加装来流侧分隔板的圆柱绕流三维数值模拟研究

基于Open FOAM开源平台,采用基于剪切应力运输的分离涡模拟,即SST-DDES方法,对不可压缩粘性流体的三维圆柱绕流问题进行了数值模拟。在此基础上,对长径比为π的圆柱加装位于来流侧的刚性分隔板。分隔板流向长度范围为0.5～2.0倍圆柱直径,厚度为0.078倍圆柱直径。在雷诺数Re=3 900情况下,进一步对加装来流侧分隔板的圆柱三维绕流情况进行数值模拟。由于涡旋结构在刚性分流板两侧沿表面向圆柱前壁移动,改变了圆柱的来流条件及圆柱表面压力的分布,基于数值模拟结果,分析其旋涡脱落周期、升阻力系数及圆周压力曲线,以讨论相比于裸圆柱情况,分析不同长度的来流侧分隔板在该雷诺数下对圆柱绕流流场的影响,并分析分隔板影响圆柱绕流流场的相关机理。     

海上平台支撑柱绕流特性的大涡模拟分析

海上平台是开采海洋资源的关键建筑,而支撑柱在平台中起着至关重要的作用。本文建立在海水作用下支撑柱做单圆柱绕流、串列双圆柱绕流和并列双圆柱绕流的二维流场模型,运用大涡模拟方法,对这3种模型进行数值模拟,得出其瞬时流场速度云图和圆柱受力特性曲线图。模拟计算层流和湍流情况下的圆柱绕流,通过模拟结果分析流场、升力系数和阻力系数的变化规律。     

海上平台支撑柱绕流特性的大涡模拟分析

海上平台是开采海洋资源的关键建筑,而支撑柱在平台中起着至关重要的作用。本文建立在海水作用下支撑柱做单圆柱绕流、串列双圆柱绕流和并列双圆柱绕流的二维流场模型,运用大涡模拟方法,对这3种模型进行数值模拟,得出其瞬时流场速度云图和圆柱受力特性曲线图。模拟计算层流和湍流情况下的圆柱绕流,通过模拟结果分析流场、升力系数和阻力系数的变化规律。     

旋转圆柱绕流的流场特性

在亚临界区Re=1.4×105条件下,基于大涡模拟（LES）方法对均匀来流作用下的旋转圆柱绕流进行了数值模拟。通过与非旋转时的实验和计算结果比较,验证了文中计算的准确性。在此基础上,对不同转速条件下（0≤α≤2,α为圆周线速度与自由来流速度的比值）的圆柱绕流进行了数值研究。结果表明,圆柱旋转可以有效地抑制其旋涡脱落,随着转速的增加,可大幅提高其升阻比,主要表现为阻力系数减小而升力系数线性增大。当α=2时,阻力系数和升力系数在经过短暂过渡期后达到稳定。     

两种典型截面立柱绕流特性数值模拟

为观察圆形截面和方形截面2种典型截面形式的立柱在绕流上的异同,采用Fluent对这2种截面形式的立柱进行不同折合速度和不同来流角度下的绕流数值模拟。从立柱受力、流体力轨迹曲线及涡泄模式等方面进行结果的分析和对比可知：方形立柱在绕流时流体分离点是固定的,且在相同条件下方柱的斯托哈尔数要比圆柱的小。此外,方柱绕流特性随来流角度的变化而有所变化,方柱的流体力统计值也与圆柱有较大区别,但二者的升阻力频率具有相同的关系。     

圆柱绕流研究进展及展望

圆柱绕流问题广泛存在于水利工程、建筑工程和环境工程之中。通过对前人圆柱绕流研究的成果整理和分析,将其分为解析研究、物理模型研究和数值模拟研究3个阶段,总结了单圆柱、双圆柱以及圆柱群绕流在流动形态和圆柱受力特性方面的研究进展。分析发现,现有研究主要集中于简单条件下单柱和双柱的受力特性和尾流流场结构,今后需进一步开展柱群在海洋立管、高桩码头和环境工程等复杂条件下的研究,开发尾流形态的主动控制技术。     

低雷诺数圆柱绕流的大涡模拟分析

以二维圆柱为研究对象,采用大涡模拟的方法对圆柱绕流进行数值模拟。计算的雷诺数Re=400。计算结果能够清晰地反映卡门涡街的周期性脱落。通过对圆柱表面压力分布的深入探究,揭示圆柱尾流中产生周期性旋涡脱落的原因。研究结果中的阻力、升力呈周期性变化规律以及斯特劳哈尔数(St)都与前人实验结果较好吻合,说明大涡模拟能够对低雷诺数的圆柱绕流进行准确的模拟。     

基于DES方法的三维圆柱受迫振动数值模拟

基于OpenFOAM平台对雷诺数3900下的三维固定圆柱绕流和雷诺数30000下的三维圆柱受迫振动进行数值模拟,对湍流的模拟采用SA-DDES离散涡模型.针对三维圆柱绕流问题,采用PISO算法耦合求解速度-压力场,对圆柱绕流的基础参数如St数、平均阻力系数和平均升力系数等与试验进行了比较,结果吻合良好.针对三维圆柱受迫振动问题,采用PIMPLE算法耦合求解速度-压力场,对不同频率下振幅比为0.3的阻力系数、尾涡形态进行了计算,阻力平均系数与实验值相比吻合较好.     

动波壁圆柱流场的数值模拟与减阻机理

利用计算流体力学软件Fluent开展动波壁圆柱绕流的数值计算,建立二维运动波浪壁圆柱模型。在来流速度u=0.005 m/s、雷诺数Re=500的情况下,开展动波壁波动速度c=0,0.005,0.01,0.015,0.02,0.025,0.03,0.04 m/s等8个工况的计算分析,并比较不同波动速度对流场结构、升力、阻力特性的影响。结果表明:动波壁圆柱能有效抑制流动的分离,消除交替脱落的尾涡,减阻效果突出;随着波动速度的增大,平均阻力系数呈明显下降趋势;当波速超过0.025 m/s时,阻力变为负值,即波动圆柱产生一定的推力。     

基于DES模型的变截面圆柱绕流数值模拟

针对海洋结构物"卡门涡街"现象抑制或加强的不同用途,基于CFD方法,采用分离涡(DES)模型,对均匀来流下低雷诺数单圆柱绕流进行二维模拟,验证DES方法在低雷诺数时圆柱绕流模拟的可行性,开展低雷诺数下3种变截面圆柱绕流二维数值模拟研究,分别取特征长度D=0.07m,0.09m,0.12m,分析相应的升阻力系数、压力云图、涡量图等,得到不同流体参数和涡脱落形态变化规律。比较得出在二维模型下,当圆柱横截面特征长度改变时,"卡门涡街"现象会发生一定的加强或减弱,并从抑制或利用两个方面给出相应建议。     

串列双圆柱流致振动数值模拟

基于开源程序OpenFOAM和动网格技术,利用切应力平衡法建立水流作用下的海上风电基础局部冲刷数学模型。通过模拟结果与实验数据的对比发现,所建立的冲刷数学模型能够合理反映圆柱型单桩基础周围的水流结构,冲刷深度与实验结果吻合较好。     

Effect of surface roughness and initial gap on the vortex-induced vibrations of a freely vibrating cylinder in the vicinity of a plane wall

We studied the effects of the surface roughness and initial gap on the responses of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder near a stationary plane wall, employing numerical methods. The VIV response amplitudes, lock-in regions, hydrodynamic forces, VIV trajectories and flow fields for three different surface roughnesses and two different initial gaps were systematically compared. The results reveal that the reduced velocity range can be divided into three regions based on the VIV amplitude as pre-lock-in, lock-in, and post-lock-in regions. The width of the lock-in region is not sensitive to the variation of the roughness. The mean drag coefficient has a decreasing tendency with the increased roughness. For a small initial gap, the clockwise wall boundary layer vortices has coalesced with the clockwise vortices shed from the upper side of the cylinder, which further suppresses the shedding of the counter-clock wise vortices from the lower side of the cylinder. The vortex shedding flow pattern displays a weak 2S mode. However, for a large initial gap, there is no coalescing action operating in the wake region and hence most of the vortex shedding flow patterns show an asymmetric 2S mode.     

上游静止柱体对圆柱体结构尾激振动的影响

文章运用半隐式特征线分裂算子有限元算法对串列布置的静止上游柱体和下游圆柱的尾激振动问题进行了数值模拟研究。数值结果表明:上游柱体结构的形状、尺寸比(d/D)和折减速度(Ur)三个参数对下游圆柱体结构的动力响应、运动轨迹与涡脱落模态有着显著的影响,且与单圆柱工况相比存在明显区别;随着尺寸比的增大,上/下游柱体结构之间的互扰作用会由流致效应逐渐转变为尾流效应,使得频率特性发生变化,并会导致下游圆柱体结构的振动响应增强;当d/D=0.5和1.0时,下游圆柱体结构的运动轨迹主要为“8”字形;当d/D=1.5时,除了“8”字形外,运动轨迹还会呈现双弯刀形、“双8”字形和不规则形状。通过对流体力系数与位移时程曲线及位移PSD曲线特性进行分析,揭示了其相互作用的内在机理。另外,下游圆柱体结构的尾流场特性也会随参数的变化而变化,其涡脱落模态主要为2S、P+S和2P三种。     

附加双分流板的方形横截面管涡脱落控制减阻研究（英文）

In this paper we have made a numerical study on the control of vortex shedding and drag reduction of a cylinder by attaching thin splitter plates. The wake structure of the cylinder of square cross-section with attached splitter plates is analyzed for a range of Reynolds number, based on the incident stream and height of the cylinder, in the laminar range. The Navier-Stokes equations governing the flow are solved by the control volume method over a staggered grid arrangement. We have used the semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equation(SIMPLE) algorithm for computation. Our results show that the presence of a splitter plate upstream of the cylinder reduces the drag, but it has a small impact on the vortex shedding frequency when the plate length is beyond 1.5 time the height of the cylinder. The presence of a downstream splitter plate dampens the vortex shedding frequency. The entrainment of fluid into the inner side of the separated shear layers is obstructed by the downstream splitter plate. Our results suggest that by attaching in-line splitter plates both upstream and downstream of the cylinder, the vortex shedding can be suppressed, as well as a reduction in drag be obtained. We made a parametric study to determine the optimal length of these splitter plates so as to achieve low drag and low vortex shedding frequency.     

阀门角度对蝶阀后双弯管流场影响的数值模拟研究

本文采用计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟的方法,研究了不同阀门角度下蝶阀后双弯管模型中的复杂流动现象,并将数值计算的速度云图同流场实验测量结果进行对比验证。分析结果表明：数值计算结果同粒子图像速度场测量技术得到的速度云图基本吻合;阀门角度对流场的影响较大,阀门角度越小,阀板迎背流面的流体扩张也越不明显,模型最大速度减小：阀板前驻点逐渐向阀板迎流面边侧移动,一次分离区减小,而二次分离区先增大后减小;弯管中流体质点二次流、流动分离及流动剪切膨胀等是影响流场的重要因素。     

跨声速射流冲击对挡板作用特性的模拟分析

为了得到跨声速理想膨胀射流冲击对于挡板的压力、驻点位置等规律,对射流角度为45°,60°和90°,射流距离与喷口直径比H/D为4,6,8的模型进行了数值模拟．结果表明：当H/D从4增加到8时,作用力增加约10％,改变的幅度较小;当射流角度从45°增加到90°时,作用力提高大约40％,作用力大小跟射流角度关系较大．射流角度从45°增加到90°时,驻点距离射流中心由0.07～0.10 m减小到0;射流距离变化对驻点的距离影响很小,变化幅度在10％左右．     

关于二维平面圆柱涡激振动的数值模拟

利用有限元软件Adina建立平面二维圆柱绕流的数值模型,模拟低雷诺数条件下流体与圆柱间的涡激振动。随着流速加大,圆柱振动经历非锁定一锁定一脱离锁定的过程,由于锁定形态下圆柱振动与尾涡脱落引起的流体力形成共振,使圆柱的振幅增大。仅考虑圆柱顺流向振动时,横流向振幅略有增加;同时考虑圆柱在平面内的旋转和顺流向振动时,横流向振幅显著增加、锁定区间加宽,且质量比越低变化就越明显。     

PIV study of the effect of piston position on the in-cylinder swirling flow during the scavenging process in large two-stroke marine diesel engines

A simplified model of a low speed large two-stroke marine diesel engine cylinder is developed. The effect of piston position on the in-cylinder swirling flow during the scavenging process is studied using the stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique. The measurements are conducted at different cross-sectional planes along the cylinder length and at piston positions covering the air intake port by 0, 25, 50 and 75 %. When the intake port is fully open, the tangential velocity profile is similar to a Burgers vortex, whereas the axial velocity has a wake-like profile. Due to internal wall friction, the swirl decays downstream, and the size of the vortex core increases. For increasing port closures, the tangential velocity profile changes from a Burgers vortex to a forced vortex, and the axial velocity changes correspondingly from a wake-like profile to a jet-like profile. For piston position with 75 % intake port closure, the jet-like axial velocity profile at a cross-sectional plane close to the intake port changes back to a wake-like profile at the adjacent downstream cross-sectional plane. This is characteristic of a vortex breakdown. The non-dimensional velocity profiles show no significant variation with the variation in Reynolds number.     

亚临界区雷诺数下电磁力控制圆柱绕流场特性研究

采用脱体涡模拟方法对弱电解质中电磁力作用下圆柱绕流场及其升阻力特性进行了数值模拟与分析。研究结果表明,在亚临界区雷诺数下电磁力可以提高圆柱体边界层内的流体动能,延缓圆柱体近壁面流动分离,减弱绕流场中流向和展向大尺度涡的强度,减小圆柱体阻力及其升力脉动幅值;当电磁力作用参数大于某个临界值后,流动分离角消失,在圆柱体尾部产生射流现象,电磁力产生净推力作用,出现负阻力现象,而且升力脉动幅值显著减小且接近于零。     

近底管线绕流及涡激振动的二维有限元数值模拟

应用有限元方法通过求解原始变量的二维不可压粘性流体的N-S方程和管线振动方程,数值模拟了近底管线的绕流及漩涡脱落引起的管线振动,采用ALE方法解决因管线振动引起的动网格问题和流固耦合问题。数值模拟了雷诺数90相似文献