船体总段对接焊缝结构疲劳寿命分析评估

船体的分段模块化建造模式正逐渐成为现代造船的主流模式.为充分发挥这一造船模式的效率和优势,分段合拢中的对接形式也从以往的"阶梯式"开始往"一刀齐"方式转变.本文根据中国船级社的船体结构疲劳强度指南,基于热点应力S-N曲线法的疲劳累积损伤理论,对某舰船的总段对接焊缝进行了疲劳强度和疲劳寿命的计算分析.结果表明,该舰船在总段合拢中采用纵骨与板同一截面的对接形式,其结构的疲劳性能与传统的纵骨与板交错布置的对接形式相当.本文结论为在区域造船总段合拢中推广纵骨与板同一截面工艺提供了参考依据.     

船体结构极限强度的影响参数与敏感度探讨

本文采用非线性有限元方法计算了船体结构在两种失效模式下的极限强度：一是加筋板格的非一性失稳极限强度；二是船体在中拱及中垂弯曲下的总纵屈服极限强度。较全面 探讨了计算中各种因素对第一种极限强度的影响，并对这两种极限强度中的主要影响参数，包括屈服应力、杨氏模量、初始缺陷、焊接残余应力、板厚等变化的敏感度作了计算，为船体结构的可靠性分析与设计提供了科学依据。     

水面舰船破损后船体总纵强度预报

本文主要述及水面舰船在执行任务过程中遭到损伤,在严重破损状况下舰船船体结构尚存承载能力的探讨。运用常用的极限弯矩强度计算方法对破损后的水面舰船进行程序化的船体总纵强度预报。     

不同扶强材形式的纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳试验

为了研究矩形扶强材和削斜扶强材结构形式的某铝合金船体纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳性能，对此进行了试验研究。首先建立舱段结构的有限元模型（该目标船纵骨采用6082铝合金，其他部分采用5083铝合金材料），确定载荷工况并计算分析两种扶强材结构在相应载荷水平下的应力分布状态。在此基础上，设计并开展了实际板厚四点弯曲疲劳模型试验，获得了试验模型在不同载荷水平下的疲劳失效循环次数，并且根据试验测得数据得到了两种扶强结构形式的S-N曲线。试验结果表明矩形扶强材形式的纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳性能优于削斜扶强材形式，该结论可为舰船上纵骨贯穿舱壁结构处节点形式的设计以及5083与6082铝合金焊接结构形式（T型焊接和趾端焊接）的疲劳强度评估提供依据。     

循环载荷下船体板极限承载性能研究

研究船体板在轴向循环压缩载荷下的极限承载性能,对于保障船舶的总纵强度安全具有重要意义。本文运用系列方柱试件模拟船体板构件,对其在轴向循环压缩下的极限承载能力进行了试验研究,并运用非线性有限元方法对其中两个试件进行了数值分析。研究表明,船体板一次性崩溃压缩极限强度是循环压缩载荷下船体板极限强度的最大值,基于一次性崩溃理念的船体结构极限强度评估可能偏于危险。     

不同扶强材形式的纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳试验

采用试验形式研究矩形扶强材和削斜扶强材结构形式的某铝合金船体纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳性能。首先建立舱段结构的有限元模型(目标船纵骨采用6082铝合金,其他部分采用5083铝合金材料),确定载荷工况并计算分析2种扶强材结构在相应载荷水平下的应力分布状态。在此基础上,设计并开展实际板厚4点弯曲疲劳模型试验,获得试验模型在不同载荷水平下的疲劳失效循环次数,根据试验测得数据得到2种扶强结构形式的S-N曲线。试验结果表明,矩形扶强材形式的纵骨贯穿舱壁结构疲劳性能优于削斜扶强材形式,该结论可为舰船上纵骨贯穿舱壁结构处节点形式的设计以及5083、6082铝合金焊接结构形式(T型焊接和趾端焊接)的疲劳强度评估提供依据。     

船舶典型结构焊接残余应力的有限元分析

在船舶建造中,会有大量的纵骨对接焊缝,存在复杂的焊接残余应力,对结构的极限强度及疲劳寿命有一定影响。该文运用有限元软件ANSYS的APDL语言编写出相应的计算程序,对平板对接焊进行数值模拟,并与试验值进行对比分析。在此基础上,对船舶典型纵骨对接焊进行数值模拟分析,得到相应的残余应力的分布规律。     

计及侧向载荷作用的纵骨梁柱多跨失稳载荷-端缩曲线确定方法

针对现有船体梁极限承载能力计算的Smith法不能计及侧向载荷作用的问题,本文提出了一种考虑侧向载荷作用下板架变形的纵骨梁柱失稳的屈曲载荷计算模型和方法,推导了计及侧向压力对板架影响的纵骨梁柱屈曲载荷-端缩曲线公式。进行了纵向与侧向载荷共同作用下三个板架的极限承载力计算,分析讨论了侧向载荷、板架参数等对纵骨梁柱屈曲极限强度的影响规律。应用本文方法编制了考虑侧向荷载作用的船体梁极限强度程序,进行了实船的计算和对比分析。     

带有初始缺陷的船体结构极限强度研究

船体结构的初始缺陷主要有初始挠度和焊接残余应力,初始缺陷对于船体的极限强度有着重要的影响。针对目前初始缺陷的模拟较为复杂的问题,寻找一种初始缺陷的简化模拟方法,采用板弯曲理论反推并模拟初始挠度,运用基于固有应变的等效载荷法模拟焊接残余应力,在此基础上应用非线性有限元法建立计及初始缺陷的船体极限强度分析方法。计算结果表明,船体结构初始缺陷对船体结构的影响不可忽略,基于固有应变的等效载荷法可较好模拟焊接缺陷。     

双向受压裂纹板剩余极限强度分析北大核心CSCD

[目的]船舶在航行过程中船底板等船体结构除了受到纵向弯曲应力以及舷侧外板传递的横向水压力载荷影响外,还因焊接及应力集中容易产生裂纹,使船体结构的承载能力降低。为此,[方法]通过数值计算,研究双向受压载荷作用下含中心裂纹船体板的剩余极限强度。首先,提出计算含裂纹船体板剩余极限强度的参数化函数模型;然后,计算和分析影响其强度的因素,如裂纹长度、倾角和船体板细长比、长宽比以及横纵载荷比,并提出倾斜裂纹的有效投影长度参数;最后,基于计算结果,拟合得到双向受压载荷作用下含中心裂纹船体板的剩余极限强度计算公式。[结果]结果表明,运用计算公式得到的结果具有较高的精度,[结论]可用于对实船上含中心裂纹船底板纵向极限承载能力的计算分析。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.