回汉族中老年人群芳香化酶基因多态性与糖代谢的关联性研究

目的研究芳香化酶基因单核苷酸多态性在宁夏城市地区回汉族中老年人群中的基因频率分布特点及其与糖代谢的关联性。方法以整群抽样的方法选取宁夏城市社区的回汉族中老年人1 850例,对样本进行基因分型并测定其空腹血糖和胰岛素水平,分析芳香化酶基因单核苷酸多态性与糖代谢的相关性。结果芳香化酶基因的3个SNPs基因频率的分布在回汉族之间差异无统计学意义;汉族中老年男性和女性rs10519299 CC或CG者的空腹血糖水平均高于GG者(P=0.028,0.018),回族男性rs2414096 AG或GG者的空腹血糖水平高于AA者(P=0.014);汉族男性rs10046、rs10519299及rs2414096不同基因型的胰岛素抵抗指数差异有统计学意义(P=0.024,P=0.003,P=0.003),校正混杂因素的影响后仅rs10519299基因型与汉族男性的胰岛素抵抗指数相关(P=0.014);回族男性rs10519299 GG基因型携带者发生糖尿病的风险明显降低(OR=0.163,P=0.012)。结论芳香化酶基因3个SNPs的基因分布在回汉族之间的分布差异无统计学意义,但芳香化酶基因多态性与回汉族中老年人群糖代谢具有相关性。     

母体用药及母体细胞色素P450遗传多态性与新生儿罹患先天性心脏病的相关性分析

目的 研究母亲怀孕早期用药及细胞色素P450 (CYP450)遗传多态性与后代先天性心脏病(CHD)的关联性。方法 选取127名CHD胎儿产妇为观察组,132名非CHD胎儿产妇为对照组。调查双方特征及用药史,检测CYP450多态性。用Logistic回归分析产妇药物使用与CYP450基因变异与后代CHD风险关联。结果 观察组产妇使用促排卵药、降压药、抗生素、抗抑郁药、预防流产药、中药等后代CHD风险高于对照组(P<0.05)。rs1065852基因型中A/T和T/T及rs16947基因型中C/G和G/G相较各自基因型均增加后代CHD风险。母体CYP450基因rs1065852风险基因型(A/T或T/T)及怀孕早期用药可增加后代CHDs风险(P<0.05);CYP450基因rs16947风险基因型(C/G或G/G)同样会增加后代CHDs风险(P<0.05)。结论 母体怀孕早期使用药物可能与后代患CHD有关,CYP450的rs1065852和rs16947位点与子代先天性心脏病风险显著相关。     

中国汉族男性人群D-氨基酸氧化酶激活剂基因多态性与精神分裂症的关联研究

目的 研究中国男性群体中D-氨基酸氧化酶激活剂(DAOA)基因多态性与精神分裂症的相关性.方法 采用等位基因特性PCR方法对272例男性精神分裂症患者和206例对照DAOA基因区域的3个单核苷酸多态性位点(SNP:rs778294,rs778293和rs3918342)进行基因分型和统计分析.结果 DAOA基因区域rs778294的一个等位基因(C)与精神分裂症显著相关(P=0.03).由3个SNP构建的单倍型分析表明,单倍型CAT在病例-对照组中表现出显著的差异.结论 在中国汉族男性群体中,DAOA基因可能是精神分裂症的一个易感基因,NMDA受体途径可能是发生精神分裂症的一个重要潜在因素.     

ABCB1、CYP3A5和PON1基因多态性对氯吡格雷临床疗效的影响

目的采用Meta分析方法评价冠心病患者肠道多药耐药蛋白1基因ABCB1、细胞色素P450基因CYP3A5、对氧磷酶-1基因PON1多态性与氯吡格雷疗效的关系。方法计算机检索PubMed及中国知网数据库到2015年3月6日为止的中英文相关文献。采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入35项研究,共32 675例患者。分别有19项和8项研究报道了ABCB1C3435T、CYP3A5 A6986G与氯吡格雷疗效的关系。Meta分析结果显示,ABCB1C3435T和CYP3A5A6986G多态性对患者主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的发生没有影响(OR=1.099,95%CI0.913,1.323,P=0.319;OR=0.844,95%CI0.784,1.220,P=0.844)。有19项关于PON1多态性的研究,发现Q192R突变与MACE的发生风险有关(OR=0.812,95%CI 0.671,0.984,P=0.033),但敏感性分析结果显示缺乏稳定性。结论 PON1Q192R突变可作为冠心病患者接受氯吡格雷治疗后不良心血管事件发生的危险因素,但需要更多高质量的研究证实。     

SEPS1基因多态性与汉族人群桥本甲状腺炎的遗传关联

目的研究汉族群体中SEPS1基因变异与桥本氏甲状腺炎(HT)潜在的联系,评估SEPS1单倍型对免疫介导性炎症疾病易感性的影响。方法对1 013例HT病例样本和2 998例健康对照MAF值≥0.05的7个SNP进行基因分型。结果在女性群体和整个群体中rs28665122与HT显著相关(等位基因P分别为0.002 644和0.000 518,基因型P分别为0.010 326和0.002 731)。进一步基于单体型的分析表明,rs2009895-rs28665122单体型也仅在女性群体中与HT显著相关(P=0.003 6),而在男性群体中不相关。结论 SEPS1基因在HT的发病机制和病因中起着一定的作用。     

血管内皮生长因子基因多态性与陕西汉族阿尔茨海默病的相关性研究

目的旨在探讨血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)基因8个单核苷酸多态性(single-nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点与陕西汉族阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)的相关性。方法选取陕西汉族AD患者214名(疾病组)及健康体检者(对照组)249名提取基因组DNA,采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术对9个SNP的基因型进行分型,采用SPSS 16.0及Haploview 4.2软件统计分析各基因型、等位基因及单倍型频率在病例组及对照组中的差异。结果 VEGF基因rs3025039(3非翻译区)基因型及等位基因频率分布在AD组及正常对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AD组T等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组(P=0.008,OR=1.527,95%CI=1.116~2.088)。连锁不平衡分析发现2个单倍型高度连锁(单倍型1:rs699947-rs1570360-rs2010963;单倍型2:rs3024997-rs3024998-rs3025006)(D>0.9)。然而,其单倍型频率在AD组及正常对照组均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 VEGF基因功能区rs3025039位点可能与AD有关,携带有rs3025039T等位基因的个体可能更容易患AD。     

内脂素基因多态性与2型糖尿病的关系

目的探讨内脂素(visfatin)rs11977021、rs12537455、rs2110385位点单核苷酸多态性与2型糖尿病易感性的关系。方法收集陕西西安地区汉族人群192例受试对象,其中106例单纯2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者和86例健康对照者,采用标准化的聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RLFP)方法,分别检测内脂素(visfatin)rs11977021/DdeⅠ、rs12537455/AluⅠ和rs2110385/AluⅠ基因型并进行比较。结果 rs2110385位点的T等位基因频率和GT基因型频率在T2DM组均高于健康对照组(分别为28.3、14.0和14.2、7.0,P均<0.05);两组的rs11977021位点和rs12537455位点C、T等位基因及基因型频率分布均无统计学差异(P>0.05);单倍型分析显示T-C-T和T-T-T单倍型在T2DM组均显著高于健康对照组(分别为0.066、0.026和0.029、0.012,P均<0.05)。结论 Visfatin基因rs2110385位点在陕西西安汉族地区人群中存在遗传变异,其rs2110385多态性位点的T等位基因可能与T2DM的发病风险有一定的关系。     

基质金属蛋白酶2,9基因多态性与早发冠心病遗传易感性的研究

目的 探讨中国陕西地区汉族人群基质金属蛋白酶-2(matrix metalloproteinase-2, MMP-2)基因rs2285053及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)基因rs3918242单核苷酸多态性与早发冠心病(premature coronary artery disease, PCAD)发病的关联性.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,检测92例PCAD患者(PCAD组)和95例年龄及性别相匹配的非冠心病者(对照组)的rs2285053(-735C/T)、rs3918242(-1562C/T)基因的单核苷酸基因多态性,判定其基因型并统计各基因型及等位基因的频率.ELISA法检测血浆MMP-9的水平.结果 MMP-2 rs2285053位点多态性在PCAD组和对照组中的基因型分布和等位基因频率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.33,P=0.249).MMP-9 rs3918242位点PCAD组C/T+T/T型高于对照组(χ2=6.22,P=0.013),T基因频率亦高于对照组,有显著性差异(χ2=7.75,P=0.005,OR=2.66).早发急性冠脉综合征组(premature acute coronary syndrome, PACS)C/T+T/T型高于对照组,与早发稳定性心绞痛相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=9.11,P=0.003;χ2=2.29,P=0.13),早发稳定性心绞痛与对照组相比差异亦无统计学意义(χ2=1.3,P=0.254).Logistic回归分析显示,MMP-9 rs3918242位点携带T等位基因为PCAD发病的独立危险因素.结论 MMP-2 rs2285053(-735)位点多态性可能与PCAD的发病无相关性,MMP-9 rs3918242位点可能与PCAD及PACS发病相关,rs3918242(-1562)T等位基因可能是PCAD的遗传易感基因.     

microRNA-491-5p血浆水平及其靶基因多态性与早发冠心病易感性的研究

目的通过病例对照研究,探讨陕西省汉族人群血浆miRNA-491-5p水平和miRNA-491-5p(has-miR-491-5p)靶基因基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)单核苷酸多态性(SNP)改变与早发冠心病(pCAD)发生风险及预后的关系。方法连续收集pCAD病例270例,对照组300例。用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法(PCR-RFLP)检测has-miR-491-5p靶基因MMP-9rs1056628的多态性,同时比较各种基因型与pCAD发生的相关性。结果 rs1056628位点存在A-C多态性,与CC基因型(发生率42%)相比,携带CA、AA基因型的个体冠心病的发生率为31%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.045);携带CA/AA基因型冠心病在低水平总胆固醇(TC)、较低水平的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)人群中的患病风险降低更为显著。结论 has-miRNA-491-5p靶基因MMP-9rs1056628C-A多态性改变可降低pCAD的发生率,携带C等位基因是pCAD发病的独立危险因素。     

生长分化因子5单核苷酸多态性与大骨节病的相关性

目的 探讨生长分化因子5(GDF5)基因3个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点多态性与大骨节病的关系.方法 用限制性核酸内切酶酶切方法对103例大骨节病患者和91例健康人的GDF5基因上的3个SNP位点进行基因分型,计算相应人群中3个位点的基因型频率,比较各组间基因型频率的差异.结果 单倍型重构分析显示单倍型AT、TGC和 TAT在大骨节病患者和健康人群之间存在差异,但3个位点单位点关联分析未显示与大骨节病具有相关性.结论 单倍型TGC与大骨节病具有相关性.     

Real-Time Fault Diagnosis for Gas Turbine Blade Based on Output-Hidden Feedback Elman Neural Network

In order to remotely monitor and maintain large-scale complex equipment in real time, China Telecom plans to create a total solution that integrates remote data collection, transmission, storage, analysis and prediction. This solution can provide manufacturers with proactive, systematic, integrated operation and maintenance service, and the data analysis and health forecasting are the most important part. This paper conducts health management for the turbine blades. Elman neural network, and improved Elman neural network, i.e., outputhidden feedback (OHF) Elman neural network are studied as the main research methods. The results verify the applicability of OHF Elman neural network.     

Development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in Pakistani population

For the development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in locl ethnic populations sixteen markers of non-recombining regions (NRY) of Y chromosome, which show high power of discrimination among individuals, were selected in this study. Blood samples (600) were e.ollected from the males of three most common castes of Pakistani population (Arnin, Awan and Rajput) with different parent lineages. Three markers (DYS385a/b, DYS389Ⅰ/Ⅱ and YCAⅡa/b) among 16 Y STRs are double-targeted regions of the Y chromosome and thus provide two polymorphie peaks for each respective primer set. These 16 Y-STRs were developed into Megaplex system for simultaneous amplification of all markers within the population. The overall power of discrimination observed in focused populations was 60.5%, 66.5% and 55% in Rajput, Awan and Arain casts respectively. This discrimination power will be helpful in haman identification for forensic casework studies including sexual assaults and paternity testing.     

印记基因H19和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ在人子宫颈癌组织中印记缺失及意义

目的探讨人子宫颈癌组织中印记基因胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ(IGF2)和H19印记缺失情况及意义。方法采用PCR技术筛选出40例人子宫颈癌组织及20例正常子宫颈组织中具有IGF2和H19基因杂合性病例,然后RT-PCR法检测IGF2及H19印记状态。结果IGF2基因在子宫颈癌组和对照组具有杂合性比率分别为52.5%(21/40)和65%(13/20);双等位基因表达率分别为47.6%(10/21)和7.7%(1/13),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。H19基因在宫颈癌组和对照组具有杂合性比率分别为47.5%(19/40)和55%(11/20);双等位基因表达率26.3%(5/19)和0,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论子宫颈癌中存在印记基因IGF2和H19的杂合性丢失(LOH)和印记缺失(LOI),IGF2和H19基因异常可能与子宫颈癌的发病相关。     

自然流产者绒毛组织中印记基因H19的表达及意义

目的探讨印记基因H19在自然流产者绒毛组织中的表达及意义。方法采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测45例自然流产患者和30例正常早孕妇女的绒毛组织中H19特殊等位基因表达。结果自然流产患者杂合子绒毛组织21例中19例表达双等位基因,表达率为90.47%(19/21),而正常早孕妇女杂合子绒毛组织13例中H19皆表达单等位基因,无双等位基因表达,表达率为0(0/13),两组比较,双等位基因表达率有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论H19基因印记丢失可能是造成自然流产的重要原因。     

Relationship between the acid-suppression efficacy of proton pump inhibitors and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism in patients with peptic ulcer

Obiective To investigate acid-suppression efficacy of proton pump inhibitors(PPls) in relation to CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on patients with peptic ulcer. Methods By an open, randomized and control trial, fifty nine patients with active peptic ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of three PPIs on a single dose (20 mg of each drug): omeprazole group (n=19), rabeprazole group (n=20) and esomeprazole group (n=20). lntragastric pH was recorded 1 hour before and 24 hours after administration. CYP2C19 genotype was tested in all patients. Resuits The EMs/PMs ratio of each group was 16/3,17/3 and 17/3, respectively. The total time that intragastric pH＞4, time percent pH＞4 and median pH in PMs patients were significantly higher than those in EMs patients of omeprazole group (P＜0.05). But all these differences were not found in rabeprazole group and esomeprazole group. The pH of nocturnal acid breakthrough (NAB) in both rabeprazole group and esomeprazole group was higher than that of omeprazole group, while there was no significant difference between rabeprazole group and esomeprazole group. Gonclusion The acid-suppression efficacy of omeprazole is highly dependent on CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism, while CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism may have a little influence on the acid-suppression efficacy of rabeprazole and esomeprazole. The acid-suppression action of rabeprazole and esomeprazole is superior to omeprazole, especially on night acid secretion.     

COVID-19 Interpretable Diagnosis Algorithm Based on a Small Number of Chest X-Ray Samples

The COVID-19 medical diagnosis method based on individual's chest X-ray (CXR) is achieved dif-ficultly in the initial research,owing to difficulties in identifying CXR data of COVID-19 individuals.At the beginning of the study,infected individuals' CXRs were scarce.The combination of artificial intelligence (AI)and medical diagnosis has been advanced and popular.To solve the difficulties,the interpretability analysis of AI model was used to explore the pathological characteristics of CXR samples infected with COVID-19 and assist in medical diagnosis.The dataset was expanded by data augmentation to avoid overfitting.Transfer learning was used to test different pre-trained models and the unique output layers were designed to complete the model training with few samples.In this study,the output results of four pre-trained models in three different output layers were compared,and the results after data augmentation were compared with the results of the original dataset.The control variable method was used to conduct independent tests of 24 groups.Finally,99.23％ accuracy and 98％recall rate were obtained,and the visual results of CXR interpretability analysis were displayed.The network of COVID-19 interpretable diagnosis algorithm has the characteristics of high generalization and lightweight.It can be quickly applied to other urgent tasks with insufficient experimental data.At the same time,interpretability analysis brings new possibilities for medical diagnosis.     

中国新疆哈萨克族人群CSF1PO、TH01和TPOX三个STR位点的遗传多态性

目的　获得CSF1P0、TPOX和TH0 1三个短串联重复序列 (shorttandemrepeat ,STR)在新疆哈萨克族人群中等位基因频率、基因型频率及相关法医学数据。方法　应用PCR技术、4 0 g·L-1(4% )变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染技术对上述三个STR位点分型。结果　新疆哈萨克族人群CSF1P0位点有 8个等位片段 ,TPOX位点有 8个等位片段 ,TH0 1位点有 7个等位片段 ;3个位点的基因型分布均符合Hardy Weinberg平衡 ;各位点杂合度分别为 0 .875 3、0 .8777、0 .932 1,多态信息量分别为 0 .74 0 1、0 .75 6 8、0 .75 0 9。结论　得到的上述三个位点的基因频率数据可为新疆哈萨克人群遗传学研究和法医学应用提供依据     

TSH RECEPTOR GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE AUTONOMOUSLYFUNCTIONING THYROID ADENOMAS

Objective To determine the relationship between TSH receptor gene mutations and autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas (AY‘]rAs). Methods The thyroid samples from 14 cases of diagnosed AFTAs were analyzed, with normal thyroid specimens adjacent to the tumors as controls. The 155 base pairs DNA fragments which encompassed the third cytoplasmic loop and the sixth transmembrane segments in the TSH receptor gene exon 10 were amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed with Prism Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Core Kit.Results 6 of 14 AFTA specimens displayed abnormal migration in SSCP analysis. In sequence analysis of 3 abnormally migrated samples, one base substitution at nucleotide 1957 (A to C) and two same insertion mutations of one adenosine nucleotide between nucleotide 1972 and 1973 were identified. No mutations were found in controls. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of TSH receptor gene mutations in AFTAs; both one-point substitution mutation and onebase insertion mutation were found to be responsible for the pathogenesis of AFTAs.     

松茸多糖对受照小鼠抗氧化系统的保护作用

目的探讨松茸多糖(PTM)对辐射损伤小鼠血清抗氧化系统的保护作用。方法 150只健康雄性ICR小鼠随机分为5组,正常对照组、辐射对照组和高、中、低3个剂量PTM组,每组30只。正常对照组和辐射对照组给予生理盐水灌胃,3个剂量PTM组给予不同剂量PTM灌胃,每天1次,连续7 d;第8天给予辐射对照组和PTM组动物全身一次性照射,总剂量2.0 Gy,检测小鼠照射后第1、5、14天的血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷光肝肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果与辐射对照组比较,PTM组小鼠血清中SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性明显升高,MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论松茸多糖对辐射损伤小鼠的血清抗氧化系统有显著保护作用。     

脐血胰岛素样生长因子-2和印记基因H19与胎儿生长受限的关系

目的探讨脐血胰岛素样生长因子-2(IGF-2)和H19印记状态与胎儿生长受限(FGR)的关系。方法采用放射免疫法测定42例FGR孕妇(研究组)和晚期正常妊娠妇女30例(对照组)脐血中IGF-2水平,同时采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术,检测胎盘组织中H19基因印记状态。结果①研究组脐血IGF-2水平为(1.52±0.20)μg/L,明显低于对照组的(1.97±0.21)μg/L(P<0.05)。②研究组中杂合子20例,其中9例双等位基因表达;对照组中杂合子14例,均为单等位基因表达;研究组H19基因印记丢失明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。③研究组H19双等位基因表达的病例脐血IGF-2水平均明显低于H19杂合性丢失和H19单等位基因表达病例(P<0.05);H19杂合性丢失和H19单等位基因表达病例脐血IGF-2水平无显著性差异。结论妊娠晚期IGF-2减低是导致FGR发生的原因之一;H19基因印记丢失下调IGF-2基因间接影响胎儿生长发育。