基于FTA的石碑山海域商渔船碰撞风险研究

基于事故树理论,对石碑山海域商渔船碰撞事故进行影响因素分析,从人为、船舶、环境和管理等四方面因素,建立了石碑山海域商渔船碰撞事故的事故树。通过定性分析和石碑山海域商渔船碰撞事故风险因素分析,从人为因素和管理因素,提出措施建议。     

掘进工作面炮烟中毒事故的事故树分析

应用事故树分析方法对掘进工作面炮烟中毒事故的原因进行了分析,通过计算事故树的最小割集、最小径集与基本事件的结构重要度,讨论并提出了预防掘进工作面炮烟中毒事故的措施。     

一种新的编码事故树分析法在航海碰撞事故中的应用

此文介绍一种新的编码事故树的事故分析方法，并利用它对已经发生过的碰撞事故进行分析，指出了减少人为失误和提高组织管理水平对提高航海中船舶安全系数有很大作用。     

渔船违规情况分析与商船避让措施探讨

本文通过２０例渔船与商船碰撞事故的典型案例。分析了造成事故诸多因素中渔船方面的原因,并提出和探讨了商船的避让措施,供有关人员参考。     

对几起渔船碰撞事故的反思

针对最近发生的几起渔船碰撞事故,分析了渔船发生碰撞的原因和特点,提出了防止渔船发生碰撞的措施,并对有关法律、法规的完善提出了建议。     

船舶同步发电机励磁系统故障的事故树分析

本文利用事故树分析方法分析了船舶同步发电机励磁系统故障的事故树模型,并对故障做了定性和定量的分析,估算了发电机励磁系统各元件的可靠度和结构重要度。为船舶同步发电机励磁系统的安全评价以及事故分析提供参考。     

船舶违章排放舱底水的事故树分析

在对事故树分析法做简单介绍的基础上,应用事故树分析方法对船舶违章排放舱底水进行分析,找出深层次的原因.结合日常工作的实际情况,从海事监管角度出发,提出如何减少船舶违章排放舱底水的几点建议.     

如何防止与渔船发生碰撞事故

列举两起与渔船发生碰撞的实例,对碰撞渔船事故的原因进行分析,阐述了发生碰撞事故的教训,以及避免与渔船发生碰撞的措施。以抓好海上航行安全,认真吸取教训,避免重复性事故的发生。     

浅析日照沿海商船与渔船碰撞事故原因及对策

文中分析发生在日照沿海商船与渔船碰撞事故的特点和原因,提出了预防该类事故发生的对策。     

英国海事调查分析方法的介绍

受中国海事局的委派,笔者参加了为期6个月的英国海事调查局(MAIB)的交流学习,并参加了克兰菲尔德大学举办的事故调查官的基本培训。系统地学习了事故调查的基本分析方法,并在后来的MAIB交流工作中运用事故分析方法进行事故分析,基本掌握了事故分析方法。笔者希望通过本文同国内的事故调查官进行交流,以达到共同提高的目的。     

Marine accident analysis for collision and grounding in oil tanker using FTA method

In this study, collision and grounding data registered in GISIS (Global Integrated Shipping Information System) were investigated for oil tankers. The database includes the information of the collision and grounding accidents during the period between 1998 and 2010 in oil tankers. The risk assessments were carried out using fault tree analysis (FTA) programme for the incidents as collision and grounding occurred in oil tankers. In this study, we were able to investigate first the potential problems which cause the collision and grounding accidents have been determined, second, the occurrence of accidents has been shown with causal factors by the FTA method, and, finally, the significance degree of the initial events causing occurrence of accidents have been put forth. Collision in oil tanker resulted in economical loss (81%), pollution (6%) and death or injury (13%). Grounding in oil tanker resulted in economical loss (91%) and pollution (9%). According to the FTA results, the main reason for the accidents originating from human error is as follows: for collision accidents, Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG) violation and the lack of communication between vessels; and for grounding accidents, the interpretation failure of the officer on watch and lack of communication in the bridge resource management.     

关于提升西江渔业船舶安全管理的思考

文中从西江渔业船舶水上交通安全现状出发,深入分析西江渔业船舶事故多发的原因,从加强安全宣传,提高渔业船舶安全性能,畅通与商船沟通联系渠道,加强商船瞭望值班,提高灾害性天气的预防预控能力,调整西江渔业船舶安全监管职能,健全渔业船舶安全管理的法律法规等方面提出安全管理对策,望有助于规范西江航运干线渔业船舶水上交通行为,降低...     

FPSO关键系统风险分析(英文)

Risk analysis of key systems have become a growing topic late of because of the development of offshore structures. Equipment failures of offloading system and fire accidents were analyzed based on the floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) features. Fault tree analysis (FTA), and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) methods were examined based on information already researched on modules of relex reliability studio (RRS). Equipment failures were also analyzed qualitatively by establishing a fault tree and Boolean structure function based on the shortage of failure cases, statistical data, and risk control measures examined. Failure modes of fire accident were classified according to the different areas of fire occurrences during the FMEA process, using risk priority number (RPN) methods to evaluate their severity rank. The qualitative analysis of FTA gave the basic insight of forming the failure modes of FPSO offloading, and the fire FMEA gave the priorities and suggested processes. The research has practical importance for the security analysis problems of FPSO.     

基于隐患分析的海洋钻修机井架及底座安全评估

针对海洋钻修机井架及底座的安全评估方法的局限性,采用安全检查表法(SCL)、故障类型及影响分析法(FMEA),以及事故树分析法(FTA)从设备隐患的角度出发对井架进行全面的安全评价,结果表明:SCL可有效识别井架及底座存在的隐患,隐患发生在二层台及井架主体部位居多,安装不合理为最主要的隐患形式;FMEA方法可识别出井架...     

Design and implementation of a visual monitoring system to ensure safety in the water surrounding a container vessel

Container vessels navigate among the world's ports, frequently passing through narrow and congested waters. Due to the many layers of containers on a container vessel's decks, it is difficult for the crew to be aware of all fishing vessels and other obstacles in a container vessel's radar observation blind zone. This greatly increases the risk of collisions and other accidents. Given such great challenges to safe navigation and safety management with container vessels, their security risks are severe. An effective visual monitoring system can improve the safety of the water area surrounding container vessel by eliminating a vessel's observation blind zone, providing an effective safety measure for vessels navigating fishing zones and other troublesome areas. The system has other functions, such as accident recording, ship security, and monitoring of loading and unloading operations, thus ensuring the ship operates safely. Six months' trial operation showed that the system facilitates safe navigation of container vessels.     

关于修正《国际海上避碰规则》渔船条款的研究

针对渔船事故高发现象,从国际海上避碰规则不适应渔船的反向思维模式进行剖析,并建立渔船失误模型,建议在《国际海上避碰规则》第6次修订中从渔船角度出发修正渔船相关法规,从而降低船舶安全事故。     

基于故障树分析技术的客滚运输安全性评价

根据对渤海湾客滚运输事故原因的统计分析,建立了基于故障树分析技术的客滚运输航行风险分析模型。利用Semanderes算法求出故障树的最小割集,对客滚运输安全进行定性分析。基于容斥定理设计了顶事件概率的求解算法,计算出了各底事件的概率重要度和关键重要度,进而对客滚运输安全进行定量分析。通过综合分析得出影响客滚运输安全的重要因素。     

海上商船避让渔船浅析

海上商船和渔船碰撞的事故时有发生,造成巨大的经济损失和社会影响,引发事故的原因众多。文中通过对海上渔船特点、作业方式的分析,探讨海上商船避让渔船的方法,并给出海上商船避让渔船的建议。     

灰色关联在事故原因分析中的新应用

摒弃了以往对每起事故只考虑一个致因因素的做法,综合考虑影响事故发生的所有致因因素。以山东海域近5年发生的渔商船碰撞事故为例,运用灰色关联分析法确定主要致因因素,然后与实际情况相结合,确定该类事故多发的主要原因,并提出合理化建议。     

渔船稳性衡准分析与算法研究

我国有数量庞大的渔业船舶,其稳性对船舶安全生产、船型设计开发等方面产生重要影响。本文整理现行渔业船舶稳性衡准要求;分析稳性衡准数的数理实质;进而应用国内外普遍认可的总体设计软件NAPA进行渔业船舶稳性衡准数核算方法研究开发。有助于提高对渔业船舶稳性的认知水平和校核能力,亦可为具备类似衡准要求的其他船型设计研发及稳性校核工具开发提供借鉴。