中置轴式旅居车独立悬挂结构设计

针对中置轴式拖挂旅居车钢板弹簧式悬挂的不足,设计了一种用于中置轴式旅居车的独立悬挂系统.介绍了这种独立悬挂系统的优势,设计过程及应用效果.     

复合式悬架半刚性车桥的有限元分析

本文用有限元方法建立复合式悬架车桥的计算模型,经试验验证后,用于车桥横梁的应力分析。通过大量计算,对应于几种主要的载荷工况,得到了车桥横梁的应力分布规律。归纳了横梁的强度控制工况和截面。     

独立悬架-电动轮模块的双横臂悬架机构设计

四轮驱动电动汽车采用由轮毂电机、转速传感器、制动盘和双横臂悬架机构组成的结构相同的独立悬架-电动轮模块，可大幅度减少零部件种类，降低制造成本。文中按空间机构理论导出了双横臂悬架导向机构运动分析与设计的基本公式，并研制成简明实用的视窗式分析与设计系统。提出了可完全消除附加转向干涉的非转向轮双横臂悬架导向机构。将这些研究成果具体应用于国内第一台四轮驱动燃料电池微型汽车概念平台“春晖一号”和样车“春晖二号”的研制，取得了良好效果。     

Comparison of Feedforward and Feedback Control for 4WS

SUMMARY

A system incorporating feedforward plus feedback control was configured such that it would follow the target yaw rate found by calculation. Selection of optimum values for the control system constants made it possible to separate control of the steering input response characteristic from control of vehicle stability against external disturbances. The former is controlled by the feedforward control function and the latter by the feedback control function; the values of the two functions can be set independently.     

独立悬架汽车摆振的研究

以标致５０５ＳＬ轿车为研究对象，采用分析力学的方法，建立了前悬架为独立悬架的汽车转向轮摆振数学模型。通过对摆振系统特征的分析，确定了影响摆振的主要振动模态，得独立悬架汽车特有的摆振振型，并通过道路试验证实了研究结果的正确性。     

Additional 4WS and Driver Interaction

SUMMARY

This investigation is based on a complex 4-wheel vehicle model of a passenger car that includes steering system and drive train. The tyre properties are described for all possible combined longitudinal and lateral slip values and for arbitrary friction conditions. The active part is an additional steering system of all 4 wheels, additionally to the driver's steering wheel angle input. Three control levels are used for the driver model that thereby can follow a given trajectory or avoid an obstacle.

The feedback control of the additional 4 wheel steering is based on an observer which can also have adaptive characteristics. Moreover a virtual vehicle model in a feedforward scheme can provide desired steering characteristics.

To get information for critical situations a cornering manoeuvre with sudden u-split conditions is simulated. Further a similar manoeuvre is used to evaluate the reentry in a high friction area from low friction conditions. And finally the performance of the controller is shown in a severe lane change manoeuvre.     

Comparison of Feedforward and Feedback Control for 4WS

A system incorporating feedforward plus feedback control was configured such that it would follow the target yaw rate found by calculation. Selection of optimum values for the control system constants made it possible to separate control of the steering input response characteristic from control of vehicle stability against external disturbances. The former is controlled by the feedforward control function and the latter by the feedback control function; the values of the two functions can be set independently.     

Additional 4WS and Driver Interaction

This investigation is based on a complex 4-wheel vehicle model of a passenger car that includes steering system and drive train. The tyre properties are described for all possible combined longitudinal and lateral slip values and for arbitrary friction conditions. The active part is an additional steering system of all 4 wheels, additionally to the driver's steering wheel angle input. Three control levels are used for the driver model that thereby can follow a given trajectory or avoid an obstacle.

The feedback control of the additional 4 wheel steering is based on an observer which can also have adaptive characteristics. Moreover a virtual vehicle model in a feedforward scheme can provide desired steering characteristics.

To get information for critical situations a cornering manoeuvre with sudden u-split conditions is simulated. Further a similar manoeuvre is used to evaluate the reentry in a high friction area from low friction conditions. And finally the performance of the controller is shown in a severe lane change manoeuvre.     

扭转梁后桥悬架臂与加强板之间的焊缝状态对后桥疲劳寿命的影响研究

<正>扭转梁后桥因其结构简单、成本较低并能满足一般的汽车动力学、运动学要求而在中低级轿车上广泛运用。但是,由于扭转梁后桥既要保证足够的强度,来承受后轴的各种载荷,同时又要能提供合适的扭转刚度,来保证整车的侧倾刚度,导致扭转梁后桥的受力比     

半拖臂独立悬架的设计计算

对半拖臂独立悬架进行了全面的研究,并建立了实用的计算方法,指出了设计要点。     

电动轿车独立转向轮悬架设计

设计了一种四轮独立转向、独立驱动的电动轿车独立悬架,该悬架采用双横臂、扭杆弹簧结构.将导向机构简化为几何模型,根据该几何模型在ADAMS软件中建立参数化模型,以车轮定位参数及汽车侧倾中心为评价目标,对悬架导向机构进行了优化设计,制造出的样机符合设计要求.提出了悬架扭杆弹簧的设计方法,并验证了其合理性.     

单桥复合悬架橡胶空心弹簧刚度分析和参数优化

建立了单桥复合悬架橡胶空心弹簧的参数化有限元模型,采用显示积分求解方法对其垂向非线性刚度进行了分析,并进行了试验验证.通过分析空心弹簧结构参数对垂向变形量灵敏度的影响,确定了敏感设计变量.以理想刚度特性曲线为优化目标,实现了橡胶空心弹簧结构参数的优化设计.     

客车独立悬架BTIS75的设计开发

介绍并分析客车独立悬架BTIS75的总体开发思路、产品结构和技术性能。     

四轮独立驱动与转向试验车悬架系统设计

采用四轮独立驱动与线控转向的试验车悬架系统和传统汽车有较大的差别。文章在详尽分析独立驱动与线控转向试验车特点后,确定了悬架系统的方案并对所设计悬架系统参数进行设计计算。应用CATIA软件进行三维建模;最后应用ANSYS软件对悬架系统中主要零件立柱进行了有限元分析。     

五连杆后悬架的后轴变形效应与转向随动性关系研究

针对某SUV转向随动性不足问题,利用后轴变形转向效应对该车五连杆后悬架上摆臂重新布置,并在ADAMS中建立了后悬架运动学模型及整车动力学模型。通过对转向盘转角阶跃输入、脉冲输入的仿真结果分析和对原车按新方案改进后进行的操纵稳定性主观试验验证表明,新方案较好地解决了转向随动性问题,减少了特殊工况时后轮侧滑及甩尾的危险性。     

四桥独立悬架车辆越障性能计算研究

通过建立四桥独立悬架车辆越障高度动力学模型,分析影响8×8全独立悬架车辆越障性能的主要参数。进行了实例计算与试验研究,模型计算值与试验值相一致。表明该模型能预测车辆越障高度,具有工程应用价值,且获得影响其性能的主要参数。     

自锚式悬索桥空间缆索分析与计算

对空间索面自锚式悬索桥主缆的受力特点进行理论分析。以天津富民海河大桥为例,验证了分析方法与计算方法的可靠性。采用空间模型,通过两个计算步骤对空间缆索悬索桥成桥状态和空缆状态主缆线形进行分析,首先是简化的索体系分析,得出主缆的初始几何形状和主缆水平张力;然后再进行精确分析,利用简化计算得出的结果进行迭代计算,直至收敛。通过缆索受力计算和分析,为今后设计、修建自锚式悬索桥提供一定的计算和分析方法。     

Robustness to Speed of 4WS Vehicles for Yaw and Lateral Dynamics

This paper addresses the issue of robustness and closed loop performance of four wheel steering (4WS) vehicles for yaw and lateral maneuvers for fixed and non-fixed speeds. A feedback structure derived from the plant inverse dynamic, such that the vehicle 2×2 matrix transfer function is robust to speed, is proposed. The efficiency of the proposed structure depends on the actuator's bandwidth and non-linearities, and on the sensor delay. A design example which shows how to implement the proposed algorithm in highly uncertain vehicles, subject to actuator bandwidth limitations and sensor delay, is provided.     

Development and Evaluation of Vehicle Simulation Models for a 4WS Application

SUMMARY

In the scope of the European Prometheus project a passenger car with active rear wheel steering was developed by TNO in cooperation with PSA. During development and engineering of the rear wheel steering system simulation tools have been used to reduce development costs. This paper describes the evaluation of different simulation models, from simple to complex, with results of full vehicle driving tests. The optimal balance for model complexity and accuracy was achieved with a 2-dimensional model with an added roll degree of freedom. The results show that validation using time responses can give ambiguous and inaccurate results, and that frequency response functions are much more usable in validation.