集装箱船的大小PK

当我国航运新闻热衷于报道中海和中远的运力竞赛时，国际上对集装箱船的追逐已经悄然从超大型转向了中小型，当国内一家航运巨头以高息贷款一口气订购8艘巨无霸集装箱船时，另一家著名的德国航海公司则以低价从我国购买了数艘小集装箱船。     

勒阿弗尔港再奏“中国进行曲”

经历了金融危机的冲击和煎熬，中外船东和船厂没有了往日航运和船市繁荣时的喧嚣和热闹。在刚刚走过一段短暂的旺季后，航运市场又复归低迷，波澜不惊的背后，全球集装箱船队运力闲置规模再创历史新高，法国著名班轮经纪公司Alphaliner最近数据显示为572艘集装箱船，     

集装箱船市场兴旺何时结束

2003年,集装箱船市场一直都是造船与航运界关注的焦点。集装箱船市场出现了空前的兴旺,航运市场迅速复苏,集装箱海运量不断增长,运费费率持续快速上扬,新船订造市场异常活跃,成交量居高不下。至今,集装箱船市场的繁荣兴旺势头仍未有减弱的迹象。相反的是,集装箱船航运市场正处于快速增长的兴旺时期。但是,这种兴旺还能持续多久,市场发展的结局会是什么样呢? 集装箱船航运市场迅速好转 目前,世界集装箱船航运市场正处于     

全球集装箱船市场形势及展望

正2017年对全球集装箱船市场来说,注定是极为不平凡的一年,韩国最大班轮公司韩进海运正式破产清算,终结其已经营40年的集装箱运输业务;全球集装箱航运市场联盟格局进入了新的三足鼎立时代;马士基航运收购汉堡南美,赫伯罗特和阿拉伯联合航运合并,中远海运宣布收购香港东方海外,全球集装箱航运市场集中度进一步提升;达飞轮船和地中海航运订造了批量22000TEU超大型集装箱船,全球集装箱船造船市场正式进入22000TEU时代等。航运市场形势1、航运市场呈现趋稳态势2017年,全球集装箱航运市     

集装箱船市场全面好转

集装箱船航运市场自2001年下半年开始，运费费率下跌，二手船价急降，运量萎缩。集装箱运输市场变化导致集装箱船建造市场低迷，新船合同价格走低，成交量急剧萎缩。2002年10月份，在油船航运和建造市场兴旺、船位紧缺和船价回升的影响下，船东和租船公司纷纷利用船价低的有利时机，积极订造集装箱船。集装箱新船成交量明显增多，成交价也开始缓慢回升。     

集装箱船航运市场呈现五大特点

自2005年9月开始，由于受到新船供给量高、市场信心不足等不利因素的影响，集装箱船运输市场步入下跌，各大集装箱船运营公司业绩纷纷告急，经过一年多的运价调整之后，目前集装箱船航运市场呈现出了新的特点：     

中小型集装箱船舶特点及尺度优化

本文对我国设计建造的几十艘１００ＴＥＵ～５００ＴＥＵ的中小型集装箱船的型船资料进行了统计分析，并结合集装箱船的船型特点，建立了该类船的数学模型，在此基础上对我国沿海中小型集装箱船的船型方案进行了论证分析，得出了２０组较优的船型中供设计部门和航运部门参考。     

集装箱船市场的发展现状及其问题

本文从集装箱船市场的发展历程，谈到现今超级集装箱市场的现状。提出超大型集装箱船在航运成本减少的同时也给港口基础设施建设提出了新的要求。     

太平洋航线集装箱运输量预测及超大型集装箱船的发展前景探讨

通过收集大量太平洋航线集装箱运输信息，利用GM（1，1）灰色系统模型，并运用马尔可夫方法得出太平洋航线集装箱运输的定量预测结果。通过超大型集装箱船与普通集装箱船经济效益的比较，及超大型集装箱船的航运形势及其市场供需状况分析，得到8000～10000TEU集装箱船具有良好的发展前景。     

航运市场预测

根据市场的供求关系，结合油船、散货船、集装箱船和液化气船赢利平均指标，分析历年航运市场走势，为船东、无船承运人等对当前的航运态势的把握和未来走向预测，给决策者提出有益的建议。     

海水腐蚀、海生物污损与船舶营运经济性

文章介绍了船舶由于海水腐蚀和海生物污损,使船体表面粗糙度增加及降低船舶营运的经济性,提出了降低船体表面粗糙度、提高营运经济性的防蚀措施。     

Cost analysis of bulk cargo containerization

ABSTRACT

Bulk cargo containerization (BCC) involves changes in the transportation mode of container shipping for cargo that uses bulk carriers without packing. This topic has recently attracted considerable attention as an alternative transportation method for container cargo. BCC is advantageous because it can address imbalances in the amount of cargo conveyed between the main and back hauls, thereby improving efficiency. A previous survey among companies involved in cargo shipping revealed that in addition to ocean freight, vanning and devanning, and customs clearance costs, consignees’ decisions were the key factor in selecting transport modes. The present study aims to clarify the cost competitiveness of container shipping and identify cost reductions that may increase the use of BCC. To quantitatively check the results of the survey employed in this study, we constructed a model based on consignees’ and container shipping companies’ costs to determine the choice of transport mode for back-haul trade, then examined the incentives for consignees and shipping companies. We found that BCC can be realized by cost reduction on the part of the consignee and profit improvement on the part of the container shipping company for some routes and goods. Although reducing the freight rate would effectively promote BCC, reducing other costs would not have the same effect.     

Developments in UK shipping: the tonnage tax

The new UK Government, elected in May 1997, came to power with a commitment to reverse the decline of the UK shipping industry and enhance the employment prospects of UK seafarers. The Government commissioned Lord Alexander of Weedon to investigate the case for a tonnage tax. In this paper, the economic arguments for supporting the UK shipping industry are reviewed. There is some evidence that the UK holds a comparative advantage in world markets in key sectors of the shipping industry and on-shore maritime related activities, but is being undermined by lower foreign taxes. In the absence of government support, the UK shipping industry is likely to continue to decline, and, by further reducing the supply of qualified UK ex-seafarers, put at risk the successful on-shore activities. Various measures that might be used to support a national shipping industry, e.g. a tonnage tax, are considered. The paper concludes by discussing the likely impact of the tonnage tax on the UK's shipping industry.     

Barriers to energy efficiency in shipping

The shipping industry shows potential for improvements in energy efficiency. Nonetheless, shipping companies appear reluctant to adopt these seemingly cost-efficient technical and operational measures aiming at reducing energy costs. Such phenomenon is not specific to the shipping industry and is commonly referred to as the energy efficiency gap. Decades of research in other sectors have contributed to the development of taxonomy of economic, organizational and psychological barriers that determine energy efficiency gaps through the use of a variety of research frameworks. This article aims to apply this research in the shipping context through interviews and review of existing literature and applications from other industries, with the objective of providing useful insight for shipping managers. The article discusses examples of barriers that are typical to shipping and that are related to information asymmetries and power structures within organizations. Managers of shipping firms are encouraged to look through their organizations in search of principal agent problems and power structures among the possible causes for energy efficiency gaps in their companies’ operations and possibly strive towards organizational change.     

Developments in UK shipping: the tonnage tax

The new UK Government, elected in May 1997, came to power with a commitment to reverse the decline of the UK shipping industry and enhance the employment prospects of UK seafarers. The Government commissioned Lord Alexander of Weedon to investigate the case for a tonnage tax. In this paper, the economic arguments for supporting the UK shipping industry are reviewed. There is some evidence that the UK holds a comparative advantage in world markets in key sectors of the shipping industry and on-shore maritime related activities, but is being undermined by lower foreign taxes. In the absence of government support, the UK shipping industry is likely to continue to decline, and, by further reducing the supply of qualified UK ex-seafarers, put at risk the successful on-shore activities. Various measures that might be used to support a national shipping industry, e.g. a tonnage tax, are considered. The paper concludes by discussing the likely impact of the tonnage tax on the UK's shipping industry.     

大型豪华邮轮应用动力电池的能效与经济性分析

动力电池装船有利于节能减排,但目前主要应用在短距离小尺度船上,在大型船舶上的应用和研究均较少。基于Carnival Vista 62.4 MW动力系统技术参数和航速信息,采用多种能量管理算法,对比分析原型和动力电池替代主机动力系统方案的动力性和燃油经济性,阐明动力电池装船的资本回报周期,为大型船舶动力系统节能减排提供参考。     

Maritime piracy in the Indo-Pacific region – ship vulnerability issues

This paper describes the current situation with piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly off the Horn of Africa and in Southeast Asia. This situation may be aggravated due to the downturn in international shipping following the global financial crisis. This has led to surplus shipping capacity, crews paid off, lower profits, and ship owners seeking to cut costs. Many ships are laid up in anchorages prone to sea robbery, and there is a risk that ships might be less well maintained and operated. This paper also explains how some ships are more vulnerable to attack than others. Sub-standard ships are more likely to be successfully attacked than quality vessels. Issues are identified that might be addressed by the shipping industry and ship owners, as well as by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). In addition to being a victim of piracy, the shipping industry could be adding to the problem by laying up ships in vulnerable areas, reducing wages and sizes of crew and employing sub-standard ships. This situation could be symptomatic of wider problems in international shipping that throw doubt on the effectiveness of current regimes for ship safety, security and marine environmental protection.     

Evaluating economic and environmental value of liner vessel sharing along the maritime silk road

The Belt and Road initiative is a novel exploration of China towards strategic collaboration with Eurasia countries to an extent of a larger scale with higher and deeper level of cooperation. To meet the growing global demand of transportation, increasing numbers of liner shipping companies collaborate and form alliances to share vessel capacity and reduce capital costs. Effective liner shipping vessel sharing is essential for the Belt and Road initiative in terms of building efficient maritime transport networks. In promoting environmental development, shipping companies are required to attain higher environmental standards. However, limited literature relates vessel sharing to environmental performance. This paper studies the impacts of liner vessel sharing from the economic and environmental perspectives. Two container allocation models are developed for the two scenarios: with and without vessel sharing. The carbon emissions in transportation are calculated under both scenarios. Numerical studies are carried out using services along the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic (CIPE) Corridor. Liner shipping companies could benefit from vessel sharing in terms of significant profit improvement. Vessel sharing could also benefit the environment by reducing the CO₂ emissions dramatically.     

发达国家船舶配员现状与未来

简述了国际航运发达国家船舶配员减少的发展过程,总结了船舶配员减少的基础和主要方法,目的是为我国国家、航运企业及航海教育提供参考。     

Cost-effectiveness assessment of CO2 reducing measures in shipping

International shipping is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and is under mounting pressure to contribute to overall GHG emission reductions. There is an ongoing debate regarding how much the sector could be expected to reduce emissions and how the reduction could be achieved. This paper details a methodology for assessing the cost-effectiveness of technical and operational measures for reducing CO₂ emissions from shipping, through the development of an evaluation parameter called the Cost of Averting a Tonne of CO₂-eq Heating, CATCH, and decision criterion, against which the evaluation parameter should be evaluated. The methodology is in line with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and with regulatory work on safety and environmental protection issues at the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

The results of this study suggest that CATCH <50 $/tonne of CO₂-eq should be used as a decision criterion for investment in emission reduction measures for shipping. In total, 13 specific measures for reducing CO₂ emissions have been analysed for two selected case ships to illustrate the methodology. Results from this work shows that several measures are cost effective according to the proposed criterion. The results suggest that cost effective reductions for the fleet may well be in the order of 30% for technical measures, and above 50% when including speed reductions. The results of this study show that the cost effectiveness approach for the regulation of shipping emissions is viable and should be pursued in the ongoing regulatory process.