橡胶衬套疲劳失效案例分析与优化

针对某车型控制臂衬套整车耐久路试失效问题,通过分析路谱载荷,以提高衬套抵抗大扭矩变形为目标,重新定义与之相应的试验条件,并对衬套刚度和结构进行优化设计,优化后的衬套通过了新试验条件的台架验证,并通过整车耐久路试验证。台架试验和整车耐久路试结果表明,通过分析路谱载荷重新定义的试验条件合理,衬套经优化设计满足整车耐久性能要求。     

电动汽车整车控制器快速原型开发

整车控制器是电动汽车运行的核心单元。为实现电动汽车整车控制器快速原型的建模和开发,文章基于ASCET-MD和ASCET-RP软件平台,通过处理试验数据,分析和设计电动汽车整车控制器的控制策略,将控制策略实现为快速原型模型,载入ES910快速原型。通过与实车试验数据对比,验证了所建模型能够还原实车的整车控制器,实现其控制策略。该方法使基于ASCET和ES910平台的电动汽车整车控制器快速原型开发的可行性和有效性得到验证。     

基于ADVISOR的电动汽车性能仿真

文章建立了基于卡尔曼滤波法的铅酸蓄电池组模型,并利用Advisor仿真软件,搭建了整车仿真模型,进行了整车动力性能仿真分析。仿真结果验证了仿真模型的正确性和方案的可行性。     

基于整车驻车试验的DCT箱体强度耐久仿真

以某双离合变速器（DCT）为研究对象,文章提出了基于整车驻车试验的DCT箱体强度及疲劳寿命预测方法。基于ADAMS建立目标车型,包含驻车系统整车冲击载荷仿真的系统模型,通过对不同驻车工况进行动力学仿真,获取对应工况下,驻车系统冲击载荷时域数据并与试验对标,验证了仿真结果的准确性。搭建DCT传动系统总成有限元模型,结合多体动力学仿真的整车冲击扭矩峰值及驻车系统的耐久试验载荷谱,分析了DCT箱体的强度及耐久性能,为DCT结构设计的正向开发及校验提供参考。     

基于Cruise与Matlab的某轻型商用车动力性、经济性分析与研究

在商用车正向研发过程中,为更好的对某轻型商用车整车动力性与经济性进行研究,文章首先利用VBOX软件采集处理某轻型商用车试验场滑行数据;然后基于Matlab拟合工具箱完成整车滑行阻力函数的拟合;最后通过搭建Cruise整车仿真模型对试验样车进行经济性、动力性仿真分析,将仿真结果与试验数据对比分析找出差异原因并修正仿真模型...     

基于整车开发全生命周期的验证体系探讨

文章探讨了整车开发各阶段尤其是在早期预研立项阶段试验领域工作内容;并搭建了基于整车开发全生命周期的试验验证体系框架。     

汽车摆臂衬套的静态特性

摆臂橡胶衬套是汽车悬架系统中重要的承载元件和隔振元件,其刚度特性直接影响悬架的弹性运动学,整车的操作稳定性和整车NVH特性。以某车型摆臂橡胶衬套为研究对象,通过对橡胶材料进行单轴拉伸试验,拟合出Mooney-rivlin模型的材料参数,利用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS建立摆臂橡胶衬套有限元模型,提取橡胶衬套轴向、径向和扭转刚度,并与试验的测试结果进行对比。结果表明,误差在允许范围内,验证有限元模型的准确性为橡胶衬套产品的设计与开发具有重要的指导作用。     

控制臂舒适性液压衬套的优化设计

控制臂舒适性衬套作为底盘重要弹性零件,起着改善车辆行驶平顺性和整车噪声-振动-与声振粗糙度(NVH)的作用,是底盘调试的重要零件。针对双叉臂的下控制臂舒适性液压衬套失效故障中发生频率最高的衬套开裂问题,从橡胶体结构设计、衬套刚度曲线设定、橡胶材料选择3个方面进行了优化设计和试验验证。结果表明,该优化设计方案可有效解决液压衬套开裂问题。     

双轴转向8×4货车多体动力学仿真分析及系统开发

以多体系统动力学理论为基础,建立了双轴转向8×4货车的多体系统动力学模型,建模过程中考虑了弹簧、阻尼器以及橡胶衬套的非线性特性,并以ADAMS软件为二次开发平台,建立了整车非线性多体动力学仿真分析系统,实现了以下功能:对双轴转向8×4货车整车模型的参数化自动建模功能;按照国标试验工况的自动仿真分析功能;符合汽车评价标准的仿真结果数据后处理功能。最后通过实车试验验证了模型的正确性,在此基础上进行了整车的随机输入平顺性分析。     

插电式四驱强混汽车整车控制策略开发

在介绍和分析四驱强混系统架构和零部件功能特性的基础上,系统地提出了插电式四驱强混汽车的整车控制策略开发方法,包括考虑整车舒适性的减振控制、整车经济性的再生制动控制和整车驱动模式的切换、AMT换挡控制等策略。由Matlab/Simulink搭建整车控制策略模型并生成代码,目前策略已在奇瑞自主开发的整车控制器上得以实现,并完成了在整车仿真平台上的仿真验证和在插电式混合动力样车上的试验验证,通过对试验数据的分析,验证了该控制策略的可行性。     

Sensitivity analysis and optimisation of suspension bushing using Taguchi method and grey relational analysis

In this paper, a novel method is presented for investigating suspension bushing based on mechanical properties of the bushing, their effective directions, spring stiffness and damping coefficient of bushing. The vehicle vibration model and suspension geometry parameters are used to optimise the vehicle suspension based on multi-body dynamics simulation (ADAMS/CAR) initially. Several experiment tests based on ISO 4128 and ISO 7401 have been performed in one of main Iranian automaker (SAIPA) in order to verify the ADAMS/CAR model. The grey relational analysis based on using Taguchi L27 orthogonal array is used to obtain the optimum suspension. Then the bushing characteristics are optimised considering the indicated method. This method considers a combination of ride comfort and handling qualities of vehicle as objective functions simultaneously. The results of optimum suspension are compared with typical Renault Logan which declares the accuracy and efficiency of this method in optimising suspension bushing.     

New nonlinear bushing model for general excitations using Bouc-Wen hysteretic model

Because the characteristics of rubber bushing significantly affect the accuracy of vehicle dynamics simulations, they should be accurately modeled in the vehicle suspension model. In this paper, a new nonlinear bushing model for automotive bushing components is developed to improve the accuracy of vehicle dynamics analysis. Bushing components were first tested to capture the nonlinear and hysteretic behavior of typical elements by using a MTS 3-axis elastomer tester. A simple Bouc-Wen hysteretic differential model was modified to generate a more precise rubber bushing model. A sine wave, step input, and random excitations are imposed on the bushing. The ADAMS program is used to calculate sensitivity and the VisualDOC program is employed to find the optimal parameters for the bushing model. An error function is designed to find optimal parameters of the model. Parameter identification is carried out to satisfy the static and dynamic characteristics due to sine and step excitation inputs. It was proved that the proposed model could predict the bushing forces under sine, step, and random inputs well. The errors are within 10% in the overall range. To show the validity of the proposed model, a numerical example was also carried out. Because the bushing forces due to random excitation input show good agreement with experiments, the proposed bushing model is available in the vehicle dynamics simulation.     

轮胎包容特性分析及其在汽车振动系统建模中的应用

本文分析了轮胎与路面的接触特点，将汽车承载系统简化为二自由度垂直振动系统，建立了同时考虑轮胎几何滤波效应与弹性滤波效应的弹性滚子接触模型。基于刚性滚子模型和弹性滚子模型，仿真出滚子包容后的有效路形。     

基于ADAMS与Matlab的ABS模糊控制仿真研究

将多体系统动力学与智能控制理论相结合对汽车制动防抱死控制系统进行了研究，利用ADAMS／CAR建立了汽车整车的多体力学模型，模型包含了前后悬架、动力总成、转向系统、稳定杆、制动系、轮胎力学模型以及车身，同时也考虑了轮胎、衬套、弹簧、减震器等部件的非线性，准确地表达了车辆的动态特性；利用Matlab／Simulink模糊控制工具箱建立了制动防抱死控制系统的模糊控制策略，利用ADAMS／Control接口进行模型的集成、协同仿真，并将仿真结果与另一种控制策略一逻辑门限值控制的仿真结果进行了比较和分析，仿真反映出模糊控制在整车制动防抱死控制系统上的应用效果，结果表明该控制算法稳定好并具有较强的鲁棒性。     

融合预瞄与势场栅格法的紧急避撞驾驶人模型

紧急避障工况下的驾驶人操作具有响应快且动作幅值较大的特点，传统预瞄驾驶人模型已不能适应紧急避障工况的需求，故考虑实际避撞场景开发相应的驾驶人模型就显得尤为必要。针对此种状况，基于驾驶模拟器，结合紧急避撞工况实际驾驶人操纵数据，提出了一种融合预瞄与势场栅格法的紧急避撞驾驶人模型。首先针对紧急避撞工况下车辆运动特点，建立车辆横、纵向耦合非线性动力学模型，并给出其状态空间方程描述；其次，离线仿真分析紧急避撞系统特征，并结合线性二次型最优控制，建立最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型；再者，基于紧急避撞工况下真实驾驶人经验转向行为数据，开发基于势场栅格法的驾驶人模型，为进一步提高驾驶人模型对避障行驶工况的适应性，将基于势场栅格法的驾驶人模型与最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型进行融合，并基于Sigmoid函数实现两者输出的权重分配；最后，针对所提出的融合预瞄与势场栅格法的驾驶人模型，开展基于避撞台架的驾驶人在环仿真试验以及实车试验。研究结果表明：在紧急避撞工况下，对比最优曲率预瞄+跟踪误差反馈驾驶人模型，融合预瞄与势场栅格法的驾驶人模型输出的转向动作与实际驾驶人行为较为接近，可在保证避障安全性的前提下，兼顾避障路径跟踪精度与车辆行驶的稳定性。     

汽车ABS液压调节器建模与分析

汽车ABS液压调节器是ABS的执行机构,它的性能好坏直接影响着汽车制动效能。为研究和评价ABS液压调节器性能,文章在分析调节器的组成和工作原理的基础上,基于AMESim建立了包括液压调节器、制动主缸及制动轮缸的模型,对影响调节器动态响应特性的制动液和控制阀(增、减压阀)结构因素进行了仿真分析;并针对某型号调节器进行了台架试验。试验结果表明,基于AMESim的汽车ABS液压调节器仿真结果与试验结果基本吻合。AMESim建模为调节器的研究提供了一种行之有效的方法。     

Validation of the Harshness Problem of Automotive Active Suspensions

The advantages of an automotive fully active suspension system have been promised for many years. Among them, simultaneously achieving good body and wheel mode damping is of the most fundamental. However, implementations of such concepts with hydraulic actuators have generally exhibit worse-than-passive harshness performance when such vehicles are driven through small irregularities on the road. Additional forces are transmitted through the hydraulic active suspension to the vehicle body at high frequencies. Conventional wisdom blames the non-ideal actuator in practice for the problem since most analytical papers assume it an ideal force-producing element. However, the mechanism of generating such excessive force as well as the methodology of solving it has not been systematically demonstrated in the literature. In this paper, a high fidelity mathematical quarter vehicle model is first developed and identified with vehicle test data. This model captures realistic dynamic behaviors of the hydraulic active suspension. The mechanism of creating such harshness problem is then explained with this model. To validate such mechanism, a frequency domain methodology that yields an equal-to-passive high frequency performance while maintaining a good active body behavior was developed based on this model and demonstrated with a test vehicle. The model predicts the test results almost exactly.     

某车型后减振器上支座失效分析优化

针对某车型整车道路试验过程中出现的后减振器上支座失效问题,通过查看分析故障件的失效状态,结合应用Abaqus软件进行CAE仿真分析,确定了其失效的主要原因是由于在整车运动过程中,上支座衬套的橡胶凸台的应力太大。对此提出了改进的设计方案,通过台架试验和整车道路试验的验证,结果表明,改进后的后减振器上支座解决了耐久失效问题,同时经整车NVH和操稳性能评价后确认改进方案未对整车性能产生不利影响。     

Modeling and ratio control of an electromechanical continuously variable transmission

A new type of electromechanical continuously variable transmission (EMCVT) was investigated. The EMCVT uses a direct current (DC) motor to push the driving pulley, which in turn changes the transmission ratio without a hydraulic system. This paper introduces the principle of the EMCVT and establishes a dynamic ratio control model. Ratio control strategies using both position and speed closed-loop control are proposed. Simulation results show that the simulation ratio curves of the EMCVT follow pre-designed ratios well for ramp and sine curves. Control software is based on MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow and MotoHawk platforms. A prototype vehicle equipped with an EMCVT has been developed. Vehicle test results show that the control performance of the EMCVT satisfies the requirements of vehicle operation. The effectiveness of the EMCVT ratio control strategy proposed in this paper is validated with test data for the prototype vehicle.     

乘用车操稳转向性能指标分解技术应用研究

车辆动力学性能开发包括性能目标设定、目标分解、优化设计、底盘调校,逐渐向目标达成逼近,开发结束后实现目标达成。性能目标分解即指标分解,用简单有物理意义的理论公式关联整车指标与总成指标,将整车的客观性能指标分解至系统特性,是整车性能目标达成的关键环节,在性能开发中承上启下,是各主机厂的核心技术。性能指标分解正常在车辆开发初期,用于指标分解的模型应采用尽可能少的建模参数,建模分析迅速且模型能明确表达系统参数对整车性能的影响规律。ADAMS或CarSim模型,由于模型结构过于复杂,不适用于车辆性能的指标分解。本文建立了用于性能指标分解的模型,并基于此模型研究底盘动力学操稳转向性能指标的分解及应用方法,为车辆动力学性能开发工作提供理论指导。