三元复合絮凝剂对海相淤泥絮凝及污染物释放特性的影响研究

港湾疏浚淤泥受化工污染严重,无害化难度大。通过不同絮凝调理分析,无机絮凝剂PAC对浙江某港湾疏浚底泥有更好的电中和效果,提升底泥沉降性能,有机絮凝剂1 200万分子量APAM能显著提升底泥絮体粒径、降低上清液浊度,两者联合环保助滤剂HG按5%?0.3%?2%的投加量和配比组成三元复合絮凝剂对底泥进行调理,经隔膜压滤处理泥饼含水率为29.6%。经三元复合絮凝剂调理脱水后的泥饼粒径增大,重金属浸出风险降低,调理效果优于PAC-APAM二元体系,随着三元复合絮凝剂投加量的增加,底泥脱水尾水中的COD、NH₃-N和TP含量逐渐降低。三元复合絮凝剂中的环保助滤剂能降低污泥比阻,降低泥饼和尾水pH值,对底泥的絮凝脱水有一定促进作用。     

河道底泥环保疏浚技术及其处理方法分析

传统河道底泥疏浚技术及处理方法对脱水后含泥率和重金属含量的要求较低,为此,提出对河道底泥疏浚技术及其处理方法的研究分析。调整道底泥环保疏浚方式,对环保绞刀的优化设计,在反铲绞刀架和绞刀轴安装垂直角度传感器和水平角度传感器,进行信息收集,实现疏浚精度的控制,使用优化后的环保绞刀执行河道底泥的环保疏浚,通过多角度计算。最后增大吸泥管与绞刀工作效率,对河道底泥实现标准临界值无污染扩散处理。设计流程实验,将脱水后含泥率和重金属含量作为验证指标,实验结果表明:设计的处理流程与常规的疏浚处理流程相比较,其脱水后含泥率和重金属含量均更高,能够实现对河道底泥疏浚精度的控制以及防止其扩散。     

水位变动较大河道环保疏浚与底泥处置方案

为解决水位变动较大河道的环保疏浚与底泥处置问题,基于山美水库进库河道段疏浚工程,总结如何合理地选择疏浚时机,采用适合特定水位下的疏浚设备统筹施工,利用太阳能自然干化降低底泥含水率,从而提高生产效率、节约成本,为后续工程提供经验借鉴。     

多功能清淤船及移动式脱水固化站组合施工应用

多功能清淤船+移动式脱水固化站组合应用于城市内河环保疏浚,可以迅速缓解河道底泥泛臭、淤堵问题,淤泥减量化效果明显。城市河道水深浅,水量少等不具备一般挖泥船疏浚作业的水深条件,多功能清淤船具有多功能性和良好的机动性,有良好清淤效果[1]。移动式脱水固化具备即插即用的特点,低能耗、环保地实现对城市生活污泥的处理。本文通过介绍多功能清淤船+移动式脱水固化站组合施工的原理、优势以及应用效果,为城市河道的定期或应急快速清淤及减量化处置提供参考。     

太湖疏浚底泥养分特征及园林应用研究

疏浚后的底泥处置是港口、航道及湖泊治理中面临的问题之一。疏浚底泥具有陆地土壤的基本理化性质,富含植物生长所需的各种营养物质,可应用于园林绿化。为分析其可行性,选择太湖月亮湾疏浚底泥,分析了底泥p H、有机质含量、总氮、有效磷、速效钾、含水率、重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd含量。结果表明:底泥含有丰富的氮、磷、钾元素等营养物质,且其他指标含量适中,因此月亮湾疏浚底泥作为景观园林用土是可行的;同时,太湖月亮湾的疏浚底泥未被重金属污染,可直接利用。     

白洋淀疏浚底泥改良制备绿化种植土试验研究

针对白洋淀疏浚工程产生的大量底泥，研究疏浚底泥改良制备绿化种植土的资源化利用方式。采用膜覆盖好氧发酵方法，设计3种辅料方案，对照CJ/T 340—2016《绿化种植土壤》标准分析试验过程中底泥的物理化学指标变化。结果表明，辅料的有机质、营养元素等含量直接影响底泥的发酵效果，农田废弃物作为主要辅料与底泥混合发酵效果最好，底泥的土壤入渗率、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾分别提高44.3%、18.0%、22.8%、10.0%,有利于改善河湖底泥的改良效果。研究成果可为疏浚底泥大规模资源化处置提供支撑，实现环保疏浚产业链的闭合。     

白洋淀疏浚底泥絮凝脱水试验及应用*

针对白洋淀生态清淤底泥土工管袋脱水絮凝的问题,开展土工管袋脱水试验研究及工程验证。进行无机絮凝剂、有机絮凝剂和生物絮凝剂的复配小试和中试试验,提出适用于白洋淀土工管袋脱水的絮凝方案,并通过工程化实施,验证了絮凝方案的土工管袋脱水性能。研究采用分组试验的方法,以底泥絮凝后絮体大小、絮体强度和上清液清澈度作为评价指标。结果表明：复配絮凝剂投加量1.5%时,底泥絮凝效果最优,且余水水质化学需氧量（COD）、总磷（TP）改善明显,COD和TP分别削减83.92%和91.18%,土工管袋充填结束第30 d降低底泥含水率至低于55%。     

关于山美水库环保疏浚范围和厚度确定方法的探讨

在进行以内源污染物消减和控制为目的的环保疏浚时,如何合理确定疏浚范围及底泥疏浚厚度尚无统一标准。文章结合山美水库环保疏浚工程的特点,利用勘察取样和底泥化学分析的方法,对污染底泥进行分类及等级划分,推荐采用"视觉法+含量分析法",分析其中氮、磷及重金属的含量和污染特性,对疏浚厚度进行判断,逐步缩小和确定疏浚范围。     

电化学脱水干化技术在环保疏浚底泥中的应用

针对环保疏浚底泥含水率高、压缩性大、脱水时间长、纳泥场地供给不足等技术难题,进行电化学脱水干化方法的研究。将场区分成4个单元,即单向真空、单向电化学、双向真空和双向电化学单元,开展现场平行对比试验。结果表明,电化学单元较真空预压单元脱水效果明显,考虑到电能功耗和脱水效果,中电压(30～60 V)是最优外加电压值。双向排水结构对电化学脱水干化技术起到很好的加强作用,可实现多批次高效固定场地的异位脱水处理,对土地资源有限的城区具有一定的工程推广意义。     

3种絮凝剂对河道底泥絮凝效果及板框压滤的研究

针对官渡区海河疏浚底泥深度脱水难度大的问题，进行了絮凝浓缩结合板框压滤的试验研究，分别采用阴离子聚丙烯酰胺（分子量1 500）、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（分子量800）和非离子聚丙烯酰胺（分子量900）3种絮凝剂进行絮凝浓缩处理，再将筛选出的2种浓缩泥浆分别利用隔膜式板框压滤机进行压滤试验，采用KD20板作为填充泥浆腔室（厚度为200 mm），持续进料10 min，挤压压力0.8 MPa，根据板框压滤结果筛选出最优的一种絮凝剂。试验结果表明，对于有机物含量较高的疏浚底泥，分子量为1 500万、水解度为14%的CPAM絮凝效果和浓缩后泥浆板框压滤脱水效果和出水水质较好，隔膜板框压滤挤压时间30 min，泥饼含水率可降至40%以下。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。