长直管道输砂的沿程临界流速*

近年来，河湖水库的环保疏浚、港口航道建设与维护性疏浚工程越来越多，管道输送是疏浚泥沙搬运的主要方式，输送距离也越来越长。管道输送中流速沿程的再分布情况和临界流速尚待进一步研究。基于古雷镇填沙工程清水工况及输沙工况分层取样浓度实测数据对模型进行率定。在此基础上对长直管道输送砂类泥沙颗粒进行三维水动力及砂的运动模拟，分析了直管道沿程的剖面流速再分布特征和泥沙淤积临界流速规律，提出长管中不同断面位置发生泥沙淤积的临界流速公式，为疏浚工程设计提供参考依据。     

超大型绞吸挖泥船泥沙输送系统优化设计

绞吸挖泥船的大型化可以显著加快疏浚速度,提升疏浚效率,降低环境破坏,减少人员劳动。因此,超大型化向来是疏浚业界努力追求的一个方向。上海交大船舶设计研究所设计了当前世界上最大装机功率(2.4 MW)、最大生产能力(在目标工况:排距8 km、挖深30 m、排高10 m、输送d50=0.23 mm中砂,产量大于8 000 m3/h)的绞吸挖泥船。介绍该船泥沙输送系统设计时所采用的基于目标工作点优化设计方法。该方法在前人对泥沙管道输送能耗、泥沙对泥泵性能影响等相关方面的研究成果的基础上,首次提出了针对设计工况施工效率优化,用极限工况作业能力进行校核的设计优化方法。结果表明:目标工况下,泥泵效率高达84%,柴油机效率高达90%,取得良好的节能减排和经济效果。     

大管径钢管浆体输送磨损特性与生命周期分析

本研究针对粗砂、钙化物和细砂等不同吹填介质和典型管线铺设工况,开展了钢质排泥管(Q235-DN850)管壁磨损特性的现场测试与生命周期分析。研究表明,输送土质对浆体输送管道的磨损速度有明显的影响,输送介质越粗磨损速率越大;不同管线铺设形式条件下,上坡管段的磨损速率最大、顺直管段次之、下坡管段的较小。基于此,给出了不同土质吹填工况条件下DN850-Q235钢质管的最大磨损点位和最大磨损速率,给出了管道剩余生命周期的预测方法,形成了不同土质条件下排泥管全生命周期管理流程。     

振动流变对泥浆管道输送的减阻效果研究*

泥浆在管道输送中阻力大导致能耗高,严重制约疏浚生产效益。本文将泥沙流变学的振动加载流化技术应用到泥浆管道输送减阻研究中,在管道系统中开展振动流变减阻效果研究。结果表明,减阻效果随着振动频率的增大先显著提升后趋于平缓;随着体积浓度的增加而增强,但其增强的速度逐渐减小;随着输送流速的增加而不断减弱直至趋于平稳。且对于试验泥样,存在一个最优振动频率为40 Hz,此时系统达到了最佳减阻效益状态;在内径为100 mm管道中,当泥浆体积浓度为29.94%、管道输送流速为0.9 m/s、微幅机械振动频率为100 Hz时,对于中值粒径为31 μm的奉贤海滩泥沙能减小20%以上的阻力损失;最后,提出了泥浆管道输送振动流变减阻的计算模型。     

基于DELFT模型的砂性土管线输送数模研究

管道输沙阻力损失计算是港口航道疏浚工程中的基本问题，是合理确定整个输送系统的重要环节，直接关系到动力设备的选型和运行的能耗。需要能够预测所需的压力和功率，以便在一个有一个或多个泥泵（通常是离心泵）系统中，在有或没有管道倾斜和或升高的情况下，将固液混合物输送到很短到很长的距离。本文根据厦门大小嶝工程的实际工程土质情况和施工设备，采用DELFT模型对管道内泥浆输送的重要参数进行数模研究，从而指导实际施工。     

绞吸船吹填中粗砂泥泵节能运行转速

大型绞吸船吹填中粗砂施工,难以确定最优的输送施工参数和泥泵机组转速.针对目前常用的计算公式对非均质中粗砂浆体水力输送计算精度不足的问题,采用实际施工参数对计算公式进行拟合修正,实现泥浆输送施工参数的精确计算.同时通过泥泵机组运行功率计算分析,确定了最经济输送施工参数条件下泥泵机组的低功耗运行转速.转速特征是在既定的泥浆流速、浓度和泥泵机组总扬程条件下,水下泵采用低转速、甲板泵采用高转速,有利于降低输送施工能耗.     

多参数迭代的船用二回路系统热平衡计算方法

针对船用核动力装置的设备类型和运行特点,给出了二回路系统主要设备耗汽量计算方法。考虑二回路系统设备繁多、工况多变、耦合性强等实际特点,建立了基于多参数迭代法的热平衡计算模型。利用已知参数验证所建立热平衡模型和编制程序的计算精度。分析了3种典型工况下核动力装置特有设备的汽水流量及状态参数的匹配特性,得出了不同工况下的装置效率。相应研究成果可为船用核动力二回路系统的变工况运行研究和设计优化提供技术借鉴和参考。     

疏浚管路阻力损失计算方法的分析

管道输沙阻力损失计算是江河湖泊、港口航道疏浚工程中的一个基本问题,它是设计管道浆体输送系统的重要参数,直接关系到动力设备的选型和运行的能耗.文章重点以疏浚工程中泥沙的输送为研究对象,对管内两相流动的阻力特性及临界流速问题进行了初步研究,并实验研究了泥沙在不同的浓度和速度下的阻力特性,对3种模型的阻力损失计算模型进行了检验、分析和评价.结果表明Jufin＆Lopatin是一个比较好的计算模型.对于颗粒的不均匀性的影响,科学的方法能提高计算模型的计算精度.     

耙吸挖泥船疏浚仿真初探

建立了耙头在垂直方向上运动的数学模型，采用面向对象的Visual C 和Delphi语言，开发了耙吸挖泥船疏浚仿真软件，给出了耙吸挖泥船泥泵启动、泥沙输送及装舱等过程的仿真示例。     

挖泥船泥砂输送动态特性仿真

建立了挖泥船泥砂输送动态特性的数学模型,应用Visual Basic语言开发了仿真软件,并给出了某挖泥船在启动、注水及输泥等动态工况下的仿真示例.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

正~~     

第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.