MOD中一种基于路网的新型模型

移动对象数据库对大量移动对象的位置信息进行管理,能够支持传统数据库不能进行的时空查询,考虑到大多数移动对象的运动都固定在已知的路线当中,基于公路网的移动对象数据模型通过对公路网拓扑图的数字化转换,能够对移动对象进行有效的管理,采用实时平均法反映每条线路的动态运行情况,对移动对象未来位置进行精确预测。     

Part 3. Multivariate road safety models: Future research orientations and current use to forecast performance

The third part of the state-of-the-art focuses on the future of road safety modeling and on conjectures concerning the evolution of national safety indicators. In the absence of econometric developments specific to road safety modeling, the research future must rely on pre-existing statistical procedures of econometrics applied to discrete/count and to aggregate data. In terms of contents, growing interest in the heterogeneity of road accident outcomes by category of victims could lead to treatments of this issue across research streams, say by top-down and bottom-up developments, but this speculation does not rest on extant adequate formulations of the issue of road user class and victim analysis. But understanding the time profile of aggregate national performance indicators is quite another matter.     

港区道路管理信号系统设计

随着港口大型化的发展,各港口的道路信号系统落后是普遍问题。本文分析了港口道路信号控制需求,提出了适用于港口的道路信号系统的系统目标和分级控制结构,并具体地界定了系统管理平台功能和信号控制机功能,最后以天津港为例介绍了港区主干路协调控制的设计方法。     

山区公路路侧护栏在不同碰撞角度下的结构分析与改善对策

山区公路由于地形、环境以及投资等具体条件影响,其路侧安全设计尤为重要,为保证车辆的行驶安全,对路侧护栏需进行结构安全分析与评价。针对山区公路的波形梁护栏采用AN-SYS软件,对护栏在不同角度的撞击荷载作用下的反力、应力及位移情况进行分析,得到不同的撞击角度下护栏的应力、弯矩和位移的变化规律。当碰撞角度大于30°时,护栏结构所受内力及位移变形较大,针对这一角度进行护栏的安全性能改善。     

碾压混凝土在我国道路建设中的意义及工程应用

道路碾压混凝土是一种新型筑路材料，有助于缓解当前我国建设需求与建设资金、资源等矛盾。在介绍道路碾压混凝土及国外应用动态的基础上，论述碾压混凝土在我国道路建设中的重要意义；通过对近年来我国道路碾压混凝土典型工程实例的分析，探讨碾压混凝土在我国道路面层、基层、路基工程中的应用。     

荷麻溪大桥主桥主要结构参数研究

以江珠高速公路上的一座单索面部分斜拉桥——荷麻溪大桥主桥为例，通过调整其塔高和塔旁、跨中无索区长度等主要结构参数，研究各结构参数对主梁受力及位移的影响，并分析荷麻溪大桥主桥的合理塔高。     

“虚拟起算点法”计算复曲线匝道立交桥线位数据

结合苏嘉杭高速公路苏州北互通立交桥的线位计算及施工放线测量,介绍互通式立交匝道曲线线位数据的计算方法,尤其对于复曲线采用＂虚拟起算点法＂计算其线位数据。结果表明：该方法计算线位数据的准确性和可应用性补充了教材和专业书缺乏对复曲线线位数据计算公式的空白。     

水口电站坝下工程下引航道水流条件治理分析

水口坝下水位治理工程是无闸低坝枢纽,不能控制洪水、调节泄流位置,无论上游来流量高低,对下游引航道通航条件的影响均较大,本文针对其水流运动特点和泥沙淤积问题,利用水力学原理与泥沙运动理论,创建了隔离水流、切断泥沙流路的技术方法,通过增设隔流墙、拦沙底坎和优化靠船墩布置等工程措施,较好地改变引航道内的水流条件,有效地阻止了泥沙淤积。模型试验结果显示引航道内的水深、流速等通航指标均能满足规范要求,文章提出的方法可供类似工程参考。     

管道输沙两层流动模型分界面位置的确定

在重力作用下,泥沙沿输送管道横截面的分布呈现上层稀疏下层浓密的特点。据此可将整个流动简化为具有不同平均速度和平均浓度的两层流动。以中沙在直径为150 mm管道上的实测流动为例,用迭代方法确定了两层流动的分界面位置,结果表明两层流动模型能够刻画泥沙在管道中流动的主要特征和内部结构。     

Economic impact of non-motorized transportation in Indian cities

Lack of a clear understanding regarding the economic impacts of non-motorized modes is a major reason why they are excluded from the transportation development agenda of cities in India. Keeping this aspect in mind the present study has been divided in to two parts. The first part tries to understand the non-motorized traffic evolution in India. It focuses on the declination of non-motorized modes, necessity to revamp it, the favorable conditions to promote them in India and the relative problems associated with it. It is found here that there is a necessity for defining the role of non-motorized modes in India for the viable implementation of infrastructure and policies related with it.     

洋山港及邻近海域悬沙输运特征研究*

基于SWEM2D数值模型,建立了一个范围包括洋山港、长江口及杭州湾的二维水流泥沙数学模型。根据2004年5月洋山港实测水文泥沙资料,认为洋山港区域悬沙垂向切变输运较小,可忽略该项对悬沙输运的影响,采用二维泥沙数学模型能基本反映出该区域悬沙输运特点。利用2004年5月洋山港及邻近海域实测水文泥沙资料对模型计算结果进行验证,验证结果表明模型计算结果与实际情况吻合良好。在此基础上,根据模型计算结果计算了洋山港及邻近海域大、中、小潮期间悬沙输运速度。结果表明,洋山港区域悬沙主要以欧拉输运为主,斯托克斯漂移、潮泵输运为辅。该区域西口门高含沙量主要是受到长江口及杭州湾悬沙输运富集的影响。其邻近海域主要的悬沙输运在近南汇边滩以东区域分成两股,一股向北,一股沿着南汇南岸的水下泥沙通道,径直流向杭州湾,并在杭州湾的悬沙输运的带动下,向洋山港流去。     

内河船员航线考试数字化评估系统的研究和实现

文章分析了内河船员航线考试方式的优缺点,解析船舶定线制的实施给考试评估工作带来的新要求,提出内河船员航线考试评估的新思路,介绍了数字化评估系统的主要设计和技术实现。     

Overview of public transport policy developments in South Africa

Public transport in South Africa is one of the most burning issues in the transport sector. The government is faced with huge public pressure to improve public transport systems in the face of rising fuel costs, the pending implementation of expensive urban toll road systems in the Gauteng province, and elsewhere in urban environments, public transport safety issues, public transport fleet renewal, especially the commuter rail services, as well as limited resources to fund public transport. As a developing country, the South African Government has pressing funding issues such as funds needed to improve housing for the poor to improve schooling and public health services. Government is also faced with a vocal minibus taxi industry that transports an estimated 65% of all commuters in the country that is also insisting on subsidies for its services.     

在长江干线流域建设航运物流公共信息平台的构想

在研究长江航运物流及其所面临问题的基础上,提出在长江干线流域建设航运物流公共信息平台的构想,分别从系统逻辑结构设计、功能结构设计、数据结构设计等方面展开论述,并结合长江航运物流的特点,提出与之相适应的平台建设和发展思路.     

城市道路设施规划方案综合评估方法探讨

以广州市番禺区新市桥大桥为例,采用优缺点定性对比、交通适应性分析和综合量化评估相结合的综合评价法,从土地开发、节约用地、环境景观、设施造价、交通管理、交通通达性等方面综合评价城市道路设施规划方案的优劣,寻求优选最佳方案的办法。     

河口挡潮闸闸下低潮缺失水位修正方法

河口挡潮闸闸下低潮水位资料周期性缺失可能导致闸下潮汐调和分析结果出现偏差,从而直接影响到闸下水位过程的预报精度。针对这一问题,提出了一种闸下低潮缺失水位的修正方法,利用潮汐过程曲线的对称性对低潮缺失水位资料进行初步修正,然后根据调和分析自报结果对修正数据进行迭代更新,直至潮汐调和常数不再变化。验证结果表明,该方法可有效提高闸下水位过程的自报精度,其成果在2014年宁波高背浦闸闸下测站的潮汐预报中得到了良好应用。     

指挥系统数据集成技术研究

随着技术的发展,舰载指挥系统中将存在越来越多的数据,这些数据具有分散、异构等特征,这些数据的统一管理成为指挥员有效使用数据的关键。文章在研究了目前的数据集成技术的基础之上,提出了一套舰载指挥系统数据集成方法,为指战员的统一管理数据创造了条件。     

Workshop report - Public transport markets in development

Developing countries and countries in transition represent between 85% and 90% of the world’s population and face unique public transport challenges that are not necessarily present in developed countries. Issues such as the affordability and accessibility of public transport, funding support and capacity to implement are some of the challenges these countries face. Barriers to strategy implementation in these countries could be a failure to understand the broader business and social environment, poor leadership, a lack of inter-disciplinary and inter-implementer collaboration, and weak monitoring and feedback loops. Weak institutional frameworks are evidenced in inappropriate structures often resulting in institutional inertia and conflict. Over-promising of potential impacts and benefits together with a failure to develop sustainable funding mechanisms often lead to a lack of implementation. The workshop argued that different competition and ownership solutions are needed for a range of factors. This poses a challenge to the THREDBO community as it could mean that the traditional concepts are either not relevant or not usable in the majority of the world’s developing countries, or that the traditional approaches are relevant in many respects but need to be substantially extended and adapted to be applicable and usable in the rest of the world.     

从一则典型案例看无单放货

按照提单的国际惯例,承运人或其代理人须以正本提单方能放货,藉以保证提单合法持有人的利益。笔者就无单放货的历史渊源、产生原因、法律责任和应对方法几个方面结合近期的几个典型案例进行剖析,并希望通过此文能够加深航运从业人员对无单放货的理解和足够的重视。     

波浪作用下沙波的运动速度和沙波床面的底沙输移

根据沙波床面底沙运动特点,引用二阶Stokes波浪理论,推导出波浪作用下沙波运行速度计算公式,并给出沙波床面上底沙输移的计算公式.公式计算结果与水槽试验结果吻合很好.