C C TUNG, WE TAKE IT PERSONALLY

Personal history Mr. CC Tung was born into theworld of shipping but had to earn hisposition as the leader of OrientOverseas (International) Limited(OOIL) through hard work and vision.Mr. Tung was educated and trained asan engineer and received his Bachelorof Science Degree from the Universityof Liverpool, England. He acquired aMaster's Degree in MechanicalEngineering at the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology in the UnitedStates. In 1968, he joined the familybusiness in New York, where, for overthe next two decades, he managed thecompany's US operations andexplored business opportunities inSouth America.     

C C TUNG,WE TAKE IT PERSONALLY

Personal history Mr. CC Tung was born into the world of shipping but had to earn his position as the leader of Orient Overseas (International) Limited (OOIL) through hard work and vision. Mr. Tung was educated and trained as an engineer and received his B…     

Mathematical model of small water-plane area twin-hull and application in marine simulator

Small water-plane area twin-hull（SWATH） has drawn the attention of many researchers due to its good sea-keeping ability.In this paper,MMG＇s idea of separation was used to perform SWATH movement modeling and simulation;respectively the forces and moment of SWATH were divided into bare hull,propeller,rudder at the fluid hydrodynamics,etc.Wake coefficient at the propellers which reduces thrust coefficient,and rudder mutual interference forces among the hull and propeller,for the calculation of SWATH,were all considered.The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method of integration was used by solving differential equations,in order to get SWATH＇s movement states.As an example,a turning test at full speed and full starboard rudder of ‘Seagull＇ craft is shown.The simulation results show the SWATH＇s regular pattern and trend of motion.It verifies the correctness of the mathematical model of the turning movement.The SWATH＇s mathematical model is applied to marine simulator in order to train the pilots or seamen,or safety assessment for ocean engineering project.Lastly,the full mission navigation simulating system（FMNSS） was determined to be a successful virtual reality technology application sample in the field of navigation simulation.     

Mode transitions in vortex-induced vibrations of a flexible pipe near plane boundary

A pipe model with a mass ratio（mass/displaced mass） of 4.30 was tested to investigate the vortex-induced vibrations of submarine pipeline spans near the seabed.The pipe model was designed as a bending stiffness-dominated beam.The gap ratios（gap to diameter ratio） at the pipe ends were 4.0,6.0,and 8.0.The flow velocity was systematically varied in the 0-16.71 nondimensional velocity range based on the first natural frequency.The mode transition between the first and the second mode as the flow velocity increases was investigated.At various transition flow velocities,the research indicates that the peak frequencies with respect to displacement are not identical along the pipe,nor the frequencies associated with the peak of the amplitude spectra for the first four modes as well.The mode transition is associated with a continuous change in the amplitude,but there＇s a jump in frequency,and a gradual process along the pipe length.     

ABSTRACTS

Analysis and prospect of the world economic situation In 2013, the world economy still marched on bumpy road to recovery. Developed economies continued to consolidate the economic recovery. The United States＇ and Japan＇s economy entered a slow growth channel. The euro zone＇s recession was over and showed signs of recovery. Emerging markets and developing economies entered the process of structural adjustment, a further slowdown in economic growth. Looking ahead to the world economy in 2014, many factors are noteworthy such as the United States ＂exit＂ quantitative easing and its spillover effects,     

In situ colonization of marine biofilms on UNS S32760 duplex stainless steel coupons in areas with different water qualities: Implications for corrosion potential behavior

In the presence of biofilms, stainless steels （SS） exhibits an increase in corrosion potential, called ennoblement. In the present study, the corrosion potential （Eco,） behavior of the duplex SS UNS S32760 was recorded simultaneously with the in situ marine biofilm formation in two areas at Arraial do Cabo, Southeastern Brazil. The biofilm at Forno Harbor （an anthropogenically disturbed area） was characterized by higher relative abundances of Bacteria at day 2, followed by diatoms （especially Navicula sp.） on day 10 and dinoflagellates on day 18, whereas no clear trend was recorded at Cabo Frio Island （an undisturbed area）. The ennoblement of Ecor values was site-dependent. In a complementary laboratory assay, biofilms were removed and the Eco values registered in sterile conditions for the subsequent 10 days and corroborated in situ results. Understanding biofilms and SS interactions has important implications for materials science and engineering decisions as well as helping to fill in imnortant gaps in this knowledge.     

Dynamic anti-plane interaction between an impermeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium

Wave propagation in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a circular cavity and an impermeable crack subjected to steady-state anti-plane shearing was studied based on Green＇s function and the crack-division technique. Theoretical solutions were derived for the whole elastic displacement and electric potential field in the interaction between the circular cavity and the impermeable crack. Expressions were obtained on the dynamic stress concentration factor （DSCF） at the cavity＇s edge, the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the dynamic electric displacement intensity factor （DEDIF） at the crack tip. Numerical solutions were performed and plotted with different incident wave numbers, parameters of piezoelectric materials and geometries of the structure. Finally, some of the calculation results were compared with the case of dynamic anti-plane interaction of a permeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium. This paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of piezoelectric actuators and sensors widely used in marine structures.     

加强内地与香港交通合作 发挥香港国际航运中心作用

<正>Dear readers,welcome to read this issue of our jour-nal,Ports of China.The Chinese Government is going to resume exercis-ing sovereignty over Hong Kong.This is a grand eventthat has been drawing world attention.The port in HongKong is one of the busiest ports of the world,ranking asthe world’s biggest container port for five consecutiveyears.Therefore,Hong Kong’s return to the motherlandis a significant event for the Chinese ports industry aswell.In order to celebrate this epoch-making event,weare opentng a special column in this issue,Hong KongComing Back.For this column,Mr.Huang Zhendong,Minister of Communications,sent us his essay,entitled"Strengthening Cooperation Between Hong Kong and theInland Areas in Communications,Mobilising HongKong’s Functions as an International Shipping Center".Mr.Li Weizhong,President,China Ports and HarborsAssn,Also contributed his essay "Hailing Hong Kong’sReturn That Has Wiped Out the Old Humiliation,Look-ing out for a Better Megaport in the Future".also run inthis c     

ABSTRACTS

COSCON establishes a global shipping operation center in Shanghai
COSCO Container Lines Co., Ltd. （COSCON） is one of the world＇s leading providers of integrated container shipping service. Recently, COSCON formally announced the establishment of a global shipping operation center in Shanghai. Through the resource integration of the large container liner fleet, focusing on the centralized configuration and centralized operation, further agglomerating management advantages, optimizing the business structure, decreasingcostandincreasingbenefit, the company responds effectively to the competitiveness in the current sustained downturn market.     

Numerical study on flow-induced noise for a steam stop-valve using large eddy simulation

The noise induced by the fluctuant saturated steam flow under 250 °C in a stop-valve was numerically studied.The simulation was carried out using computational fluid dynamics（CFD） and ACTRAN.The acoustic field was investigated with Lighthill＇s acoustic analogy based on the properties of the flow field obtained using a large-eddy simulation that employs the LES-WALE dynamic model as the sub-grid-scale model.Firstly,the validation of mesh was well conducted,illustrating that two million elements were sufficient in this situation.Secondly,the treatment of the steam was deliberated,and conclusions indicate that when predicting the flow-induced noise of the stop-valve,the steam can be treated as incompressible gas at a low inlet velocity.Thirdly,the flow-induced noises under different inlet velocities were compared.The findings reveal it has remarkable influence on the flow-induced noises.Lastly,whether or not the heat preservation of the wall has influence on the noise was taken into account.The results show that heat preservation of the wall had little influence.     

航务快讯

COSCO (Japan) Company Founded COSCO (Japan), wholely owned by COSCO Group, held an inauguration recep- tion at a Tokyo hotel on June 20. Mr. Huang Zhendong, minister of the Ministry of Communications, who was visiting Japan at that time gave an address at the recep tion. He said: "COSCO (Japan) will not on ly develop COSCO's business, but also play an important role in strenthening the coop eration between Chinese and Japanese mar- itime circles. We will enthusiastically sup port the development of COSCO (Japan). Mr. Chen Zhongbiao, president of COSCO Group said: "Japan is an area occupying a very important position in the development of COSCO's business. The founding of     

ABSTRACTS

FMC convenes Global Regulatory Summit with officials from China and European Commission
Maritime regulators from the United States, the People＇s Republic of China （PRC）, and the European Commission met and conferred in Washington, D.C. on December 17, 2013 to consider the evolving international maritime landscape. The officials had open and candid discussions on their differing regulatory frameworks and the potential effects of carrier cooperation on international trade. While most of the discussions were held privately by the regulators, FMC Chairman Mario Cordero and members of the delegations from China and Europe spoke briefly about their regulatory summit publicly at the end of the day. The summit was early on billed as a global regulatory summit on the P3 Alliance,     

Numerical Investigation on Two-dimensional Boundary Layer Flow with Transition

As a basic problem in many engineering applications, transition from laminar to turbulence still remains a difficult problem in computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. A numerical study of one transitional flow in two-dimensional is conducted by Reynolds averaged numerical simulation （RANS） in this paper. Turbulence model plays a significant role in the complex flows＇ simulation, and four advanced turbulence models are evaluated. Numerical solution of frictional resistance coefficient is compared with the measured one in the transitional zone, which indicates that Wilcox （2006） k-ω model with correction is the best candidate. Comparisons of numerical and analytical solutions for dimensionless velocity show that averaged streamwise dimensionless velocity profiles correct the shape rapidly in transitional region. Furthermore, turbulence quantities such as turbulence kinetic energy, eddy viscosity, and Reynolds stress are also studied, which are helpful to learn the transition＇s behavior.     

HEART AT SOUTH CHINA SEA

After accomplishing his mission of recovering the Yongxing Island,Li Jing Sen returned to Guangzhou on the naval ship Yong Xing.The beautiful scenes of the blue ocean,lush vegetation on the island,and flocks of seabirds kept appearing in his mind.The crew＇s next assignment was an anti-smuggling inspection at the Pear River Estuary. They stationed at Hu Men ships while they checked passing by for smuggling activity. Three months later, they received order to patrol the South China Sea. This assignment gave Li the opportunity to sail through the area. In addition to patrolling, the ship also brought supplies to soldiers garrisoned on the islands, and replacement personnel.     

2005FIGURES OF WORLD SHIPPING （CHINA）SUMMIT年会人物：MITSUI 0.S.K. LINES,EXCELLENT AND RESILIENT COMPANY

Personal history I began my career with Mitsui O.S.K. Lines （MOL） upon graduation from Kyoto University in 1967. During my 38year career at the company, I have been involved in a broad range of maritime activities, and have witnessed dramatic changes in the industry as it has sought to meet the changing needs of societies and the globalization of economies. Key events in my career include a posting to Mitsui O.S.K. Lines＇ San Francisco Representative Office from 1975 to 1979;becoming a staff officer of the Planning Division in 1987, followed by a promotion to Deputy General Manager of the Division in 1988; appointment as General Manager of Europe and Oceania Division in 1993; being elected to a directorship in 1996; promotion to Managing Director in 1998, Senior Managing Director in 2000, Deputy President in 2003, and finally President in 2004. For me, the shipping industry is both a business and a passion. I am extremely excited about the changes and challenges that lie ahead for the industry as we begin the 21^st Century, and consider myself to be in a most enviable position leading Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, a company at the vanguard of shipping developments, in these exhilarating times.     

中国南海ASDD深水试验井中的锚泊设计与作业(英文)

Mooring systems play an important role for semi-submersible rigs that drill in deepwater.A detailed analysis was carried out on the mooring of a semi-submersible rig that conducted a trial well drilling at a deepwater location in the South China Sea in 2009.The rig was 30 years old and had a shallow platform with a designed maximum operating water depth of 457 m.Following the mooring analysis,a mooring design was given that requires upgrading of the rig’s original mooring system.The upgrade included several innovations,such as installing eight larger anchors,i.e.replacing the original anchors and inserting an additional 600 m of steel wires with the existing chains.All this was done to enhance the mooring capability of the rig in order for the rig to be held in position to conduct drilling at a water depth of 476 m.The overall duration of the drilling was 50 days and the upgraded mooring system proved to be efficient in achieving the goal of keeping the rig stationary while it was drilling the trial well in the South China Sea.This successful campaign demonstrates that an older semi-submersible rig can take on drilling in deep water after careful design and proper upgrading and modification to the original mooring system.     

China has designed or constructed 297 ship types over the last decade

On January 26, China＇s biggest oil terminal - the 300,000 ton crude oil terminal was put into operation in Qingdao port as the oil tanker of ＂Meng Huan＂ made its call. The terminal able to accommodate an annual throughout of 18m tons will be the largest crude oil terminal in China with the longest berth, deepest draft, biggest ship size and most advanced technology.     

An algorithm of the adaptive grid and fuzzy interacting multiple model

This paper studies the algorithm of the adaptive grid and fuzzy interacting multiple model （AGFIMM） for maneuvering target tracking, while focusing on the problems of the fixed structure multiple model （FSMM） algorithm＇s cost-efficiency ratio being not high and the Markov transition probability of the interacting multiple model （IMM） algorithm being difficult to determine exactly. This algorithm realizes the adaptive model set by adaptive grid adjustment, and obtains each model matching degree in the model set by fuzzy logic inference. The simulation results show that the AGFIMM algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy and cost-efficiency ratio of the multiple model algorithm, and as a result is suitable for enineering apolications.     

Analysis of the flexural vibration of ship’s tail shaft by transfer matrix method

A ship＇s tail shaft has serious flexural vibration due to the cantilevered nature of the propeller＇s blades. Analysis of the nature frequency of flexural vibration is vital to be able to provide effective shock absorption for a ship＇s tail shaft. A mathematic model of tail shaft flexural vibrations was built using the transfer matrix method. The nature frequency of flexural vibration for an electrically propelled ship＇s tail shaft was then analyzed, and an effective method for calculating it was proposed： a genetic algorithm （GA）, which calculates the nature frequency of vibration of a system. Sample calculations, with comparisons by the Prohl method under conditions bearing isotropic support, showed this method to be practical. It should have significant impact on engineering design theory.     

Robust autopilot with wave filter for ship steering

Research was done to overcome traditional problems associated with automatic steering systems of a ship in a seaway. A ship＇ s dynamic model with wave disturbances was built and a wave filter was designed by means of an extended states observer （ESO）. The model estimated the low frequency motion component from a heading measurement corrupted by colorednoise, so back-and-forth steering caused by high frequency wave disturbances was avoided. At the same time, a robust autopilot system, designed by variable structure control theory, was presented. Simulation results achieved in dangerous sea status show that the wave filter works very well and the autopilot has strong robustness to environmental disturbances and model perturbation, and more importantly, the frequency of rudder adjustments is reduced noticeably.