相对效率的一种系统分析方法.以近程反导舰炮系统的战技术性能指标为输入,毁伤效果为输出,用DEA模型可得系统效性值及各输入性能指标的松弛变量.分析可得系统各战技术性能指标在毁伤效果中所起的作用,以寻求系统改进方法.     

基于FAHP法的舰艇防空作战中电子战效能评估

舰艇防空作战中电子战的作战效能是衡量防空作战能力的基本依据。为定量评估防空作战中电子战的作战效能,建立了评估防空作战中电子战作战效能的指标体系,并对其进行了分析。首先采用层次分析法确定各因素的权重,然后运用模糊理论对防空作战中电子战效能进行综合评价,用于对防空作战中电子战作战效能进行排序及优化,为指挥员的决策提供一定的量化分析和决策依据。     

移动粒子半隐式法的大涡模拟研究与应用

研究了移动粒子半隐式法(MPS),结合Smagorinsky涡粘模型,实现了MPS的大涡模拟。针对MPS中原自由表面判别方法容易造成非自由表面粒子被误判这一缺陷,提出了一种新的基于邻居搜索的混合判别方法,该方法在原方法容易出错的阶段使用邻居搜索,搜索范围和MPS模型中梯度模型一致以减少计算量,使用表明该方法能够较准确地识别自由表面并显著地减少原自由表面判别法导致的误判现象。在压力震荡现象方面,使用了一种时间-面积混合平均法。最后模拟了溃坝模型和半满液箱模型,模拟的结果同实验值基本保持一致。