客车正面碰撞的乘员约束系统和损伤仿真研究

本文通过模拟仿真和理论分析的方法,对客车正面碰撞中不同乘坐位置和不同约束条件下乘员损伤情况进行了对比分析。针对客车上三种典型的乘员约束条件:无安全带约束、两点式安全带约束和三点式安全带约束,详细阐明了约束条件和座位位置对客车正面碰撞事故中乘员损伤部位的影响,以及不同约束条件下约束系统对乘员的保护效果,有利于提出合理的客车乘员约束系统性能要求。     

大金龙完成“中国客车正面第一碰”

几乎所有新车上市,都会通过正面碰撞试验来给车型安全性能进行评级,但是在客车领域,正面碰撞试验依然是一片空白。打开百度搜索引擎,关于"C-NCAP碰撞安全性能测试"的词条达到186万个。其中最为普遍的解释为:"将在市场上购买的新车型按照比我国现有强制性标准更严格和更     

汽车被动安全性及碰撞仿真研究综述

介绍了为保证汽车的被动安全性实施的国家基本标准和社会自发制定的评价体系,分析了被动安全性的主要研究内容和方法,着重探讨了国内外利用计算机虚拟仿真技术进行的研究,基于现状,今后的研究方向是更精细化的仿真研究与实现仿真碰撞和实车碰撞的良好交互。     

大金龙完成“中国客车正面第一碰＂

近门,记者从国内领先客车制造商-厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司（简称“大金龙”）获悉,日前,该公司旗下一款中型客车XMQ6900Y在北京交通部汽车试验场完成了国内首次正面100％重叠刚性壁障碰撞实验“中国客车正面第一碰”由此诞生。     

多相流颗粒碰撞磨损的研究

多相流碰撞磨损在工业上具有广泛的背景,是材料破坏或设备失效的重要原因之一。对国内外多相流碰撞磨损的研究进行了回顾和总结,影响碰撞磨损的因素有颗粒碰撞壁面速度、碰撞角度、颗粒浓度等方面;对多相流磨损的研究由实验方法向数值计算方面发展。颗粒碰撞对多相流防、除垢技术的工程设计具有一定的指导作用,为进一步的研究提供了方向。     

营运客车安全部件典型故障研究

本文针对营运客车开展主要安全部件典型故障研究.具体基于道路运输车辆领域国家及行业政策标准要求和新时代车载智能装备的技术发展现状,对营运客车安全运行相关电子控制系统和机械部件进行整体梳理,以汽车制动系统、转向系统、行驶系统、驾驶辅助装置、安全防护装置为分类,提出营运客车主要安全部件的主要功能、结构原理及典型故障,从而分析确定其对汽车运行安全的影响,为科学开展营运客车主要安全部件的性能评价和故障诊断,提高客车结构部件的使用质量和可靠性,保障道路运输车辆安全稳定运行提供基础理论支撑.     

能量吸收式转向柱碰撞试验方法的研究

分析了能量吸收式转向柱的吸能机理,分析了转向柱的安装角度对吸能效果的影响及转向柱碰撞试验方法.     

保险杆低速碰撞性能仿真研究

文章以某轿车前部保险杆做的结构碰撞模拟为例,通过对碰撞模型低速碰撞计算方法和建立保险杠有限元普适性模型,并对其进行非线性模拟分析和比较,得出增强保险杆耐撞性的规律。     

碰撞单元刚度对桥梁碰撞效应的影响

城市桥梁是城市交通网络的枢纽工程,建设成本高,一旦遭遇地震破坏,不仅会导致严重的交通瘫痪和巨大的经济损失,而且其震后修复极其困难且费用大,因此,城市桥梁的抗震防灾问题日益受到学术界和工程界的高度重视。近几十年的几次大地震表明,地震时桥梁大多因发生碰撞而引发破坏、落梁甚至坍塌等严重灾害。桥梁结构本身有其缺点,在通常情况下可能表现不出来,但是在强震下,特别是桥梁的上部结构由于邻梁或邻联间相互撞击而导致落梁和墩底的破坏甚至倒塌。因此有必要对桥梁结构进行碰撞效应分析。     

汽车碰撞模拟现状及发展趋势研究

分析了汽车安全标准,国内外汽车碰撞计算机模拟研究与发展状况,提出了通过对汽车碰撞进行模拟计算来部分地取代与改进汽车碰撞试验工作.     

船舶正撞桥墩数值模拟分析

WANG Yingfeng(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Bureau Veritas(China)Ltd,Shanghai 200011,China)     

Modeling the interaction between buses,passengers and cars on a bus route using a multi-agent system

This paper models part of a public transport network (PTN), specifically, a bus route, as a small-size multi-agent system (MAS). The proposed approach is applied to a case study considering a ‘real world’ bus line within the PTN in Auckland, New Zealand. The MAS-based analysis uses modeling and simulation to examine the characteristics of the observed system – autonomous agents interacting with one another – under different scenarios, considering bus capacity and frequency of service for existing and projected public transport (PT) demand. A simulation model of a bus route is developed, calibrated and validated. Several results are attained, such as when the PT passenger load is not close to bus capacity, this load has no effect on average passenger waiting time at bus stops. The model proposed can be useful to practitioners as a tool to model the interaction between buses and other agents.     

Are urban bus services natural monopolies?

Although Britain's local bus services have been open to free competition for more than three years, most have continued to be operated as monopolies by the original incumbents. Some competition has occurred, but the incumbents have usually driven off entrants. This paper uses findings from case-studies of competition and from deregulation generally to consider whether monopoly operation has inherent advantages over competitive operation. If so, urban bus routes would be natural monopolies. The evidence suggests that they may be, because single-operator services are more convenient for users.     

Policy Simulation for New BRT and Area Pricing Alternatives Using an Opinion Survey in Jakarta

Abstract

An area pricing scheme for Jakarta, Indonesia, is currently under review as a transportation control measure along with the operation of new bus rapid transit (BRT) system. While this scheme may be effective for congestion reduction in the central business district (CBD), provision of alternative means of transportation for auto users that are ‘pushed-out’ is of great importance to obtain public acceptance. Hence, it is necessary to simulate simultaneously the area pricing scheme and the BRT development which may serve as an alternative for assumed ‘pushed-out’ auto users. Utilizing data from an opinion survey, this paper studies how BRT and auto ridership are likely to vary as a function of traveler and system attributes. Additionally, the study attempts to evaluate the way this new travel mode is distinguished from other existing conventional transportation alternatives in Jakarta. The survey data contains socioeconomic information of over 1000 respondents as well as details of to-work/school trips to the CBD including mode, travel cost, time, etc. Respondents were asked about their willingness to shift from their current mode to BRT to make the same travel for different BRT fare levels. Modeling efforts suggest that a mixed logit model performs better in explaining choice behavior. Therefore, this model was used for policy simulation. The simulation results brought about many implications as to the tested policies. While the developed models may be applied only to future BRT corridors in which the survey was conducted, they capture the key variables that are significant in explaining mode choice behavior and present great potential for practical use in policy simulation and analysis in a large metropolitan area of the developing world.