船用同轴电缆故障分析及检测方法研究

船用同轴电缆故障检测是保障通信试验及维修的一项基本内容,如何快速、有效地定位出故障点对于提高系统试验效率和维修质量起到了积极的作用。通常系统采用三用表、欧姆表结合经验进行电缆故障检测,甚至进口昂贵的频谱分析仪等设备对故障电缆点进行检测,但对于电缆常见的间歇性、连续故障所产生的微弱反射信号检测效率低下。基于这种情况,论文对电缆进行建模并得到故障电缆传递函数和反射函数,并根据电缆本身传播特性对常规反射计的检测信号进行改进,并采用时频域相关运算对反射信号进行处理,从而实现微弱反射信号的准确定位,提高了电缆故障的诊断效率。     

不平衡负载下船舶电力系统故障诊断研究

电力系统的故障诊断可以保证船舶的正常工作,针对当前单一模型无法全面、准确对船舶电力系统故障进行诊断的难题,提出一种基于组合模型的船舶电力系统故障诊断模型。首先提取不平衡负载下船舶电力系统的信号,并提取状态特征,然后采用隐马尔科夫法对船舶电力系统故障进行初步诊断,采用支持向量机对船舶电力系统故障进行进一步诊断,以提高船舶电力系统故障诊断的准确性。最后进行船舶电力系统故障诊断的测试,测试结果表明,组合模型可以从多个角度对船舶电力系统的工作状态进行分析,船舶电力系统故障诊断率高,不仅有降低了船舶电力系统故障的错误诊断率,而且改善了船舶电力系统故障效率。     

基于人工鱼群算法的船舶电子设备故障智能诊断方法

为实现电子设备的高效维护,确保船舶安全航行,设计了基于人工鱼群算法的船舶电子设备故障智能诊断方法。采用离散小波变换法分解电子设备运行信号样本,通过计算不同尺度下的小波能量值完成船舶电子设备故障特征参数的提取,将其作为基于RBF神经网络的故障诊断模型的输入,利用人工鱼群算法对故障诊断模型的权值、阈值参数作优化处理,最终输出不同类型故障发生概率,实现电子设备故障诊断。实验结果表明,正常以及不同故障状态下,电子设备运行信号的时域波形存在很大差异,研究方法可实现故障特征参数的提取,并完成故障类型的识别,30次迭代后MSE指标即可降至最低,仅为10^-4。     

Ship propulsion shafting bearing fault diagnosis based on holographic SDP similarity visual recognition北大核心CSCD

[目的]针对船舶推进轴系轴承的故障诊断问题,提出一种基于全息对称点图形(SDP)和相似性识别的可视化诊断方法。[方法]首先,多方位采集轴承振动信号,全面监测轴承发生故障时的规律性冲击在时域和频域中引起的非平稳性变化特征;然后,基于SDP对称点分布原理,将多个维度信号的时域和频谱融合至同一个二维图形,以放大信号之间的差异性;最后,基于相似性识别方法对轴承进行简易诊断。[结果]轴承故障实验平台的验证结果表明,该方法可以实现多个信号的有效图形融合,全面展示设备信号的状态特征,从而准确地诊断故障。[结论]研究成果可为船舶推进轴系轴承的可视化故障简易诊断提供参考。     

EMD技术在机械震动故障中的诊断方法

齿轮箱是船舶机械动力系统的核心装置,连接着动力系统各精密零部件,在船舶的整个航行中起着动力枢纽作用,对它的故障诊断的效率及准确性关系着航行的效率,也船舶系统工程重要研究方向。传统的故障诊断依靠测量设备对振动点进行大量测量,随后通过时域信号分析,其测量工作繁重且信号分析复杂度较大,已越来越不能适应现代故障检测要求。本文利用EMD技术对机械振动中的故障进行检测,对振动信号降噪利用小波变换进行处理,有效提高了诊断效率及精确度。     

基于嵌入式技术的船舶故障诊断控制器设计

船舶故障诊断是船舶运输航行的重要技术支持,为了有效提高船舶故障诊断效果,基于嵌入式技术设计新型船舶故障诊断控制器。该控制器从故障异常数据入手,首先建立故障训练样本,用于表示船舶正常航行以及多类型故障时的数据标数,根据训练样本,提取当前故障信号诊断特征,并利用最小二乘法对上述建立的训练样本数据进行直接限制,完成诊断特征分类,将分类后的数据进行信号去噪,消除无用数据,确定信号标度因子值,通过数据清洗,重新划分定位故障数据,实现故障诊断。实验数据表明,应用该故障诊断控制器,故障诊断率提高了22%,故障误判率降低了30%,有效提高船舶故障诊断控制效果。     

多传感器融合下船舶机电系统多发故障信号监测

为了提高船舶维护效率,提出一种多传感器融合下船舶机电系统多发故障信号监测方法。根据故障状态下的信号频率,使用小波变换法提取故障信号特征参数作为蚁群算法优化BP神经网络输入,实现多发故障诊断,并通过DS证据理论完成多传感器数据融合,得出故障诊断结果。实验结果表明,该方法可通过多传感器融合判断出船舶机电系统故障类型,即使一种传感器出现故障也不影响诊断效果,诊断船舶机电系统多发故障平均准确率高达97.02%,能够实现较为精准的船舶机电系统多发故障监测。     

舰船甲板起重机旋转故障自动诊断方法

利用传统方法对舰船甲板起重机旋转故障进行自动诊断,普遍存在鲁棒性较差的问题,从而导致诊断可靠性不高。针对上述问题,提出一种基于ICA-SVM的起重机旋转故障自动诊断方法。该方法首先利用传感器采集起重机旋转故障振动信号,接着利用ICV将源故障信号与干扰信号进行分离,然后从源故障信号中提取故障特征,最后利用SVA分类器进行故障匹配与识别,实现起重机旋转故障自动诊断。结果表明:与3种传统故障自动诊断方法:基于遗传算法的旋转故障诊断、基于粗糙集理论的旋转故障诊断以及基于Hilbert-Huang变换的旋转故障诊断相比,本诊断方法的最大误报率(3.5%)和漏报率(3.2%)最低,鲁棒性更好,说明本方法的诊断结果更可靠。     

船舶电力推进系统故障诊断技术

故障诊断技术是船舶电力推进系统研究中的重点,当前无法对船舶电力推进系统的故障进行准确划分,无法获得较优的船舶电力推进系统故障识别效果,为了获得理想的船舶电力推进系统故障诊断效果,设计一种信号去噪和数据挖掘的船舶电力推进系统故障诊断方法。首先分析船舶电力推进系统故障原理,采用船舶电力推进系统故障信号,然后对船舶电力推进系统故障信号进行去噪,提高船舶电力推进系统故障信号质量,并提取船舶电力推进系统故障诊断特征,最后采用最小二乘支持向量机设计船舶电力推进系统故障分类器,并与其他方法进行船舶电力推进系统故障诊断对比实验,相对于对比方法,本文方法的船舶电力推进系统故障诊断率高于94%,不仅船舶电力推进系统故障结果的误识率明显减少,而且加快了船舶电力推进系统故障诊断的速度,具有更加广泛的实际应用领域。     

故障并行计算在船舶电力设备故障信号诊断中的应用

船舶电力系统为自发电、自分配的独立电力系统,当电力设备出现故障时,会影响船舶的航行安全。为了对船舶电力设备故障信号进行准确的诊断,依据故障计算原理,利用故障并行计算方法进行船舶电力设备故障信号诊断,仿真试验证明,并行计算方法的故障诊断正确率与所耗时间均优于对比算法,同时,随着参与并行计算的线程的增加,诊断的实时性随之增强,是一种高效的船舶电力设备故障诊断方法。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。