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《现代隧道技术》2019,(5)
为了验证Q系统围岩分级及支护设计方法在大型地下洞室的适用性,文章依托锦州大型地下储油洞库工程,基于现场Q值统计数据与地质素描成果,并结合Q值相关的经验公式,建立了Q值与RMR值、BQ值的数学函数关系,得到了Q值与围岩主要力学参数的相关性,并提出了现场Q值快速获取的方法。研究结果表明,Q值与RMR值成对数函数关系,相关系数高达0.99,两种方法得到的围岩分级基本相同;Q值与BQ值成线性函数关系,相关系数高达0.92;在Q值及RMR值较小时,由BQ法得到的围岩分级与上述两者基本相同,但当Q值及RMR值较大,由此得到的围岩级别较高时,由BQ值得到的围岩级别大约相差一个级别。文章建立了Q值相关常用数据定量表,在无法取得现场实测值的情况下,可通过查表得到相对较为准确的参数值。 相似文献
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地下工程建设中经常会遇到地质背景条件特殊的围岩,需要建立与之相适应的岩体质量分级方法。文章结合Q分级方法的特点和不足,以鄂西北地区武当群片岩为例,分析了武当群片岩水敏性、各向异性、构造偏压、水平构造应力等特征;并在此基础上提出了考虑岩块强度、岩体完整性、地下水、地应力、片理面产状等因素的修正Q分级方法,得到了以地下水(出露情况、水压)、地应力(大小、与洞室轴线夹角)、片理倾角等为修正系数的Q′分级方法的计算公式。以十房高速通省隧道为例进行分析验证,分级结果与围岩的实际质量等级基本一致。研究结果可为复杂工程岩体质量分级方法的建立提供参考。 相似文献
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基于人工神经网络的梅关隧道围岩级别判别 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
隧道围岩分级是隧道结构设计的前提工作,也是确保隧道施工安全的关键技术.文章应用神经网络的联想记忆功能,以隧道围岩5个级别作为训练标本,建立隧道围岩与分级指标岩体完整性、岩块强度特性、结构面间的平均距离、结构面状态、岩体的水力条件和地应力场状态之间对应关系的BP判定模型,并将分级结果与模糊系统分级和地质勘查分级法进行对比,效果良好.利用人工神经网络模型为隧道围岩分级提供了一条新途径. 相似文献
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文章以兰海高速公路扩容工程大坪子隧道为研究对象,调查分析了隧址区的工程地质条件,预测了隧道涌水量,并通过在室内外进行岩体物理力学参数及声波测试,进行了隧道围岩分级,为类似工程设计与施工提供参考. 相似文献
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公路隧道围岩分级中存在问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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挪威岩土所Barton等人给出的岩质评定系数Q值计算式,从岩体的完整性、结构面发育程度、地下水和地应力的影响等方面,全面地反映了岩体的工程地质状况和水文地质状况,定量地反映了围岩质量的好坏,但对宏观地质构造及地形地貌的影响考虑相对较少.文章通过理论分析和数值计算,提出了三个修正系数,即褶皱影响系数Kfo、断层影响系数Kfa以及地形影响系数Ktf,并针对具体工程给出了相应的取值范围,对Q值进行了修正,反应了工程地质构造、地形地貌对Q值的影响程度,使其表达更为准确. 相似文献
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隧道周围的断层对隧道的稳定性有很大的影响,应用数值方法分析断层的影响机理,对于隧道工程具有重要的意义.首先,针对隧道岩体的非连续性问题,应用自主开发的GeoSMA-3D系统,采用非连续面网络图模拟真实岩体的几何特征,建立非连续岩体隧道的三维分析模型,根据建立的三维模型确定岩体内部结构面的分步特征;然后,将数值模型导入非连续程序(DDA)中,应用DDA程序对隧道的破坏过程进行动态模拟分析,并且改变断层的倾角分别模拟隧道的破坏过程.破坏结果分析表明,断层倾角对隧道的稳定性影响很大.研究结果对隧道工程的设计和施工有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献