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深水码头多处在自然条件复杂的外海,在海洋波浪循环荷载作用下,许多码头在未达到设计使用年限时便已产生严重损伤而无法使用。针对海洋波浪循环荷载作用下码头整体结构的特殊损伤情况,根据工程实际,采用ANSYS软件建立了高桩码头的地基-桩-上部结构整体有限元模型。采用损伤本构关系,建立海洋土软化系数经验公式,模拟分析了不同运行年限后码头损伤破坏规律。研究结果显示:裂纹最早从面板开始,并且裂纹逐渐向横梁底部发展;但由于地基土的软化与混凝土的软化不同步,10 a后增加的裂纹先从横梁的底部开始。因此设计时应考虑循环波浪荷载对码头桩基-上部结构的整体影响,根据实际桩基与上部结构的协同作用机理采用相应的措施,使设计更加科学可靠。 相似文献
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采用随机波浪谱和Miner线性疲劳累积损伤原理对轻型码头结构在波浪荷载和船舶撞击荷载共同作用下的疲劳可靠性进行研究。根据轻型码头结构变形大的特点,计算船舶撞击力时考虑了结构刚度对撞击力的影响,波浪荷载使用Morison方程计算,并以Airy波浪理论计算水质点速度。结果表明:波浪荷载和船舶撞击力对轻型码头结构的疲劳寿命均产生一定的影响,在进行疲劳可靠性分析时应考虑两种荷载的共同作用。 相似文献
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研究了有波浪力情况下重力式码头的抗滑、抗倾稳定性抗力和荷载效应的统计特征,提出了抗滑、抗倾稳定性可靠指标的简化计算公式,根据10个方块码头和46个沉箱码头的JC法可靠指标计算结果确定了简化计算公式和简化设计公式的参数。研究表明,波浪力占总荷载效应的比例对可靠指标的计算结果影响很大;对于同种类型的重力式码头,在相同的墙后填料情况下,抗滑、抗倾稳定性计算中抗力和荷载效应的均值系数和变异系数可视为常数;采用简化公式计算的重力式码头抗滑、抗倾稳定性可靠指标与JC法的计算结果非常接近。 相似文献
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为了总结和推广超大型外海孤岛式码头的设计建造经验,以中化泉州30万吨级岛式码头设计为例,提出了该项目需解决的几个关键技术问题,如:工作船泊位和大型油船作业标准的协调问题,波浪、地质变化大的45万t码头水工建筑物结构设计问题,海底管道固定问题及消防取水安全保障问题。通过分析波浪地质条件、优化码头平面布置、计算荷载及创新结构构造,有效解决了上述问题。 相似文献
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针对中国的游艇码头规范中关于结构荷载设计的规定不很详尽的问题,结合国内外游艇码头设计规范,对游艇码头的风荷载、波浪荷载、水流力、系揽力以及撞击速度进行研究。通过研究可知,中国规范中对风荷载、波浪荷载以及水流力的计算较为合理;而对于船舶系缆力的计算方法略欠妥,建议参考美国或者澳大利亚规范进行设计计算;对于撞击工况的计算,建议参考澳大利亚规范中的撞击速度进行设计计算。 相似文献
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软基深水高桩码头结构受到恶劣外海环境荷载及复杂工作荷载等多元荷载的共同作用。研究表明,船舶撞击荷载是该结构水平向控制荷载,但波浪长期循环荷载作用会引起桩周土体软化,进而导致码头结构在其它荷载作用下承载特性的劣化。鉴于此,首先基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立了深水高桩码头结构-地基土体相互作用的三维弹塑性有限元模型;然后,借助USDFLD子程序实现了同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减的模拟,进而开展了未考虑土体软化、仅考虑土体强度弱化、仅考虑土体刚度衰减以及同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减对码头结构承载特性影响的对比分析。研究结果表明,与未考虑土体软化时撞击荷载作用下码头结构安全系数相比,仅考虑土体强度弱化时其值降低14.72%,仅考虑土体刚度衰减时其值降低15.28%,同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减时其值降低19.44%,且考虑土体软化后桩周土体的塑性应变范围明显增大,极限状态时桩身应力值减小,结构稳定性显著降低。 相似文献
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Hiroshi Kawabe 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2002,6(3):135-147
This report is concerned with the statistical analysis of the long-term distribution of a wave-induced load, and examines
which factors influence the long-term distribution of the load level, e.g., the significant wave height, the mean wave period
of the supposed wave condition, and the relative angle between the ship's course and the wave direction. The long-term distribution
is broken down into these factors, and a contribution rate analysis method for each factor in each load level in the long-term
distribution is introduced. Based on the method used, the contribution rate of a specific mean wave period and a wave angle
encountered is clarified, when the long-term distribution is larger than other wave periods and wave angles. The specific
mean wave period and wave angle encountered are defined as the wave condition which governs the long-term distribution. The
maximum wave-induced load in the vicinity of a probability of exceedance of around 10−8 in the long-term distribution is decided by the most severe short-term wave condition which has the largest significant wave
height with a specific mean wave period. Based on S–N curves and Miner's rule, the relation between the fatigue damage and the supposed wave condition is examined. The contribution
rate analysis method for fatigue damage is introduced. The governing wave condition and the most severe short-term wave condition
also have an important effect on the fatigue damage. A simple estimation method for the long-term distribution, described
by the Weibull distribution from the statistical properties of the most severe short-term wave condition, is introduced. Several
examples show the applicability of the estimation method.
Received: November 22, 2001 / Accepted: January 9, 2002 相似文献
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In this study, we consider first- and second-order random wave loads and the effects of time-varying displacement volume and transient wave elevation to establish motion equations of the Spar platform’s coupled heave-pitch. We generated random wave loads based on frequency-domain wave load transfer functions and the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) wave spectrum, designed program codes to solve the motion equations, and then simulated the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform in the time domain. We then calculated and compared the motion responses in different sea conditions and separately investigated the effects of second-order random wave loads and transient wave elevation. The results show that the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform are primarily dominated by wave height and the characteristic wave period, the latter of which has a greater impact. Second-order mean wave loads mainly affect the average heave value. The platform’s pitch increases after the second-order low frequency wave loads are taken into account. The platform’s heave is underestimated if the transient wave elevation term in the motion equations is neglected. 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2016,(2)
In this study, the coupled heave-pitch motion equations of a spar platform were established by considering 1st-order and 2nd-order random wave loads and the effects of time-varying displacement volume and transient wave elevation. We generated random wave loads based on frequency-domain wave load transfer functions and the Joint North Sea Wave Project(JONSWAP) wave spectrum, designed program codes to solve the motion equations, and then simulated the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform in the time domain. We then calculated and compared the motion responses in different sea conditions and separately investigated the effects of 2nd-order random wave loads and transient wave elevation. The results show that the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform are primarily dominated by wave height and the characteristic wave period, the latter of which has a greater impact. 2nd-order mean wave loads mainly affect the average heave value. The platform's pitch increases after the 2nd-order low frequency wave loads are taken into account. The platform's heave is underestimated if the transient wave elevation term in the motion equations is neglected. 相似文献
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