快速公交系统碳减排计算研究

发展低碳交通是我国节能减排的重要措施之一。快速公交系统不仅能够缓解城市交通拥堵,还可以降低我国温室气体排放。文章以快速公交系统为研究对象,以西北地区某城市BRT项目为例,运用CDM方法学对快速公交系统的碳减排量进行了详细的计算,结果显示该项目的年均减排量为13 145吨CO2,并分析出该项目主要的碳减排影响因素为车用燃料类型,最后建议在发展BRT项目时更多地考虑气电混合动力车和纯电动汽车。     

城市准快速公交系统的经济优势

<正> 一、慎重考虑修建地铁问题 据有关部门资料,全国35个百万人口以上的大城市中有20个选择建地铁,这些城市到“十五”期末的建设总量约为450公里左右,按每公里造价5亿元计算,所需建设资金高达2250亿元。如此高额的建设资金对刚刚踏入小康的我国而言,不能不说是沉重的负担;更何     

济南快速公交系统提上议事日程

11月27日，一场关于城市快速公交系统的专家讲座在济南举行，主讲人是来自台湾等地的3位专家。听众则是市建委、规划局、交通局等部门的主要负责人。这场讲座透露出的一个信号是，济南的城市快速公交系统建设已经提上议事日程。     

快速公交系统（BRT）规划模式分类研究

文章通过汇总已建的城市快速公交系统的数据,从投入成本和预期达到的客运量两方面因素入手,将快速公交规划模式分为库里提巴模式、波哥大模式、鲁昂模式及厦门模式,并对这四种模式的特征及具体内容进行了详细阐述,为城市快速公交系统规划提供理论依据。     

武汉市建设智能公交系统的建设思路

城市交通问题是世界大城市发展过程中普遍存在的问题。公共交通具有载客量大、运送效率高、能源消耗低、相对污染小和运输成本低、人均占用道路面积少等优点,是解决大城市交通拥挤问题的最佳方式。但是,传统的公交车辆运营管理不仅工作量大、容易出错,而且无法实时监控公交车辆的情况,导致公交车辆运营效率低、服务质量差等问题。解决这一问题的最好办法就是建立智能公交系统。所谓的智能公共交通系统就是在公交网络规划、公交调度等基础理论研究的前提下,通过集成现代通信、信息、电子控制、计算机、网络、GPS、GIS等高新科技,建立智能…     

快速公交系统实施绩效的评估研究

快速公交系统(Bus Rapid Transit,简称BRT)是落实"公交优先"发展战略的重要措施,我国已在21个城市开通运营。BRT作为政府财政投入的公共交通事业项目,需要建立绩效评价、比较和相应的政策反馈机制,以更好地实现对"公交优先"战略中公共财政投入效果的评价和监管。本文从硬件设施水平、公交服务质量、企业经营效益、城市持续发展四个层面,构建了快速公交系统实施绩效的评价指标体系,用于对BRT运营绩效评价,做到及时追踪和动态监控,及时反馈与纠错,以保障BRT项目实施的公共利益。     

大城市发展高档快速公交的探讨

随着居民生活水平的提高，原有的公交消费群体开始出现了细分，一部分人对出行时间和舒适度提出了更高的要求，如何满足不同层次消费者需求已成为公交公司和行业管理部门必须考虑的问题。在此背景下，发展和建设时效性、经济性和舒适性介于出租车和传统普通公共汽车之间，类似地铁运行模式的城市快速高档公共汽车(以下简称“快速公交”)，是比较切实可行的。     

快速公交智能系统框架结构研究

<正>在世界诸多城市建设快速公交系统的大力影响和我国相关政策的有力推动下,国内交通界和各大城市开始把快速公交系统(BRT)推到了缓解城市交通     

BRT开创城市交通畅流时代?

推广紧迫 按照国际流行的城市道路管理理念,城市的道路资源不应该是按车分配的,而是按照车辆运载的"人"来分配的,哪种车辆运载的人多,那它就应该享受更多的道路资源.在经济发达国家城市中,公共交通承担市民出行量的60%至80%,少的也有50%,而目前北京市只有24%,同时,小汽车出行的比例在增加,包括出租车在内,已达到31.2%,超过公交所占的出行比例.     

"BRT之父"中国说法

2005年4月16日,在位于上海市虹桥路的世博大酒店前,展示出两个独特的巴士底盘和一个巴士车站模型,许多人饶有兴趣地参观和讨论,一位强壮的巴西人和几位高大魁梧的德国人也在人群中与大家交流着.虽然来这里参加会议的中国人大多知道这是巴士快速交通系统模型,但很少有人认识这个巴西人就是"巴士快速交通之父"--杰米·勒纳,他在担任库里蒂巴3届市长期间,与沃尔沃公司合作创造了巴士快速交通系统.     

基于拉姆塞模型快速公交的定价研究

本文归纳了影响公共交通票价制定的主要因素,分析了公共交通定价原理,基于拉姆塞定价模型,结合拥挤定价理论,提出了制定最优合理的公共交通票价的方法。并结合实例进行了测算。本文为快速公交的运营初期以及早晚高峰期客流量相差较大时的合理票价之制定提供参考。     

绘就中国BRT图谱

如同物流、ITS等舶来语一样,"巴士快速交通系统"(BRT,也称快速公交系统)来到中国后,也面临着释义各异的问题. 美国联邦公共交通管理局曾将它定义为"提供轨道交通服务质量和巴士运营灵活性的一种快速交通方式".     

Capitalization of BRT network expansions effects into prices of non-expansion areas

A before and after hedonic model is used to determine the property value impacts on properties already served by the transit system caused by extensions to Bogotá’s bus rapid transit system. Asking prices of residential properties belonging to an intervention area (N = 1407 before, 1570 after) or a control area (N = 267 before, 732 after) and offered for sale between 2001 and 2006 are used to determine capitalization of the enhanced regional access provided by the extension. Properties offered during the year the extension was inaugurated and in subsequent years have asking prices that are between 13% and 14% higher than prices for properties in the control area, after adjusting for structural, neighborhood and regional accessibility characteristics of each property. Furthermore, the appreciation is similar for properties within 500 m and properties between 500 m and 1 km of the BRT.     

Modeling intermodal equilibrium for bimodal transportation system design problems in a linear monocentric city

This paper investigates the intermodal equilibrium, road toll pricing, and bus system design issues in a congested highway corridor with two alternative modes - auto and bus - which share the same roadway along this corridor. On the basis of an in-depth analysis of the demand and supply sides of the bimodal transportation system, the mode choice equilibrium of travelers along the continuum corridor is first presented and formulated as an equivalent variational inequality problem. The solution properties of the bimodal continuum equilibrium formulation are analytically explored. Two models, which account for different infrastructure/system regulatory regimes (public and private), are then proposed. In the public regulatory model, the road toll location and charge level are simultaneously optimized together with the bus service fare and frequency. In the private regulatory model, the fare and frequency of bus services, which are operated by a profit-driven private operator, are optimized for exogenously given toll pricing schemes. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the application of the proposed models. Sensitivity analysis of residential/household distribution along the corridor is carried out together with a comparison of four different toll pricing schemes (no toll, first best, distance based, and location based). Insightful findings are reported on the interrelationships among modal competition, market regulatory regimes, toll pricing schemes, and urban configurations as well as their implications in practice.     

Intermodal exchange stations in the city of Madrid

The City of Madrid is putting into operation Intermodal Exchange Stations (IESs) to make connections between urban and suburban transportation modes easier for users of public transportation. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the actual effects that the implementation of IESs in the City of Madrid has on the affected stakeholders: users, public transportation operators, infrastructure managers, the government, the abutters and other citizens. We develop a methodology intended to help assess the welfare gains and losses for each stakeholder. Then we apply this methodology to the case study of the Avenida de América IES in the city of Madrid. We found that it is indeed possible to arrive at win?Cwin solutions for the funding of urban transportation infrastructure, as long as the cost-benefit ratio of the project is high enough. Commuters save travel time. Bus companies diminish their costs of operation. The abutters gain in quality of life. The private operator of the infrastructure makes a fair profit. And the government is able to promote these infrastructure facilities without spending more of its scarce budgetary resources.     

Environmental noise inequity in the city of Barcelona

Environmental noise is a growing concern for urban planners and public health experts. Continuous noise exposure has implications for people’s physical and mental health. Urban planning strategies are also involved in the need for regular noise assessments within urban areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate the exposure to noise of vulnerable population groups in the city of Barcelona, and to determine whether they are affected by an environmental inequity regarding this nuisance. Assessment of noise levels was performed by two methods of analysis—real measures and simulation—in order to build the noise database at block level for the 10 districts of the city. The results obtained by various statistical tests and spatial regression analysis show that children and low-income individuals are not affected by environmental inequity. On the other hand, we found a positive relationship between noise levels and the other groups considered: namely, the unemployed and people over age 65.