超大型集装箱船甲板最大堆重研究

德国劳氏船级社规范(GL-2013)对集装箱船尤其是超大型集装箱船的横向加速度系数计算进行了调整,大幅度提高了甲板上集装箱堆重。文章根据绑扎计算结果,将规范变化前后的横向加速度系数和最大堆重进行对比,以及对2层箱高绑扎桥和3层箱高绑扎桥的最大堆重进行对比。结果显示,随着规范的更新及绑扎点高度提高,集装箱甲板最大堆重显著增加,堆重分布更加优化合理,为今后超大型集装箱船甲板面堆重设计参数的合理选取提供了一定的参考。     

大型集装箱船甲板堆重的影响因素

以某14 500 TEU集装箱船为对象,基于DNV GL规范对影响集装箱船甲板堆重的主要因素进行分析。首先介绍新规范采用的横向加速度系数计算方法,对比新旧方法对甲板许用最大堆重的影响;然后对比分析绑扎形式以及绑扎桥层数对甲板许用最大堆重和系固系统设计的影响。结果表明:随着规范的更新,集装箱横向加速度系数明显降低;同时,由于采用外绑形式和3层绑扎桥,大型集装箱船甲板堆重能力明显提高,但这也对集装箱系固系统设计带来了一些新的影响。     

超大型集装箱船绑扎桥选型及设计探讨

考虑到绑扎桥是超大型集装箱船的关键设备,其合理选型及设计关系到甲板上集装箱的堆装能力及系固安全性,以堆重指标、航线要求、集装箱布置为设计出发点,分析绑扎桥各个设计要点的关键因素,基于有限元方法进行绑扎桥的强度计算分析,探讨绑扎桥高度增加的经济性。     

大型集装箱船绑扎桥结构优化设计

为有效降低大型集装箱船的空船重量,针对绑扎桥结构轻量化设计进行研究。以某14500TEU集装箱船为研究对象,根据船级社规范要求针对结构设计方案进行有限元计算分析,依次从剪力墙布置、立柱设置和局部尺寸优化等三个层次对原始方案进行优化设计。研究结果表明,优化方案在满足船级社规范要求、保证堆重指标的同时有效降低了绑扎桥的结构重量。本文的设计思路和优化方法可以为今后大型集装箱船绑扎桥的结构设计提供一定参考。     

两种横向加速度计算方法对集装箱系固的影响

基于700～4 200 TEU等5种典型的集装箱船,对《CCS-2012》规范和《CCS-2017》规范给出的2种用于集装箱系固计算的横向加速度计算方法进行对比,计算5种船型不同纵向位置的横向加速度及可实现的最大堆重,基于4 200 TEU集装箱船讨论船型参数对《CCS-2017》计算结果的影响,结果表明,与《CCS-2012》相比,《CCS-2017》对船舶尺度大于1 900 TEU级的中、大型集装箱船的系固设计有利,但将给船舶尺度小于1 900 TEU级的小型集装箱船的系固设计带来不利影响;对于船舶尺度大于1 900 TEU级的集装箱船,随着船舶尺度的增加,《CCS-2017》的优势越明显;方形系数、航速、船宽对《CCS-2017》的横向加速度及最大堆重计算结果存在一定影响,其中船宽是最主要的影响因素。     

198TEU多用途集装箱船集装箱的系固设计及其计算

本文介绍了198TEU多用途集装箱船集装箱的系固设计及其计算，可为同类型集装箱船集装箱的设计参考。     

新规范对集装箱船舱段结构直接计算的影响

本文深入的解析了《国内航行海船建造规范》2016及2017修改通报中关于集装箱船舱段有限元直接计算的修改内容,探讨了计算过程中应注意的主要问题,并通过对一艘1330TEU集装箱船进行算例分析,考察了规范修改对于国内航行集装箱船的结构强度的影响,进而得出了一些有用的观点和经验以供设计者参考借鉴。     

POSEIDON程序在8530TEU集装箱船的实船应用

8530TEU集装箱船是沪东中华造船（集团）有限公司为中国海运（集团）公司建造的迄今为止国内最大的超大型集装箱船。本文介绍了8530TEU集装箱船结构的前期开发和相关准备工作，并就应用德国劳氏船级社（GL）的POSEIDON程序对该船进行的结构规范计算（主要是船体纵向构件的规范计算）作了简要介绍，提供了结构规范计算的部分结果，以供使用者参考。     

巴拿马型集装箱船的中剖面设计

巴拿马型集装箱是总长和型宽受到限制的大型集装箱船，舱口属大开口。该船型中剖面设计的难点是既要满足规范对总纵强度的要求，又要大舱口净宽以提高集装箱装裁能力。本文介绍了按劳氏船级社１９９４年规范计算设计巴拿马型集装箱船中剖面的若干要点。     

CSR节点力施加方法对集装箱船总强度评估的适用性研究

以10 000 TEU集装箱船为例,分别采用DNV规范中的节点力法及《油船散货船共同结构规范》(CSR)中的节点力法对其总强度进行计算。对比二者的计算结果,分析CSR节点力施加方法对集装箱船总强度评估的适用性及其优缺点。结果显示,CSR节点力施加方法适用于集装箱船总强度评估,且可有效避免局部应力集中现象。     

Model and algorithm for container ship stowage planning based on bin-packing problem

In a general case, container ship serves many different ports on each voyage. A stowage planning for container ship made at one port must take account of the influence on subsequent ports. So the complexity of stowage planning problem increases due to its multi-ports nature. This problem is NP-hard problem. In order to reduce the computational complexity, the problem is decomposed into two sub-problems in this paper. First, container ship stowage problem （CSSP） is regarded as “packing problem”, ship-bays on the board of vessel are regarded as bins, the number of slots at each bay are taken as capacities of bins, and containers with different characteristics （homogeneous containers group） are treated as items packed. At this stage, there are two objective functions, one is to minimize the number of bays packed by containers and the other is to minimize the number of overstows. Secondly, containers assigned to each bays at first stage are allocate to special slot, the objective functions are to minimize the metacentric height, heel and overstows. The taboo search heuristics algorithm are used to solve the subproblem. The main focus of this paper is on the first subproblem. A case certifies the feasibility of the model and algorithm.     

船载危险货物集装箱开箱检查目标箱选择机制

为提高船载危险货物集装箱开箱检查的准确性和检查效率,该研究借鉴人工查找瞒报谎报危险货物集装箱的成功经验,建立了目标箱评估指标体系,同时,采用神经网络评估方法建立非线性的目标箱评估模型并进行实例验证。     

Review of containership stowage plans for full routes

Containership stowage plans are a pivotal teaches in the system of container transportation. With the increasing containers shipping, planning containership stowage has become more and more complicated. So intelligent stowage planning for containerships is of great significance. An effective stowage plan may improve efficiency of transportation system. First, the progress of containership stowage plan at home and abroad is reviewed, including the latest developments, such as the application of various optimization methods and computer techniques to the problem. Then, the complexities of the problem are discussed and areas where investigations are still needed are pointed out. This will provide a reference for further research on the subject.     

改进遗传算法在驳船配载中的应用

驳船是大型海洋结构物下水作业的一种常用运输工具。驳船的配载主要是依据静力学平衡原理和船舶基本知识对船舶浮态的调节。为了在较短时间内完成配载作业,对遗传算法进行了改进,提出种群全部交叉和分布式动态惩罚函数法等改进机制,对驳船配载中的调载水量分布进行优化。计算结果表明,改进遗传算法的配载方案比基本配载方案时间更短、效率更高。运用本改进遗传算法对驳船配载进行方案优化,能够满足工程要求,缩短上驳作业时间。     

Evaluation of expected maximum values of forces acting on containers and lashing rods on a container ship

The appearance of a number of large container ships in the 8000 TEU range raises the importance of a plan for container lashing arrangements on deck in relation to the design of the ship. Therefore, it is expected that a new method for evaluating the lashing arrangements on deck will be introduced which is applicable regardless of the ship's size and the lashing pattern, instead of using the standards of several different societies, as happens at present. To evaluate the lashing arrangements on deck, the expected maximum values of the forces acting on the containers and lashing rods should be evaluated. This paper presents a new method of evaluating the container lashing arrangements on a container ship using an "acceleration ellipsoid." The applicability of the acceleration ellipsoid to an evaluation of the expected maximum values of the forces was examined by comparing the expected maximum values of the forces calculated by the long-term distribution calculation known as the "Fukuda method," to those calculated using the acceleration ellipsoid. By comparing these results, it was confirmed that the expected maximum values of the forces calculated using the acceleration ellipsoid were not less than those calculated through by the long-term distribution calculation. It is concluded that the acceleration ellipsoid can be used to evaluate the expected maximum values of the forces acting on containers and lashing rods. Received: December 14, 2000 / Accepted: March 22, 2001     

《特种用途船舶安全规则2008》对起重/铺管船设计新要求分析

起重/铺管船因船上搭载众多施工人员而引用《特种用途船安全规则》,2008年海安会第84次会议通过了《特种用途船安全规则2008》以取代A.534(13)版《特种用途船安全规则》。叙述了新老规则的差异,并通过某起重船的实例计算分析,比较了两者之间的异同点,提出了起重/铺管船按新规则设计时应关注的重点。     

Multi-agent system with iterative auction mechanism for master bay plan problem in marine logistics

The support of containerization to trade development demands an efficient solution method for the container loading problem in order to reduce shipment and handling time. Hence, the stowage planning of containers is critical to provide speedy delivery of resources from the area of supply to the area of demand. Moreover, information on container terminal activities, structure of ship, and characteristics of containers is distributed among stowage planners. This information imposes constraints, and so the master bay plan problem (MBPP) becomes NP-hard. Therefore, a multi-agent systems (MAS) methodology is designed to effectively communicate the information and solve the MBPP sustainably. In the designed MAS methodology, an information exchange system (IES) is created for stowage planners to bid for ship slots in each experimental iterative combinatorial auction (ICA) market. The winner in the ICA experiments is provided with the ship slots, and the entire bay plan is prepared. Further, the ship-turnaround time is validated using the data obtained from the benchmark problem.     

岸桥双箱吊具双箱检测保护系统升级改造

为确保岸桥双箱吊具双箱检测保护系统的安全运行,对其进行了升级改造.分析岸桥双箱吊具使用情况和存在问题.提出双箱检测系统升级方案设计.改造后有效地排除了安全隐患.     

船舶轴系扭振计算和测试实例分析

船级社规范对轴系扭振提出了计算和实测的要求。本文对若干轴系固有频率的实测值与计算值不一致的船舶进行了分析，并给出了对影响其相应计算精度的减振器、曲轴、联轴节刚度等扭振参数进行了修正的实例；通过实测，对无阻尼自由振动计算的振型精度亦进行了分析，按振型推算系统响应超规范要求的船舶，可根据实测振幅来调整阻尼参数并用解析计算法来评价轴系扭振特性。结果表明，精确测定出系统的固有频率和振幅，从而核定轴系的扭振参数，是提高扭振计算精度的关键所在。     

船舶冷藏集装箱故障诊断范例集的建立

冷藏集装箱迅速发展成为国际贸易中的一种重要运输手段,但是,由于船舶冷藏集装箱随船运行在海上,所处环境差,所以制冷系统的故障经常发生且十分复杂,在此共模拟了四种故障,列出了各故障与原因之间的对应关系并建立了故障诊断范例集.