钢筋混凝土梁承载力分析的打靶法及其应用

根据钢筋混凝土(RC)梁静力学分析的虚功原理,导出了考虑钢筋和混凝土非线性材料特性及梁身剪切变形的RC梁静力分析控制微分方程与边界条件。将得到的控制方程转化为由6个一阶常微分方程构成的非线性微分方程组边值问题,从而采用非线性打靶法研究RC梁的静力学行为,得到了RC梁的位移与弯矩响应。对比RC梁Timoshenko模型与Euler-Bernoulli模型分析结果,验证了所展开分析的正确性、参数研究了RC梁的剪切效应,以及通过RC梁的弯矩分析,得到非线性RC梁弯矩调幅系数;通过RC梁的正应力分析,得到了RC梁的裂纹分布区域。     

船舶对称响应的非线性水弹性微分分析法

本文给出了一个预报波浪诱导的船舶垂向运动和结构总体动响应的非线性时域水弹性力学微分分析法，这一理论是控制论的分析方法应用于船体与流体非线性相互作用研究领域的尝试，其流固耦合系统的非线性时域水动作用过程（含记忆效应）由一阶非齐次偏微分方程组来描述，理论预报与Ｓ１７５弹性材料船模型实验比较，结果令人满意。     

利用AGM求解粘弹性地基刚性梁的非线性控制微分方程（英文）

In the present paper a vibrational differential equation governing on a rigid beam on viscoelastic foundation has been investigated. The nonlinear differential equation governing on this vibrating system is solved by a simple and innovative approach, which has been called Akbari-Ganji’s method(AGM). AGM is a very suitable computational process and is usable for solving various nonlinear differential equations. Moreover, using AGM which solving a set of algebraic equations, complicated nonlinear equations can easily be solved without any mathematical operations.Also, the damping ratio and energy lost per cycle for three cycles have been investigated. Furthermore, comparisons have been made between the obtained results by numerical method(Runk45) and AGM. Results showed the high accuracy of AGM. The results also showed that by increasing the amount of initial amplitude of vibration(A), the value of damping ratio will be increased, and the energy lost per cycle decreases by increasing the number of cycle. It is concluded that AGM is a reliable and precise approach for solving differential equations. On the other hand, it is better to say that AGM is able to solve linear and nonlinear differential equations directly in most of the situations. This means that the final solution can be obtained without any dimensionless procedure.Therefore, AGM can be considered as a significant progress in nonlinear sciences.     

用有效的解析和数值方法估算船舶在随机横浪中的横摇运动（英文）

A steady-state roll motion of ships with nonlinear damping and restoring moments for all times is modeled by a second-order nonlinear differential equation. Analytical expressions for the roll angle, velocity, acceleration, and damping and restoring moments are derived using a modified approach of homotopy perturbation method(HPM). Also, the operational matrix of derivatives of ultraspherical wavelets is used to obtain a numerical solution of the governing equation. Illustrative examples are provided to examine the applicability and accuracy of the proposed methods when compared with a highly accurate numerical scheme.     

高速船复合材料层合板非线性动力失稳分析

对高速船复合材料层合板在轴向线性增长载荷作用下的非线性动力失稳进行了研究。基于极的大挠度基本假设,导出四边简支矩形层合板的非线性动力方程及变形及协调方程;用级数展开把非线性偏微分方程组化为易于求解的Kronecker内积形式的二阶常微分方程组,并由四阶Runge-kutta法数值求解,讨论了加载速率对复合材料层合板动力失稳的影响。由于本文在方程求解中采用了Kronecker内积,故提高了解的精度及效率。     

无线传感器网络电子航标节点定位算法研究

介绍了无线传感器网络电子航标节点测距定位的定位原理和算法.针对该定位算法的非线性方程组求解问题,依据UKF算法,用一个最小的样本点集来近似系统状态的分布函数.实现了当系统按实际的非线性模型演化时,对非线性函数的后验均值与方差的很好拟合.仿真结果表明,用UKF算法的节点定位估计精度在5%以内.可见,它在解决非线性机动目标跟踪问题时有比较好的跟踪性能和滤波结果.     

基于增量谐波平衡法的输流管道非线性振动分析

考虑内、外流体的影响,利用Kane方法和拉格朗日应变理论建立了输流管道的二维非线性动力学模型.将动力学模型在平衡位置附近线性化,进行输流管道的线性稳定性分析.采用增量谐波平衡法求解包含三次非线性项动力学模型的稳态周期解.探讨了不同参数影响下输流管道的非线性动力响应以及内流流速的大小对管道动力特性的影响.     

白噪声海浪激励下船舶非线性横摇运动的概率分析

应用求解FPK方程近似解的一种新理论研究白噪声激励下船舶非线性横摇运动的联合概率密度函数及稳定期望穿阈率.船舶随机横摇运动微分方程考虑到阻尼力与恢复力的非线性.新理论基于减少FPK方程的误差以获得参数化的联合概率密度函数.应用本理论易得一维积分表达的系统响应的概率特性,如联合概率密度函数及稳定期望穿阈率.近似解与精确解的比较结果表明:新理论在研究白噪声激励下船舶非线性横摇运动是非常有效的.     

大水位差架空直立式码头平面框架结构水平承载力分析

针对内河高水位差架空直立式码头的结构形式,对多种荷载下的结构静力非线性响应做了数值分析,通过与室内模型试验测试数据对比,验证了分析方法的可靠性。随后对该类结构进行了大量的数值计算,得到了码头结构和桩基在不同荷载下的力学响应。分析结果表明:利用静力非线性分析方法,能够较好地分析结构受力响应的过程,同时还能发现其中的薄弱环节;在结构分析中计算各类截面塑性铰的性能,很容易判断构件是否屈服或破坏;对于该类结构,在结构优化设计时,宜分成桩1和其它桩两类,通过优化两类桩之间的联系方式使结构受力更合理。     

大水位差架空直立式码头平面框架结构水平承载力分析

针对内河高水位差架空直立式码头的结构形式,对多种荷载下的结构静力非线性响应做了数值分析,通过与室内模型试验测试数据对比,验证了分析方法的可靠性.随后对该类结构进行了大量的数值计算,得到了码头结构和桩基在不同荷载下的力学响应.分析结果表明:利用静力非线性分析方法,能够较好地分析结构受力响应的过程,同时还能发现其中的薄弱环节;在结构分析中计算各类截面塑性铰的性能,很容易判断构件是否屈服或破坏;对于该类结构,在结构优化设计时,宜分成桩1和其它桩两类,通过优化两类桩之间的联系方式使结构受力更合理.     

一种基于神经网络集成的舰船参数辨识方法

针对舰船的水面动力响应提出了一种基于神经网络集成参数辨识模型,通过由系统微分方程导出的完备状态点的概念,给出了个体网络的生成方法和一种特殊的集成神经网络的模型分解法,可使模型的输出动态逼近目标的实际可能状态,进而对舰船的相关参数做出有效估计;并对所提出的辨识模型进行了稳定性和收敛性分析。仿真试验表明模型具有快速准确的逼近能力和很好的泛化能力。     

Integral transform solution for fluid force investigation of a flexible circular cylinder subject to vortex-induced vibrations

In the present paper, fluid force distribution of a long flexible cylinder subject to vortex-induced vibrations is investigated by Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT). This method is using experimental response data as input, and then implementing GITT to transfer the governing differential equations to ordinary differential equations. Therefore, the selection of truncation order could be analyzed to avoid the error induced by the high-mode response. Once each mode contribution of fluid force is obtained, the analytical inversion transfer recovers the fluid force. An experiment was carried out in a towing tank and the experimental response was accurately measured and used as input, then GITT was performed to calculate the fluid force distribution of the long flexible cylinder. The comparison between the numerical results from GITT and the experimental results from load cell verified the capability and availability of the proposed method. If one can use this method for lower modes, then one certainly can extend the method for higher modes. Two experimental cases from the literature were evaluated and good agreement was obtained based on the spatio-temporal evolutions of the lift coefficient and the mode numbers. Since this method is easy to implement, it could be an alternative method to investigate fluid force of such slender structures.     

Experimental study on the nonlinear pressure acting on a high-speed vessel in irregular waves

The present study focuses on the nonlinear behavior of pressure on the hull surface of a high-speed vessel in irregular waves, particularly the pressure responses of alternately wet and dry areas near the waterline and on the bow zone. The vessel has high deadrise angles that may be subject to slight impact and water pile-up effects. A series of experiments in regular and irregular head waves were conducted, and the validity of applying Volterra modeling was investigated. In a previous article using experimental data in regular waves, it was confirmed that the approximate third-order Volterra model adequately simulated the variation of pressure responses in regular waves of different steepness up to a wave amplitude with a wavelength ratio of 0.01, even for the highly nonlinear pressures acting on the abovementioned areas of the hull surface. In this article, further validation for the second part of the study was obtained using experimental data in irregular waves. The frequency response functions obtained from the previous study’s experimental data in regular waves were applied to the third-order Volterra model by combining the input of irregular waves to simulate the responses in irregular waves of sea state five. Then, the spectra and statistics were analyzed. For the motions, accelerations, and pressure responses in irregular waves (as well as for the simulated time histories) variance spectra and statistics such as cumulative distributions of peak values and probability density functions were compared with the experimental results. It was confirmed that even for highly nonlinear and non-Gaussian pressures on the abovementioned areas of the hull surface, the approximate third-order Volterra model simulates the pressure responses in irregular head waves up to a sea state of five with adequate accuracy on deterministic and statistical bases.     

Experimental study on the nonlinear pressure acting on a high-speed vessel in regular waves

It is well known that the hydrodynamic responses of a high-speed vessel traveling in regular head waves of even moderate wave height can show significant nonlinear behavior, and so linear statistical techniques become insufficient for predicting the statistics of responses in irregular waves. On the other hand, it has been shown that an approximate third-order Volterra model is applicable to handling the statistics of some nonlinear seakeeping problems, such as motions and vertical hull girder loads. In the present study, the focus is on the nonlinear behavior of the pressure responses of the hull surface, especially on the pressures acting on alternately wet and dry areas near the waterline and on the bow zone with high deadrise angles that may be subject to slight impact and water pile-up effects. To clarify the validity of applying Volterra modeling to this problem, a series of experiments in regular and irregular head waves were carried out, and approximate third-order and fifth-order Volterra models with the proposed algorithm for finding frequency response functions (FRFs) were applied as a means of validation. In the present article, the first part of the validation was performed using experimental data in regular waves. It was confirmed that the third-order Volterra model has adequate accuracy to simulate deterministically the variation of pressure responses in regular waves of different wave steepness up to a wave amplitude to wavelength ratio of 0.01 even for the highly nonlinear pressures acting on the above-mentioned areas of the hull surface.     

船舶主推进系统冲击研究

舰船推进轴系是舰船动力装置的重要组成部分,它的稳定性是舰船生命力的基本保证.文章以舰船主推进轴系为研究对象,考虑了在外冲击作用下转速对于转轴冲击响应的影响.还考虑了横向运动与转动耦合作用,采用多体动力学的方法建模,导出以非线性偏微分方程描述的舰船主推进轴的动力学方程,并用经典理论对其进行离散,最后采用龙格-库塔法进行数值仿真.实例分析指出转速对于转轴冲击响应的影响不可忽略.     

单壳船侧结构的碰撞能量吸收

文章提出一种近似的解析方法评估单壳船侧结构的耐撞性。首先研究了单轴对称工字梁在横向载荷作用下结构从形成塑性铰到弦响应的力学过程,导出能量和变形的近似解析关系,然后考虑球鼻首和船侧结构的碰撞性将主要受撞区域舷侧板梁组合结构离散成为多个单轴对称工字梁,得到单壳舷侧结构碰撞过程能量吸收的近似公式,同时研究了球鼻形状以及不同碰撞位置对结构变形与能量吸收的影响。对散货船单壳舷侧结构的耐撞性用本文近似理论公式     

小波加权残值法在固支矩形板后屈曲上的应用

根据Von Karman板大挠度方程,以小波函数作为试函数,采用小波加权残值法将四边固支矩形板的平衡控制方程和变形协调方程化解为两个非线性方程组,将后屈曲路径的求解转化为两个非线性方程组的求解问题.将载荷分为多个水平,利用Newton-Raphson迭代算法求得非线性方程组的解,从而得到四边固支矩形板的后屈曲平衡路径和四级渐进解.通过算例表明小波可以用于解决矩形板的后屈曲问题.     

潜艇管路系统固液耦合动力特性研究

根据Hamilton 原理,推导了管路固液耦合振动微分方程,通过Galerkin法,计算出了管路系统振动固有频率的近似解析式.研究表明,潜艇管路系统振动固有频率随内流流速的增大而降低,随压强的增加而略有提高.因充液输送管路内脉动的随机性,并用ANSYS 对其进行了动力特性研究,探测其共振响应.     

钢夹层板数值模拟技术(英文)

Sandwich plate systems (SPS) are advanced materials that have begun to receive extensive attention in naval architecture and ocean engineering. At present, according to the rules of classification societies, a mixture of shell and solid elements are required to simulate an SPS. Based on the principle of stiffness decomposition, a new numerical simulation method for shell elements was proposed. In accordance with the principle of stiffness decomposition, the total stiffness can be decomposed into the bending stiffness and shear stiffness. Displacement and stress response related to bending stiffness was calculated with the laminated shell element. Displacement and stress response due to shear was calculated by use of a computational code write by FORTRAN language. Then the total displacement and stress response for the SPS was obtained by adding together these two parts of total displacement and stress. Finally, a rectangular SPS plate and a double-bottom structure were used for a simulation. The results show that the deflection simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is larger than the same simulated by solid elements and the analytical solution according to Hoff theory and approximate to the same simulated by the mixture of shell-solid elements, and the stress simulated by the elements proposed in the paper is approximate to the other simulating methods. So compared with calculations based on a mixture of shell and solid elements, the numerical simulation method given in the paper is more efficient and easier to do.     

船舶推进轴系纵横耦合非线性动力学分析—叶频激励下横向主共振响应

在考虑Von Karman非线性位移—应变关系下,基于Hamilton变分原理建立了船舶推进轴系纵横耦合非线性动力学方程。利用Galerkin方法,导出系统第一阶模态振动微分方程,采用多尺度法求解该方程。获得了叶频激励下横向主共振响应方程组,利用伪弧长延拓法数值求解了该方程组的平衡解并分析了其稳定性。探讨了支承刚度、激励载荷、螺旋桨质量、阻尼比以及细长比对轴系纵横耦合效应的影响。研究表明:细长比越小,激励载荷越大,阻尼比越小,系统纵横耦合效应越强;增加后艉轴承刚度可以抑制纵横耦合效应,增加前艉轴承以及推力轴承刚度则增强纵横耦合效应,而中间轴承对其没有明显影响;与线性模型相比,纵横耦合效应使轴系横向共振时的频率大于其线性固有频率,在某些激励频率处,幅频响应曲线上存在多解使幅值出现跳跃现象。分析结果对船舶推进轴系的设计有指导意义。