Parallel computing with domain decomposition for the vehicle crashworthiness simulation

The research presented in the paper deals with explicit nonlinear finite element calculation with domain decomposition for vehicle crashworthiness simulation. This is very important for vehicle design. Parallel computing is an efficient solution method to speedup and enhance the solving ability of large-scale numerical simulation. In this paper, a cost-effective domain decomposition method based on contact balance is presented, and the algorithm flowchart including contact computing is provided, and the parallel computing process and communication overhead are analyzed. Furthermore, scalability of the parallel computing method on different hardware platforms, the SGI Onyx 3800 and the ShenWei cluster, is studied. Finally, the effect of different domain decomposition strategy on vehicle crashworthiness simulation computing efficiency is presented. To end users, the research results should provide a reference for vehicle design and choosing appropriate hardware platform and computing software.     

汽车结构耐撞性设计与优化研究综述

汽车的碰撞安全问题是汽车行业一直重点关注的问题之一,开展汽车结构的耐撞性设计已成为提升车辆碰撞安全性的重要手段。文章对国内外汽车结构耐撞性设计与优化的研究成果进行回顾与总结,鉴于碰撞过程的强非线性与众多设计准则相互耦合等特性,重点对近似多目标耐撞性优化方法及其应用进行综述,并分析存在的问题和进一步深入研究的方向。     

基于RCAR试验的汽车低速碰撞性能设计

介绍了RCAR低速碰撞试验与评价方法,RCAR碰撞结果对车辆保险费用的影响以及车辆低速碰撞性能设计的思路和方法,并以长城某轿车为例,利用仿真方法,从碰撞能量计算、吸能弹簧单元和吸能盒结构设计等方面具体阐述了车辆低速碰撞性能设计过程.     

基于Kriging模型的车身耐撞性优化设计

采用最优拉丁方法进行试验设计,基于Kriging模型建立汽车耐撞性评价指标的替代模型,然后利用替代模型建立耐撞性优化的数学模型并进行耐撞性优化。结果表明,基于Kriging的替代模型的拟合精度较高,采用该模型进行的优化可提高汽车的耐撞性。     

应用有限元法研究车架结构的耐撞性

本文应用有限地对车辆正面碰撞过程中车架结构的大变形过程进行了计算机模拟。文中介绍了非线性有限元分析的基本方程，运用微机版ＤＹＮＡ３Ｄ软件，在合理简化的基础上，建立了车呆结构的有限元模型，通过计算机模拟，预测了车辆正碰过程中车架的变形位置和变形形式。针对存在的问题，对车架结构进行了改进设计。实车碰撞试验表明：改进后，车架结构的耐撞性有明显提高。     

轿车B柱的优化及对侧面碰撞安全性的影响

应用计算机仿真技术对国产某小型轿车的侧面碰撞吸能部件B柱进行了碰撞仿真,并对其进行了有限元结构优化计算分析与研究。由改进前后的整车侧面碰撞仿真计算结果对比表明,部件的碰撞仿真设计是确保设计车辆具有良好碰撞性能的一种重要的方法和手段,应用有限元法进行结构优化设计是一种有效的方法。     

基于MPC555的混合动力电动汽车整车控制器硬件系统设计

介绍了一种基于32位MPC555微控制器的并联式混合动力电动汽车整车控制器(HCu)硬件系统的设计。阐述了几个重要模块的电路原理和系统的电磁兼容性设计方法。给出了利用硬件在环仿真测试和发动机台架试验进行硬件系统功能验证的结果。试验证明,所开发的HCU工作可靠、能够实现目标控制功能。     

Comparison of the optimum designs of center pillar assembly of an auto-body between conventional steel and ahss with a simplified side impact analysis

This study compares the optimum designs of center pillar assembly with advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) to that of conventional steel for crashworthiness and weight reduction in side impacts. A simplified side impact analysis method was used to simulate the crash behavior of the center pillar assembly with efficient computing time. Thickness optimization aims to perform an S-shaped deformation of the center pillar toward the cabin to reduce the injury level of a driver in a crash test. Center pillar members were regarded as an assembly of parts that are fabricated with tailor-welded blanks, and the thickness of each part was selected as a design variable. The thickness variables of parts that have significant effects on the deformation mechanism were extracted as the main design variables for thickness optimization based on the results of a sensitivity analysis with design of experiments. The optimization condition was constructed to induce an S-shaped deformation mode and reduce the weight of the center pillar assembly. An optimum design was obtained after several iterations with response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization was first performed with conventional steel and then with AHSS with the same procedure to optimize the crashworthiness of the center pillar assembly. After thickness optimization, optimum designs were applied to the full vehicle analysis to evaluate the validity of the optimization scheme with the simplified side impact analysis method. Then, the crashworthiness of optimum designs with conventional steel and AHSS were compared using the full vehicle analysis. This comparison demonstrates that AHSS can be more effectively utilized than conventional steel to obtain a lightweight design of an auto-body with enhanced crashworthiness.     

基于参数化白车身的前纵梁响应面优化设计

以前纵梁为研究对象,基于SFE Concept参数化白车身模型,对正面100%刚性墙碰撞下的整车耐撞性能进行数值模拟和优化设计。文中引入"分析驱动设计"的理念,综合考虑有效加速度、效率、侵入量等多个评价指标,对纵梁的截面、厚度、长度等参数进行DOE实验设计并建立数学模型,总结各设计变量对碰撞性能的影响规律,最终得到纵梁的最优化设计,提高了整车的耐碰撞性能。     

中重型卡车安全气囊开发研究和相关探讨

中国中重型卡车在安全气囊开发方面存在的问题中重型卡车按照驾驶室种类分为长头卡车和平头卡车,在20世纪90年代之前,中国的中重型卡车主要为长头卡车,随着时间的推移,平头卡车逐渐成为主流,目前所占比例能够达到98%。随着卡车技术的发展,为了减少卡车碰撞事故中的伤亡率,很多公司都计划在卡车上安装安全气囊,在产品和技术上与国际接轨。在汉诺威车展上,奔驰(图1)、沃尔沃(图2)、曼等品牌的卡车     

车身钣件材料对正面偏置碰撞安全性的影响

采用正交试验方法分析车身钣件材料变更对汽车正面偏置碰撞的安全性的影响程度。建立了某车的正面偏置碰撞模型,提出了对偏撞安全性的评价指标,对多个不同钣件材料更换组合进行了仿真分析。最终得出了各钣件材料变更对各个评价指标的影响程度和排序。     

轿车改进车型的正面碰撞仿真模拟研究

汽车制造厂会根据市场需求对现有车型进行改进。改进车型的开发周期一般比较短,通过CAE模拟可以在短时间内完成。本文以奇瑞公司某款车型的改进为例,介绍了针对汽车正面碰撞性能的设计,建立LS-DYNA的有限元模型模拟车辆正面碰撞刚性墙,优化车辆前部结构,将LS-DYNA运算输出的车体加速度作为MADYMO的输入条件,分析对比乘员保护效果,保证了原有安全气囊与改进后车型的匹配性。     

Diesel hybrid electric vehicle hardware system

A controller for a diesel hybrid electric vehicle based on a V-cycle development approach is investigated in this paper. The hardware and infra program of the Hybrid Control Unit (HCU) are discussed in detail. The hardware system is designed based on circuit simulation; while the infra system is written with assemble language. Time sharing mode, buffer sharing mode and multi-task schedule method are used to ensure real-time communication in the infra program design. Based on multi-thread technology, hardware in loop test system is also designed. The hardware in loop and bench tests show that the controller could meet the requirements of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and communicate in real-time. Circuit simulation, HCU, infra program and hardware in loop test form the effective V-cycle development platform to design a hardware system for a diesel HEV controller.     

汽车偏置碰撞安全性结构改进

应用Hypermesh和Pam-Crash软件建立整车有限元模型,按照C-NCAP试验要求分别进行整车正面碰撞和40%偏置碰撞仿真。通过仿真结果与试验结果B柱加速度曲线的对比分析,验证整车模型的正确性和可靠性,同时根据仿真结果评估车身结构偏置碰撞安全性能,对结构进行改进。改进后整车偏置碰撞性能得以提升。     

混合动力汽车整车控制器硬件电路与CAN总线通信的设计开发

设计开发了一种基于CAN总线的并联式混合动力整车控制器,包括硬件的模块化设计、底层驱动软件设计及CAN总线的应用。混合动力总成硬件在环仿真试验表明,该控制器功能强大、性能可靠,准确实现了并联式混合动力汽车的整车控制功能。     

乘用车追尾碰撞仿真研究

按照我国乘用车追尾碰撞燃油系统安全法规,针对某款乘用车建立有限元模型,并进行追尾碰撞仿真研究,分析验证其燃油系统的安全性。仿真结果为今后的汽车追尾碰撞仿真及尾部耐撞性研究提供了借鉴。     

轿车车身结构侧向耐撞性的有限元分析

以国内某新型轿车为对象,基于有限元分析方法,系统地研究了侧面碰撞的整车建模技术、移动壁障建模技术、仿真计算方法和结构耐撞性分析方法。实验结果验证了整车模型的有效性。侧向耐撞性分析以结构变形响应特性为主,包括结构变形能、变形量、变形速度等,运用碰撞响应时序图综合分析了碰撞力、假人损伤和结构变形等多项响应之间的相互关系。总结形成一套适合于轿车侧向耐撞性分析与设计验证的CAE技术流程。     

Crashworthiness of chromium plated plastic radiator grille

The use of plastic in vehicle development has increased. In particular, a design trend has resulted in chromiumplated plastics being used in exterior panels. Recently, as the appearance has become more important in design, the plastic radiator grille has become larger, to where it can become the primary member when a front collision happens. The radiator grille should be designed with considerations of the geometric structure, such as delamination, and material characteristics, when plastics are plated with chromium. The enlarged grille has to pass regulations like FMVSS Part 581. Although the material property of plastic has been studied before, what seems to be lacking is study on the crashworthiness of plastic radiator grilles that are plated using chromium. In this paper, in order to evaluate the crashworthiness, tensile test and front collision analysis using finite element method are performed. Tensile test is conducted with 4 types of materials, and then material properties of chromium-plated plastics are obtained. Meanwhile radiator grille’s crashworthiness is evaluated using finite element analysis method. Analysis result is evaluated according to failure criterion. Through this study, method of the assessment of plastic radiator grille’s crashworthiness considered material properties of chromium plated plastics is proposed, and it can be predicted the delamination and the failure point of radiator grille at the design step.     

Accumulated tolerance analysis of suspension by geometric tolerances based on multibody elasto-kinematic analysis

Tolerance design of vehicle suspension is an important factor that affects the ride and handling quality and cost of the vehicle. Also, applying geometric tolerance to an analysis model is found to be a difficult process. This paper presents a method for tolerance analysis of wheel alignment of vehicle suspension. Monte-Carlo simulation method is applied to multibody elasto-kinematic model to analyze the accumulated geometric tolerances. As an example, Macpherson Strut Type front half car model is used, and wheel alignment dispersion and contribution ratio to the dispersion by accumulated geometric tolerances is computed. This paper also presents an efficient modeling and analysis method for elasto-kinematic model of vehicle suspensions by computing the stiffness matrix analytically. The simulation results of a Macpherson Strut Type demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.     

基于MATLAB/SimuLink平台的整车控制器设计

介绍了一种基于MATLAB/SimuLink平台的新能源汽车用整车控制器的软硬件设计。阐述了基于MATLAB的模型设计及嵌入式实现流程、整车控制器硬件系统的设计、MPC555的BooLoder技术及MATLAB平台下对MPC555目标参数设置。介绍了整个基于MATLAB/SimuLink平台整车控制器的软硬件设计过程。