基于AASHTO模型的锚泊船舶走锚撞桥概率模型

为预测河道中锚泊船舶因风、流等环境因素影响发生走锚后撞击上下游桥梁的风险,基于AASHTO船桥碰撞模型,提出一种锚泊船舶走锚撞桥概率计算模型.该模型相比AASHTO模型,添加走锚概率、停船概率的概念,重新定义几何概率.根据桥梁安全风险事件发生概率的等级判断标准,设计走锚船舶撞桥概率计算与风险等级判断方法,利用该模型对某...     

基于正交设计与 BP -GA 算法的船体结构耐撞性能优化设计

船体结构耐撞性优化设计的主要目的是在船舶碰撞研究的基础上对结构进行优化设计,提高船体结构的耐撞性能。基于正交试验设计、BP神经网络和遗传算法,形成了船体结构耐撞性能优化设计方法。提出了一种耐撞性综合指标,并以此指标作为优化的目标函数,以结构质量为约束条件,利用MSC/Dytran有限元软件对船舶碰撞进行数值仿真,完成对某船舷侧结构进行耐撞性优化设计,结果表明优化过后结构耐撞性能有较大提高,这为结构耐撞性能优化设计提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

小型快艇结构耐撞性研究

船舶碰撞是一种复杂非线性瞬态响应过程,在碰撞区内的构件一般迅速进入塑性流动状态,出现撕裂、屈曲等形式的破坏和失效,因此对小型快艇结构碰撞特性进行分析非常必要。分析了艇艏撞击作用下快艇舷侧加筋结构的渐进破坏过程,给出了撞深曲线。为表征小型快艇船体结构的耐撞性能,建立了基于综合考虑塑性应变衡准和撞深衡准的小型艇结构耐撞性评价模型。最后,运用有限元法进行数值分析,开展快艇改进舷侧的结构耐撞性优化研究。数值分析表明,对于中小型快艇,碰撞损伤主要是艇体的总体弯曲变形,损伤变形区域占全船的比例较大,采用塑性应变衡准和撞深衡准能有效地刻画中小型快艇结构耐撞性。     

一种新的碰撞耗散能快速估算方法及其在船—平台碰撞事故中的应用研究

海洋平台在作业过程中存在遭受船舶碰撞的潜在危险,一旦事故发生将可能导致结构严重损伤从而影响平台的作业安全,因此在平台结构设计阶段需要考虑其抗撞性能.文章以海洋供应船撞击半潜式钻井平台为研究对象,基于碰撞外部动力学理论和DNV规范计算方法,计及平台艏摇运动响应的影响,提出了一种新的耗散能估算方法-DNV`R解析法.以非线性有限元船-平台碰撞数值仿真结果为参考,将该解析法与规范法、Zhang解析法及Liu解析法计算结果进行对比,研究得出:文中所提出的DNV`R解析法弥补了规范法较为保守且仅适用于对心碰撞场景的不足,计算过程简单、便捷,且计算精度与Zhang解析法和Liu解析法基本接近,能够满足船-平台碰撞耗散能快速估算的精度要求.     

船舶碰撞研究中的若干问题

对船舶碰撞问题研究中几个主要问题的研究现状作了介绍和综述.从船舶碰撞机理、材料的临界断裂应变准则和应变率效应、船舶的耐撞性结构、“软首”结构以及船舶碰撞的主动防护与被动防护等5个方面进行了探讨和分析,并对内河船舶耐撞性研究提出了一些观点及建议.     

船舶舷侧结构耐撞性分析

为研究船舶舷侧结构的碰撞损伤过程,采用非线性动态响应分析方法,使用ANASYS/LS-DYNA显式动力分析软件,对船艏和船舷垂直碰撞过程进行数值仿真,获得了碰撞力、能量吸收和结构损伤变形的时序结果。为了分析船舶舷侧结构耐撞性能,本文对比了常见油船、新型Y型和X型舷侧结构的仿真过程,结果表明新型舷侧结构在整体的耐撞性能上优于传统的舷侧结构,承载构件的不同也会对结构的耐撞性产生很大的差异。     

一种基于IFP的单壳舷侧耐撞结构

改进船体结构耐撞性是开展船舶碰撞研究的一个主要目的.结构耐撞性设计,就是在碰撞研究的基础上,对传统的舷侧结构进行优化设计,或者设计一些具有特殊吸能元件的新型船体结构形式,来改善船舶的结构耐撞性能.目前,船舶耐撞性的研究主要集中于双层舷侧结构,单壳舷侧结构的耐撞性研究开展得较少.IFP(Improved Frame Panel)是一种先进的舷侧骨架结构,它具有良好的吸能特性和结构强度,是一种理想的能量吸收单元.本文基于IFP构建了一种新式单壳舷侧耐撞结构,并将之应用于某型护卫舰.通过仿真计算和比较研究,证明IFP可以显著提高舰船的侧向抗撞能力,是一种先进的耐撞设计思想.     

新型舷侧防护结构耐撞性能研究

采用数值仿真的方法对船舶碰撞动力学过程进行仿真再现。系列仿真计算结果表明,传统的舷侧结构在耐撞性能方面存在很多缺陷,针对大型VLCC船舶设计帽形、菱形、半圆管形三种新型纵桁形式的双层舷侧结构模型,并从碰撞载荷、结构损伤变形、能量的吸收与转换等角度对此三种新型舷侧结构与传统舷侧结构的耐撞性能进行对比分析,结果表明半圆管纵桁形式的双层舷侧结构模型具有最好的耐撞性。     

基于简化解析方法的舷侧结构碰撞吸能分析

船体结构破裂前因产生塑性变形而吸收能量的能力是衡量结构耐撞性的重要指标之一,提出一种简化解析方法对船舶舷侧结构的基本构件梁和板进行吸能能力计算,并将该方法应用于单壳船舷侧结构的碰撞分析.通过系列计算结果比对,从防撞角度对舷侧结构设计提出合理建议.     

船舶耐碰撞结构设计有限元分析研究

为了提高船舶机械结构强度,从而提高船舶的耐碰撞能力,提出一种基于有限元分析的船舶耐碰撞结构设计方法。在CAD/CAM平台上进行船舶耐碰撞疲劳损伤结构分析,采用连续体模型分割方法进行船舶的机械结构强度分解,结合有限元分析方法进行船舶耐碰撞应力结构分析,以屈服强度和船舶荷载强度为测试约束指标参量,进行结构强度的力学分解,在有限元仿真软件中进行应力评估,实现船舶结构优化设计。测试结果表明,采用该方法进行船舶耐碰撞结构设计,对船舶的结构力学分析结构准确度较高,船舶的结构强度得到增强,耐碰撞性能提高。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。