基于虚拟计量技术的单井计量系统设计

考虑到单井计量是油气田开发生产中所起的监测油井的产液量、产油量和产气量,并通过产量的动态分析得知井下油藏地质变化情况和生产异常,为生产决策提供准确的数据支持的作用,而且水下生产系统单井计量设备投资施工和维护费用高,需综合考虑各方因素选择合适的计量方案,尽可能降低成本,结合中国南海某气田水下生产系统的具体情况,介绍虚拟计量技术,通过预先建立好的软件模型来对单井的油、气、水产量进行计量。     

世界泵挂最深潜油电泵诞生

<正>渤海装备中成机械公司5000米潜油电泵于8月22日在中石化塔河油田10113CH井投用。截至9月13日,该井生产正常,每天比原来增产15吨原油。这标志着世界上泵挂最深的潜油电泵诞生。塔河油田原油地面黏度大于100万厘泊,油藏埋深超过5700米。随着油田的不断开采,地层能量不断衰竭,3500米的深抽工艺已难以满足开发需求,深井潜油电泵采油技术及产品研制成为向深井要     

边际油田水下液滑环总体设计分析

以渤海湾边际油田环境条件和开发特点为基础,通过对"长青号"FPSO的旧液滑环拆解分析和FLUENT流场计算,研究掌握了液滑环腔体设计参数特性。在此基础上,提出水下液滑环设计方案,并对不同腔体截面型式进行计算分析,并对比计算结果。     

蚀刻液稳定性的研究

为了得到更好的蚀刻效果,研究蚀刻液的稳定性具有必要性,其实验研究方法显得尤为重要。采用原子发射光谱法得出蚀刻液中Ni2+浓度,间接计算出腐蚀量的数据采集方法,研究了3组不同成分浓度蚀刻液的稳定性,将考察蚀刻速率—腐蚀量的关系与蚀刻速率—时间的关系这2种方法进行了对比实验。实验结果证明:通过蚀刻速率—腐蚀量的关系来考察蚀刻液的稳定性具有可行性和优越性;同时得到,3种蚀刻液中,1B42稳定性最好,且该蚀刻液的最大金属腐蚀量为3g/L。     

旅大10-1油田综合调整工程开发方案优化研究

旅大10-1油田生产形势好,油藏通过继续挖潜预测出较好采收率,启动了该油田综合调整工程开发。在开发方案研究中,工程方新建注水海管,降低水源井产水,解决油田富余生产水回注问题;通过新老平台修井机轨道对接实现后续钻完井、修井作业;改变电网运行方式,以零成本方式提高电网热备容量。最终开发方案顺利通过审查并已实施投产,为这个"短平快"的项目打下良好的设计基础,也为今后类似的工程进行了有益探索。     

永久性检验通道在15万吨级FPSO上的应用

结合"中海油恩平24-2油田"FPSO的永久性检验通道(PMA)的设计,论述FPSO上各液舱PMA的设计情况及优化建议。     

“阿夫拉”型油轮宁波到陈山航线的营运实践

康非渤海19-3油田产的原油主要由中海油运的"阿夫拉"型即11万吨级的"湾字号"油轮和北海公司的几艘同型号的油轮运到惠州炼油厂。由于康非渤海19-3油田漏油停产,"阿夫拉"型油轮暂时退出渤海19-3油田至惠州的主力航线。其中一部分"阿夫拉"型VLCC油轮被指派从事华东航线运输,即宁波、舟山至外高桥或陈山码头。本文说明11万吨级的"阿夫拉"型油轮航行在该航线上的营运体会,供同行参考。"榆林湾"轮是一艘由大连造船厂2004年建造的     

初探沉井下沉施工与验算分析

沉井是在预制好的钢筋混凝土井筒内挖砂或土,依靠井筒自重或借助外力克服井壁与地层的摩擦阻力逐步沉入地下,以实现工程目标的一项施工技术。近年来,随着先进施工机械设备的使用和施工技术和施工工艺的不断革新,沉井在国内外都得到了更加广泛的应用和发展。笔者长期从事沉井施工工作,从中得出了一些施工方面的经验以供借鉴。     

超宽带双向测距定位技术在地下集装箱运输系统中的应用

正地下集装箱运输系统指以集装箱运输车为载运工具,通过大直径地下隧道运输集装箱的物流系统。地下集装箱运输车具有全天候运行、运输效率稳定、节能环保等优点,并且能够实现无人驾驶,在提高可靠性和降低人力成本方面具有独特优势。当地面运输受限时,地下集装箱运输车仍然可以提供运输服务,从而与地面运输方式形成有益互补。地下集装箱运输车的通行量较大,一旦发生事故,处理难度非常大;因此,需要配备高可靠性的监     

FPSO单点系泊系统改装选型

针对未来多油田替代需求,旧油船改装FPSO能够适用于多个油田替产需求,通过对比分析不同FPSO的单点系泊系统差异性和改装选型关键点,得到改装量最少、海上安装最便利的单点系泊系统改装方案,使其能够与原FPSO水下系泊腿的回接,单点舱室设备满足立管、滑环等工艺设备的对接,实现多油田的替换生产。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。